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Direct effects of α-and β-sympathomimetic amines on the cerebral circulation of the dog

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Summary

The response of the brain vessels to i.a. infused epinephrine, norepinephrine and isoprenaline was evaluated. The experiments were performed on isolated canine brains which were perfused from donor dogs. Total venous outflow and perfusion pressure in the circle of Willis were monitored continuously and total cerebral vascular resistance (CVR) was calculated. Dose response curves were obtained for these three amines, ranging from 0.001–10 μg:

  1. 1.

    Both epinephrine and norepinephrine led to an equal dose dependent increase of CVR ranging from +2% to +61%.

  2. 2.

    Isoprenaline showed a dose dependent decrease of CVR ranging from −5% to −51%.

The effects of the amines on CVR are influenced by their effects on extracerebral vessels and by the cerebral autoregulation. After elimination of the calculated autoregulatory influence the true catecholamine effects on CVR are about 50% of the original effects.

A comparison of equimolar doses (1 nmol) of the three amines after infusion of α-and β-blocking agents showed:

  1. 1.

    The effect of epinephrine and norepinephrine on CVR could be reversed by phentolamine. The dilator potency was as follows: Isoprenaline: Epinephrine : Norepinephrine=1:0.5:0.3.

  2. 2.

    The effect of isoprenaline could be prevented, those of epinephrine were increased by propranolol: The constrictor potency was as follows: Epinephrine : Norepinephrine: Isoprenaline=1:0.5:0.

These results are discussed in relation to the possible influence of non-cerebral tissues including neurocranium and meninges. It is felt that these sources of contamination cannot account for the vasomotor responses and that, consequently, both α-and β-adrenergic activity of the cerebral vessels of the dog has been demonstrated.

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Author notes

  1. G. Oberdörster

    Present address: Institut für Aerobiologie der Frauenhofer-Gesellschaft, D-5949, Grafschaft, Federal Republic of Germany

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  1. Institut für normale und pathologische Physiologie der Universität, Köln

    G. Oberdörster, R. Lang & R. Zimmer

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Oberdörster, G., Lang, R. & Zimmer, R. Direct effects of α-and β-sympathomimetic amines on the cerebral circulation of the dog. Pflugers Arch. 340, 145–160 (1973). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00588173

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00588173

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