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Valency structures for N2O4

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Abstract

Two alternative sets of valency structures are suggested for N2O4. They arise because its wave function can be expanded as a linear combination of either orthogonal or non-orthogonal basis functions. These bases imply varying amounts of delocalization of oxygen lone-pair electrons into an antibonding orbital between the nitrogen atoms. The non-orthogonal expansion implies fewer significant structures, the most important of which is covalent and apparently violates the octet rule for first row elements. This structure, however, better describes the NO bonds than do three covalent structures which have considerable weight arising from the orthogonal expansion.

Zusammenfassung

Zwei SÄtze von Valenzstrukturen werden für N2O4 angenommen. Sie entstehen dadurch, da\ seine Wellenfunktion als Linearkombination von entweder zueinder orthogonalen oder nicht orthogonalen Basisfunktionen dargestellt werden kann. Diese Darstellungen bedingen unterschiedlich starke Delokalisierung von Elektronen aus einsamen Elektronenpaaren am Sauerstoff in ein antibindendes Orbital zwischen den Stickstoffatomen. Die nicht orthogonale Darstellung enthÄlt weniger Strukturen von Gewicht, von denen die wichtigste eine kovalente ist und scheinbar die Oktettregel für die Elemente der ersten Periode verletzt. Diese Struktur beschreibt jedoch die NO-Bindung besser als drei kovalente Strukturen, die aus der orthogonalen Darstellung mit wesentlichem Gewicht resultieren.

Résumé

Nous représentons le N2O4 par deux jeux alternatifs de structures en composant sa fonction d'onde linéairement de fonctions de base orthogonales au premier cas, non-orthogonales à l'autre. Ces bases impliquent de délocalisations différentes d'électrons de paires libres d'oxygène en dedans d'une orbitale antiliante entre les nitrogènes. Le développement nonorthogonale implique moins de structures importantes; celle à poids maximal est covalente et semble manquer à la règle d'octet pour la première période. Mais elle décrit mieux les liaisons NO que le font trois structures à poids considérable dans le développement orthogonal.

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Additional information

I should like to express my gratitude to Professor R. D. Brown for much useful discussion and originally suggesting the problem, to Dr. C. G. Barraclough for reading the manuscript, and to the University of Melbourne for a Junior Research Fellowship.

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Harcourt, R.D. Valency structures for N2O4 . Theoret. Chim. Acta 2, 437–452 (1964). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00526594

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00526594

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