Abstract
Inheritance of gliadin components unique to three different varieties of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was studied in F1 and F2 seeds of intervarietal crosses using protein patterns obtained by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in aluminum lactate buffer (pH 3.2). The patterns of F1 seeds of the crosses Cheyenne × Justin and INIA 66R × Justin evidenced all the bands present in the patterns of the parents; band intensities reflected gene dosage levels dependent on whether the contributing parent was maternal or paternal in accordance with the triploid nature of endosperm tissue. Most of the gliadin components examined segregated in accordance with control by a single dominant gene, but in two instances single bands in the one-dimensional electrophoretic patterns segregated in the F2 as expected if controlled by two genes. A method of two-dimensional electrophoresis was developed that resolved these apparently single bands into two components each, which could segregate independently. Linkage analysis provided evidence of codominant alleles and closely linked genes coding for gliadin protein components in both coupling and repulsion situations. The gliadin protein components seem to be coded for by clusters of genes located on chromosomes of homoeologous groups 1 and 6 in hexaploid wheats.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Allard, R. W. (1956). Formulas and tables to facilitate the calculations of recombination values in heredity. Hilgardia 24235.
Autran, J.-C., and Bourdet, A. (1975). L'identification des variétes de blé: Etablissement d'un tableau général de détermination fondé sur le diagramme électrophorétique des gliadins du grain. Ann. Amélior. Plantes 25277.
Bernardin, J. E., Kasarda, D. D., and Mecham, D. K. (1967). Preparation and characterization of α-gliadin. J. Biol. Chem. 242445.
Bietz, J. A., and Wall, J. S. (1972). Wheat gluten subunits: Molecular weights determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Cereal Chem. 49416.
Booth, M. R., and Ewart, J. A. D. (1969). Studies on four components of wheat gliadins. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 181226.
Bourdet, A., Feillet, P., and Mettavant, F. (1963). Sur le comportement électrophorétique de prolamines du blé en gel d'amidon. C. R. Acad. Sci. Ser. D 2564517.
Doekes, G. J. (1973). Inheritance of gliadin composition in bread wheat, Triticum aestivum L. Euphytica 2228.
Elton, G. A. H., and Ewart, J. A. D. (1962). Starch-gel electrophoresis of cereal proteins. J. Sci. Fd. Agr. 1362.
Favret, E. A., Solari, R., Maughers, L., and Avila, A. (1969). Genetic control of the qualitative and quantitative production of endosperm proteins in wheat and barley. In Proceedings Panel Meeting on New Approaches to Breeding for Plant Protein Improvement International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, p. 87.
Goodenough, U., and Levine, R. P. (1974). Genetics Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, New York.
Kasarda, D. D., Bernardin, J. E., and Nimmo, C. C. (1976a). Wheat proteins. In Pomeranz, Y. (ed.), Advances in Cereal Science and Technology, American Association of Cereal Chemists, St. Paul, Minn., p. 610.
Kasarda, D. D., Bernardin, J. E., and Qualset, C. O. (1976b). Relationship of gliadin protein components to chromosomes in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 733646.
Konarev, V. G., and Khoroshaylov, N. G. (ed.) (1976). Determination of the Authenticity and Varietal Purity of Wheat Seeds Based on the Electrophoretic Spectrum of Gliadin (Procedural Directions and Catalog of Varietal Formulae) Publication of the All-Union N.I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Industry, Leningrad, U.S.S.R.
Lawrence, J. M., Liu, S.-C., and Grant, D. R. (1970). Dye-binding capacity and amino acid content of wheat-protein gel-electrophoresis bands. Cereal Chem. 47110.
Lee, J. W., and Ronalds, J. A. (1967). Effect of environment on wheat gliadin. Nature 213844.
Platt, S. G., Kasarda, D. D., and Qualset, C. O. (1974). Varietal relationships of the α-gliadin proteins in wheat. J. Sci. Fd. Agr. 251555.
Shepherd, K. W. (1968). Chromosomal control of endosperm proteins in wheat and rye. In Finlay, K. W., and Shepherd, K. W. (eds.), Proceedings of the Third International Wheat Genetics Symposium Australian Academy of Science, Canberra, p. 86.
Solari, R. M., and Favret, E. A. (1970). Chromosome localization of genes for protein synthesis in wheat endosperm. Biol. Genet. Inst. Fitotec. Castelar 723.
Solari, R. M., and Favret, E. A. (1971). Polymorphism in endosperm proteins of barley and its genetic control. In Nilan, A. (ed.), Barley Genetics II (Proc. 2nd Int. Symp. 1969) Washington State University Press, Pullman, Wash., p. 23.
Sozinov, A. A., Poperelya, F. A., and Stakanova, A. I. (1974). Use of electrophoresis of gliadin for selection of wheat by quality Vestn. Sel's Kokhoz. Nauki (Moscow) 799. Chem. Abst. 81:166298.
Wrigley, C. W. (1970). Protein mapping by combined gel electrofocusing and electrophoresis: Application to the study of genotypic variations in wheat gliadins. Biochem. Genet. 4509.
Wrigley, C. W., and Shepherd, K. W. (1973). Electrofocusing of grain proteins from wheat genotypes. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 209154.
Wrigley, C. W., and Shepherd, K. W. (1974). Identification of Australian wheat cultivars by laboratory procedures: Examination of pure samples of grain. Aust. J. Exp. Agr. Anim. Husb. 14796.
Wu, Y. V., Cluskey, J. E., and Sexson, K. R. (1967). Effect of ionic strength on the molecular weight and conformation of wheat gluten proteins in 3 M urea solutions. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 13383.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Reference to a company or product name does not imply approval by the U.S. Department of Agriculture to the exclusion of others which may also be suitable.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mecham, D.K., Kasarda, D.D. & Qualset, C.O. Genetic aspects of wheat gliadin proteins. Biochem Genet 16, 831–853 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00484739
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00484739