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The metal — Metal interactions in biological systems Part III. Daphnia magna

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Abstract

The toxicity of single metal ions: Al, Co(II), Cr(III), Cu(II), Fe(III), Mg, Mn(II), Mo(VI), Ni(II), Se(VI), V(V) and Zn and the following pairs of them: Al-Co, Al-Mg, Al-Mo, Al-Se, Al-Zn, Cr-Co, Cr-Mg, Cr-Mo, Cr-Se, Cr-Zn, Cu-Co, Cu-Mg, Cu-Mo, Cu-Se, Cu-Zn, Fe-Co, Fe-Mg, Fe-Mo, Fe-Se, Fe-Zn, Mn-Co, Mn-Mg, Mn-Mo, Mn-Se, Mn-Zn, Ni-Co, Ni-Mg, Ni-Mo, Ni-Se, Ni-Zn, V-Co, V-Mg, V-Mo, V-Se, V-Zn, Zn-Co, Zn-Mg, Zn-Mo, and Zn-Se on Daphnia magna was examined. The most prominent antagonism in the toxicity was observed in the following ion pairs: Al-Mo(VI), Cr(III)-Co(II), Cr(III)-Mg, Cr(III)-Mo(VI), Cr(III)-Se(VI), Cr(III)-Zn, Fe(III)-Se(VI), Mn(II)-Mg, Mn(II-Se(VI), Zn-Mg and Zn-Mo(VI). The strong synergism was found for the following ion systems: Cr(III)-Se(VI), Cr(III)-Zn, Fe(III)-Se(VI), Mn(II)-Zn, Mn(II)-Se(VI), Ni(II)-Co(II), Ni(II)-Mo(VI), Ni(II)-Se(VI), Ni(II)-Zn, V(V)-Co(II), V(V)-Mo(VI), V(V)- Se(VI), and V(V)-Zn. Synergism and antagonism in toxicity were dependent on water hardness as well as on the ion concentration. Adaptive procesess of the animals to the toxic environment could also be observed. Thus, the toxicity of the single ions and their pairs was not linear with respect to time.

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Author notes

  1. Piotr Tomasik

    Present address: Department of Chemistry and Physics, Academy of Agriculture, Mickiewicz Ave., 24/28, 30 059, Cracow, Poland

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemistry Department, University of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box MP 167, Harare, Zimbabwe

    Piotr Tomasik & Sungano Mhizha

  2. Lake Kariba Research Station, University of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box 48, Kariba, Zimbabwe

    Christopher H. D. Magadza & Alfred Chirume

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  1. Piotr Tomasik
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Tomasik, P., Magadza, C.H.D., Mhizha, S. et al. The metal — Metal interactions in biological systems Part III. Daphnia magna . Water Air Soil Pollut 82, 695–711 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00479420

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