Abstract
The highly active esterases A′ and B that cannot be dissociated from OP resistance in Culex pipiens from France and California are shown to have equivalent K m values (2.1×10−6 m/min/mosquito) but different turnover rates (V m =2.13 and 0.57×10−6 m/min/mosquito, respectively) and pH for maximum activity. Both enzymes have broad substrate specificities and at least one, esterase A′, can hydrolyze OP insecticides. In addition, esterases A′ and B are coded by two closely linked genes, Est-3 and Est-2, respectively (0.67 unit of crossing over), located on the same autosome as pl, a locus attributed to linkage group III. The estimated distance between Est-2 and pl was 9.4 units.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Barr, A. R., Cajaiba, A. C. I., Carvalho, W. M. P., and Santos, J. M. (1974). Translocations, inversions and correlation of linkage groups to chromosomes in the mosquito Culex pipiens fatigans. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 16837.
Curtis, C. F., and Pasteur, N. (1981). Organophosphate resistance in vector populations of the Culex pipiens complex. Bull. Entomol. Res. 71153.
de Stordeur, E. (1976). Esterases in the mosquito Culex pipiens pipiens: Formal genetics and polymorphism of adult esterases. Biochem. Genet. 14481.
Dorval, C., and Brown, A. W. A. (1970). Inheritance of resistance to fenthion in Culex pipiens fatigans Wied. W.H.O. Bull. 43727.
Gargan, T. P., and Barr, A. R. (1977). Inheritance of an esterase locus in Culex pipiens. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 70402.
Georghiou, G. P., and Pasteur, N. (1978). Electrophoretic pattern in insecticide resistant and susceptible mosquitoes. J. Econ. Entomol. 71201.
Georghiou, G. P., and Pasteur, N. (1980). Organophosphate resistance and esterase pattern in a natural population of Culex quinquefasciatus Say from California. J. Econ. Entomol. 73489.
Georghiou, G. P., Pasteur, N., and Hawley, M. K. (1980). Linkage relationships between organophosphate resistance and a highly active Esterase-B in Culex quinquefasciatus from California. J. Econ. Entomol. 73301.
Guptavanij, P., and Barr, A. R. (1979). Plum-eye, a marker for the third linkage group in Culex pipiens (Diptera:Culicidae). J. Med. Entomol. 16219.
Pasteur, N. (1977). Recherches de Génétique chez Culex pipiens pipiens L. Polymorphisme Enzymatique, Autogénèse et Résistance aux Insecticides Organophosphorés Thèse de Doctorat d'Etat, Université de Montpellier II, Montpellier, France.
Pasteur, N., and de Stordeur, E. (1976). L'α-glycerophosphate-déshydrogénase du moustique Culex pipiens pipiens L: Genètique formelle, linkage et étude de populations. Genetica 46319.
Pasteur, N., and Georghiou, G. P. (1981). “Filter paper test” for rapid determination of high esterase activity phenotypes in organophosphate-resistant mosquitoes. Mosq. News 41181.
Pasteur, N., and Sinègre, G. (1975). Esterase polymorphism and sensitivty to Dursban organophosphorus insecticide in Culex pipiens pipiens populations. Biochem. Genet. 13789.
Pasteur, N., and Sinègre, G. (1978). Chlorpyrifos (Dursban®) resistance in Culex pipiens pipiens L. from southern France: Inheritance and linage. Experientia 34709.
Pasteur, N., Sinègre, G., and Gabinaud, A. (1980). Est-2 and Est-3 polymorphisms in Culex pipiens from southern France in relation to organophosphate resistance. Biochem. Genet. 19(5/6) (in press).
Selander, R. K., Smith, M. H., Yang, S. Y., Johnson, W. E., and Gentry, J. B. (1971). Biochemical polymorphism in the genus Peromyscus. Stud. Genet. Univ. Tex. Publ. 710349.
Tadano, T. (1969). Genetical linkage of malathion-resistance in Culex pipiens L. Japan. J. Exp. Med. 3913.
Tadano, T. (1970). Genetics of cross-resistance to organophosphates, Abate, fenitrothion, and malathion in larvae of Culex pipiens pallens Coquillett. Japan. J. Exp. Med. 4059.
Yasutomi, K. (1970). Studies on organophosphate-resistance and esterase activity in the mosquitoes of the Culex pipiens group I. Japan. J. Sanit. Zool. 2141.
Yasutomi, K. (1971). Studies on diazinon-resistance and esterase activity in Culex tritaeniorhynchus L. Japan. J. Saint. Zool. 228.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
These studies were supported by Special State Funds for Mosquito Control Research appropriated annually by the California Legislature.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Pasteur, N., Iseki, A. & Georghiou, G.P. Genetic and biochemical studies of the highly active esterases A′ and B associated with organophosphate resistance in mosquitoes of the Culex pipiens complex. Biochem Genet 19, 909–919 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00504256
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00504256