Summary
By applying photographic, electrical conductivity, and electrooptical methods, the transverse variation of bubble size and velocity, the local gas hold up, and the local specific gas/liquid interfacial area were estimated in a bench scale bubble-column bioreactor containing model cultivation media. The liquid velocity profile, the transverse turbulence intensity variations, and the turbulence energy dissipation scale were also measured by a hot film turbulence probe and constant temperature anemometer technique.
A significant relationship was found between the two-phase flow fluid dynamical state and the transverse variation of the various properties.
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Abbreviations
- M:
-
mass
- L:
-
length
- T:
-
time
- a′:
-
gas/liquid interfacial area L2
- \(\frac{{a'}}{V}\) :
-
specific gas/liquid interfacial area with regard to the bubbling layer volume L−1
- D:
-
transverse coordinate (measured from the wall of the column) L
- d:
-
bubble diameter L
- d:
-
mean bubble diameter L
- de :
-
dynamic equilibrium (maximum stable) bubble diameter L
- dp :
-
primary bubble diameter L
- ds :
-
Sauter bubble diameter L
- Eσ:
-
specific energy dissipation rate with regard to the volume of the liquid ML−1T−3
- EσVL :
-
energy dissipation rate ML2T−3
- \(E = \frac{{E\rho }}{\rho }\) :
-
, since σ=1 g/cm3, E has the same numerical value as Eσ. Therefore, the symbol E is used everywhere in the present paper for Eσ for simplicity and called energy dissipation rate (S.s−2=Stokes.s−2) L2T−3
- EG or \(\varepsilon _G \) :
-
local relative gas holdup
- f (r):
-
cross correlation function
- g:
-
acceleration of gravity LT−2
- h:
-
longitudinal distance from the aerator L
- \(I = u'/\overline u \) :
-
relative turbulence intensity
- NO :
-
number of u andū crossings T−1
- nB :
-
bubble frequency T−1
- r:
-
distance between two points 1 and 2 of the cross correlation function L
- t:
-
time
- u:
-
instantaneous liquid velocity LT−1
- ū:
-
mean liquid velocity LT−1
- \(\overline {u^2 } \) :
-
mean square fluctuation velocity L2T−2
- \(u' = \sqrt {u^2 } \) :
-
turbulence intensity LT−1
- wSG :
-
superficial gas velocity LT−1
- wSL :
-
superficial liquid velocity LT−1
- \(\varepsilon _G \) or EG :
-
local relative gas holdup LT−1
- λ:
-
energy dissipation scale L
- ν:
-
kinematic liquid viscosity L2T−1
- σ:
-
liquid density M L−3
- δ:
-
surface tension M T−2
- τ:
-
dynamic turbulence pressure M L−1T−2
- p:
-
primary (at the aerator)
- e:
-
equilibrium (far from the aerator)
References
Bernhauer R (1971) Dissertation TU Berlin
Hogrefe W (1977) Diplomarbeit TU Hannover
Jekat H (1975) Dissertation TU München
Riquarts HP, Pilhofer Th (1978) Vt. Verfahrenstechnik 12:77
Schumpe A, Deckwer WD (1978) Chem Ing Techn 50:630 (MS 611/78)
Serizawa A, Katoaka I, Michiyoshi I (1975) Int J Multiphase Flow 2:235
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Buchholz, R., Adler, I. & Schügerl, K. Investigation of the structure of two-phase flow model-media in bubble-column bioreactors. European J. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 7, 241–249 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00498018
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00498018