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On the effects of blastomogenic substances on the organism during embryogenesis

Über einige Formen der Wirkung von geschwulsterzeugenden Stoffen auf den Organismus während der Endogenese

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Zusammenfassung

Versuche zeigten, daß manche der carcinogenen Nitrose-Verbindungen (Alkylnitrosoanilin und Alkylnitrosourea) verschiedene Mißbildungen in Ratten-Embryonen erzeugten, wenn sie während der einzelnen Stadien der Organgenese verabreicht wurden. Allderdings wurde ein Parallelismus zwischen cancirogener und teratogener Wirkung nicht immer beobachtet, da manche sehr wirksame Carcinogene, die polycyclischen Kohlenwasserstoffe und symmetrischen Dialkylnitrosamine keine Mißbildungen hervorriefen. In Versuchen mit 1,2,5,6-Dibenzanthracen, Urethan und Äthylnitrosoharnstoff ist die hohe Empfindlichkeit der embryonalen Gewebe gegenüber diesen Stoffen offensichtlich. Ein Organotropismus der cancerogenen Stoffe, wie er bei erwachsenen Tieren zu beobachten ist, kann im allgemeinen auch während des pränatalen Lebens nachgewiesen werden. In 17 aufeinanderfolgenden Generationen zeigten Ratten Veränderungen in der Empfindlichkeit gegenüber der Wirkung von 6-Methylthiouracil, welches Schilddrüsentumoren erzeugte. Die Faktoren, welche die embryotoxische, teratogene und onkogene Reaktion des Embryos bestimmen, werden analysiert, sowie das Risiko einer Geschwulstenstehung als Ergebnis einer pränatalen Einwirkung.

Summary

Experiments showed that some carcinogenic nitroso-compounds (alkylnitrosoanilines and alkyl-nitrosoureas) induced different malformations in rat embryos when applied at stages of organogenesis. However, the parallelism between carcinogenic and teratogenic activity was not always observed. Potent carcinogens failing to produce malformations were polycyclic hydrocarbons and symmetrical dialkylnitrosamines. In experiments with 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene, urethan and ethylnitrosourea the sensitivity of the embryonic tissues to carcinogenic effect of these substances is evident. Organotropism of oncogenic substances, as observed in the adult animal, is generally also demonstrable after application during prenatal life. Rats in 17 subsequent generations showed alterations in sensitivity to the action of 6-methylthiouracil which induces thyroid tumours. Factors are analyzed which might determine the embryotoxic, teratogenic and blastomogenic reactions of the embryo and the risk of blastomogenesis due to prenatal action of carcinogenic substances.

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  1. Laboratory of Experimental Tumours of the N. N. Petrov Research Institute of Oncology of the USSR Ministry of Public Health, Leningrad, U.S.S.R.

    N. P. Napalkov & V. A. Alexandrov

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  1. N. P. Napalkov
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  2. V. A. Alexandrov
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Napalkov, N.P., Alexandrov, V.A. On the effects of blastomogenic substances on the organism during embryogenesis. Z Krebs-forsch 71, 32–50 (1968). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00524500

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