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Carpal tunnel syndrome

Anatomical and clinical investigation

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Summary

The anatomy of the carpal tunnel was studied by postmortem dissection of both wrists in ten adults with normal wrists. Preoperative clinical and EMG examinations were performed on 28 wrists in 23 patients suffering from carpal tunnel syndrome. Anatomical and histological studies were made in connection with operation, and postoperatively the condition was followed clinically and by EMG. Numbness, tingling, and pain of the hands were markedly relieved during 2 months of follow-up, whereas clumsiness and weakness showed no significant change. Preoperatively, EMG showed sensory abnormalities in 96% of cases and motoric abnormalities in 82%. The diagnostic accuracy of EMG was good, in particular as regards the sensory aspect. The return to normal of EMG was slow. Pathoanatomical examination showed a normal tendon sheath and transverse carpal ligament in 52%, while rheuma was found in the specimens of 12%, fibrosis of the tendon sheath in 36%, and fibrosis of the transverse carpal ligament in 32%. No correlation was observed between the shape of the osseous carpal tunnel and the degree of clinical symptoms.

Zusammenfassung

Anhand von Autopsien bei 10 Erwachsenen (20 Gelenke) mit normalen Handgelenken wurde die Anatomie des Karpaltunnels untersucht. Bei 23 Patienten (28 Gelenke) mit Karpaltunnelsyndrom wurde präoperativ neben der klinischen Untersuchung ein EMG abgeleitet. Anatomische und histologische Studien wurden im Zusammenhang mit der Operation durchgeführt, postoperativ erfolgte die Kontrolle des EMG-Befundes. Im Ergebnis der Operation waren nach 2monatiger postoperativer Beobachtungszeit Hypästhesie, Parästhesie und Schmerz erheblich vermindert, während Störungen der Feinmotorik sowie Muskelschwäche keine signifikanten Veränderungen zeigten. Das präoperative EMG ergab sensible Störungen in 96% und motorische Störungen in 82% der Fälle. Das EMG erwies sich besonders bezüglich der Sensibilität als diagnostisch zuverlässig. Die Normalisierung des EMG-Befundes erfolgte langsam. Das Ergebnis der pathologisch-anatomischen Untersuchung des peritendinösen Syniovialgewebes sowie des Ligamentum carpi transversum war bei 52% normal, Rheuma wurde bei 12% der Präparate gefunden, Fibrosis des Sehnengleitgewebes bei 36%, Fibrosis des Ligamentum carpi transversum bei 32%. Zwischen der Form des knöchernen Karpaltunnels und dem Schweregrad der klinischen Symptome konnte kein Zusammenhang festgestellt werden.

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Pätiälä, H., Rokkanen, P., Kruuna, O. et al. Carpal tunnel syndrome. Arch. Orth. Traum. Surg. 104, 69–73 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00454239

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00454239

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