Abstract
In a percentage of laboratory bred Glossina infected with Trypanosoma congolense or T. vivax, trypanosomes colonized the cibarium as well as the midgut and/or the proboscis. Field-caught tsetse flies also had T. congolense and T. vivax cibarial infections. T. congolense cibarial infections occurred in all species of Glossina examined: G. tachinoides, G. palpalis palpalis, G. morsitans morsitans and G. m. submorsitans. T. vivax was only found in the cibarium of G. tachinoides. Trypanosomes were firmly attached in the cibarium, as shown by scanning electron microscopy. Two field-caught G. tachinoides were also discovered to have only cibarial infections, presumably of T. vivax. More information is required on the occurrence of cibarial infections in Glossina, especially in the field. It is suggested that examination of the cibarium should be carried out as part of the routine dissection of tsetse flies in the field.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bruce, Hamerton AE, Bateman HR, Mackie FP, Bruce M (1911) Further researches on the development of Trypanosoma vivax in laboratory bred Glossina palpalis. Rep Sleep Sick Comm Roy Soc 11:50–54
Hoare CA (1972) The trypanosomes of mammals. A zoological monograph. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford
Jefferies D (1984) Transmission of disease by haematophagous arthopods: host-parasite interactions and fluid mechanics. PhD Thesis, University of Salford, UK
Jenni L, Molyneux DH, Livesey JL, Galun R (1980) Feeding behaviour of tsetse flies infected with salivarian trypanosomes. Nature 283:383–385
Lee RMKW (1974) Structure and function of the fascicular stylets and the labral and cibarial sense organs of male and female Aedes aegypti (L) (Diptera, Culicidae). Quaest Entomol 10:187–215
Leeflang P, Buys J, Blotkamp C (1976) Studies on Trypanosoma vivax: infectivity and serial maintenance of natural isolates in mice. Int J Parasitol 6:413–417
Lloyd L, Johnson WB (1924) The trypanosome infections of tsetse flies in Northern Nigeria and a new method of their estimation. Bull Ent Res 14:265–288
Ryan L, Molyneux DH (1980) Construction details of the Challier Laveisiere biconical trap. In: Isotope and radiation research on animal diseases and their vectors. Proceedings of IAEA symposium, 7–11 May, 1979. IAEA Vienna
Young CJ, Godfrey DG (1983) Enzyme polymorphism and the distribution of Trypanosoma congolense isolates. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 77:467–481
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jefferies, D., Helfrich, M.P. & Molyneux, D.H. Cibarial infections of Trypanosoma vivax and T. congolense in Glossina . Parasitol Res 73, 289–292 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00531079
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00531079