Abstract
A multiple homogenizer is described for preparing samples of small invertebrates or tissue in a flat-bottom immunoplate. Its efficiency was evaluated by immunoassay of a carboxylesterase (E4), the enzyme conferring insecticide resistance in the peach potato aphid (Myzus persicae). This equipment was shown to release more enzyme, with less variability, than homogenizing individual aphids and its efficiency allows one person to analyze up to 3000 individual insects per day. It is also suitable for preparing samples for electrophoretic analysis. In the present study samples were loaded onto electrophoresis gels rapidly and accurately by using an eight-channel multi-pipette.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Brookes, C. P., and Loxdale, H. D. (1985). A device for simultaneously homogenising numbers of individual small insects for electrophoresis.Bull. Entomol. Res. 75377.
Devonshire, A. L., and Moores, G. D. (1982). A carboxylesterase with broad substrate specificity causes organophosphorus, carbamate and pyrethroid resistance in peach-potato aphidsMyzus persicae.Pest. Biochem. Physiol. 18235.
Devonshire, A. L., and Moores, G. D. (1983). Effect of endogenous protease activity on sodium dodecyl sulphate electrophoresis of homogenates of peach-potato aphids (Myzus persicae, Sulz.).J. Chromatogr. 280194.
Devonshire, A. L., Moores, G. D., and ffrench-Constant, R. H. (1986). Detection of insecticide resistance by immunological estimation of carboxylesterase activity inMyzus persicae (Sulzer) and cross reaction of the antiserum withPhorodon humuli (Schrank) (Hemiptera: Aphididae).Bull. Entomol. Res. 7697.
ffrench-Constant, R. H., and Devonshire, A. L. (1986a). Effect of different insecticides on the selection and control of highly resistantMyzus persicae, Proceedings, 9th British Insecticide and Fungicide Conference, 1986, Vol. 1, p. 361.
ffrench-Constant, R. H., and Devonshire, A. L. (1986b). Effect of aphid immigration on the rate of selection of insecticide resistance inMyzus persicae by different classes of insecticide.Aspects Appl. Biol. 13115.
ffrench-Constant, R. H., Devonshire, A. L., and Clark, S. J. (1987). Differential rate of selection for resistance by carbamate, organophosphorus and combined pyrethroid and organophosphorus insecticides inMyzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae).Bull. Entomol. Res. 77227.
Loxdale, H. D., Tarr, I. J., Weber, C. P., Brookes, C. P., and Digby, P. G. N. (1985). Electrophoretic study of enzymes from cereal aphid populations. III. Spatial and temporal genetic variation of populations ofSitobion avenae (F.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae).Bull. Entomol. Res. 75121.
Mort, M. A., and Wolf, H. G. (1985). Enzyme variability in large lakeDaphnia populations.Heredity 5527.
Ross, G. J. S. (1970). The efficient use of function minimisation in non-linear maximum likelihood estimation.Appl. Stat. 19205.
Ross, G. J. S. (1975). Simple non-linear modelling for the general user. InProceedings, 40th Session of the International Statistical Institute, 2 International Statistics Institute, Warsaw, p. 585.
Sawicki, R. M., Devonshire, A. L., Farnham, A. W., O'Dell, K. E., Moores, G. D., and Denholm, I. (1984). Factors affecting resistance to insecticide in house-flies,Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae). II. Close linkage on autosome 2 between an esterase and resistance to trichlorphon and pyrethroids.Bull. Entomol. Res. 74197.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
R. H. ffrench-Constant was supported by an AFRC studentship.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
ffrench-Constant, R.H., Devonshire, A.L. A multiple homogenizer for rapid sample preparation in immunoassays and electrophoresis. Biochem Genet 25, 493–499 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00554351
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00554351