Summary
Bromostyrenes can be carbonylated to acids in good yields, and under mild conditions, using palladium(O) and phase transfer catalysis [benzene ort-amyl alcohol, 5 M NaOH, and a quarternary ammonium salt. The process is a biphasic one in the case of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0), while the use of bis[bis(1,2-diphenylphosphino)ethane]palladium(0) as the catalyst results in an authentic phase transfer process. These reactions usually occur with predominant or complete retention of configuration. 1-Bromoalkenes are also converted into acids in reasonable yields, whereas 2-bromoalkenes are quite unreactive.
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Galamb, V., Alper, H. Biphasic and phase transfer catalyzed carbonylation of vinylic bromides. Transition Met Chem 8, 271–273 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00620866
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00620866