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Chemical applications of topology and group theory

VI. Polyhedral water networks in clathrates and semiclathrates

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Abstract

Possible convex polyhedra for three-dimensional water networks in clathrate and semiclathrate hydrates are discussed in this paper. All such polyhedra have all vertices of order three. Therefore, the number of vertices (v), edges (e), and faces (f) must satisfy the equalities e=3v/2 and f=(4+v)/2. Possible polyhedra of this type with exclusively quadrilateral, pentagonal, and hexagonal faces and with up to 18 faces are examined. Many of these polyhedra are duals of various triangulated coordination polyhedra studied in previous papers of this series. In order to minimize angular strain, polyhedra with the maximum number of pentagonal faces are favored for water networks in clathrate and semiclathrate hydrates subject to the presence of sufficiently large cavities to accommodate the guest molecule.

Zusammenfassung

In dieser Arbeit werden mögliche konvexe Polyeder für dreidimensionale Wasser-Netzwerke in Klathrat- und Semiklathrathydraten diskutiert. Daher muß die Anzahl der Scheitelpunkte (v), Kanten (e) und Flächen (f) den Gleichungen e=3v – und f=(4+v) – genügen. Es werden mögliche Polyeder dieses Typs mit bis zu 18 Flächen, die ausschließlich quadrilateral, pentagonal und hexagonal sein sollen, untersucht. Viele dieser Polyeder sind Zwillinge von verschiedenen, aus Dreiecken zusammengesetzten Koordinationspolyedern, die in früheren Arbeiten dieser Reihe untersucht wurden. Um die Winkeldeformation auf ein Mindestmaß zurückzuführen, werden im Falle von Wassernetzwerken in Klathrat- und Semiklathrathydraten Polyeder mit der maximalen Anzahl von pentagonalen Flächen bevorzugt, weil so ausreichend große Hohlräume zur Aufnahme des Gastmoleküls entstehen.

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King, R.B. Chemical applications of topology and group theory. Theoret. Chim. Acta 25, 309–318 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00526562

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