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Peptides and cytokines

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Summary

In the last decade a number of proteinaceous inflammatory mediators have been structurally characterized. Two of these mediators, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and Interleukin 1α andΒ (IL-1), have pleiotropic properties. Both cytokines are now known to be potent inducers of a number of cell-selective chemotactic cytokines, which belong to a novel superfamily of structurally related low-molecular-weight proteins. One of the most prominent members is termed “IL-8” and represents a neutrophil-selective attractant, whereas another one called “monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1)” is a monocyte-selective chemotaxin. Other members seem to be selective chemotaxins for other leukocyte types and subsets. These chemotactic cytokines are produced by a variety of different cells under appropriate stimulation conditions. Large amounts of IL-8 have been detected in scales of psoriatic lesions and may be of importance in explaining predominant neutrophil infiltration in psoriatic lesions. Regulation of gene expression and/or release of these chemotactic cytokines may occur by IL-1 receptor antagonists or soluble TNF-α-receptors. So far, natural antagonists to these chemotactic cytokines have not been described; however, pharmacological inhibition of its gene expression and/or release is possible.

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  1. Department of Dermatology, University of Kiel, Schittenhelmstrasse 7, W-2300, Kiel, Federal Republic of Germany

    J. -M. Schröder

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Schröder, J.M. Peptides and cytokines. Arch Dermatol Res 284 (Suppl 1), S22–S26 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00638236

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