Abstract
Responding of pigeons was maintained under a multiple fixed interval, fixed ratio schedule of food delivery, and 10 mg/kg morphine was administered daily. Responding during both schedule components was initially decreased and measureable tolerance developed to this effect after four daily injections. However, the rate of tolerance development differed depending on whether or not presence of the drug conicided with performance during experimental sessions. Tolerance developed more rapidly when morphine was given before daily experimental sessions than when morphine was given daily but animals did not perform daily in experimental sessions. Tolerance to the rate-decreasing effects of morphine depended on relations between presence of the drug and exposure to experimental sessions.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
References
Campbell, J., Seiden, L. S.: Performance influence on the development of tolerance to amphetamine. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 1, 703–708 (1973)
Elsmore, T. F.: The role of reinforcement loss in tolerance to chronic delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol effects on operant behavior of rhesus monkeys. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 5, 123–128 (1976)
Ferster, C. B., Skinner, B. F.: Schedules of reinforcement. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts 1957
Kayan, S., Ferguson, R. K., Mitchell, C. L.: An investigation of pharmacologic and behavioral tolerance to morphine in rats. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 185, 300–306 (1973)
Manning, F. J.: Chronic delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol. Transient and lasting effects on avoidance behavior. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 4, 17–21 (1976)
Murray, T. F., Craigmill, A. L., Fischer, G. J.: Pharmacological and behavioral components of tolerance to LSD and mescaline in rats. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 7, 239–244 (1977)
Pearl, R. G., Seiden, L. S.: The existence of tolerance to and crosstolerance between d-amphetamine and methylphenidate for their effects on milk consumption and on differential reinforcement-of-low rate performance in the rat. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 198, 635–647 (1976)
Schuster, C. R., Dockens, W. S., Woods, J. H.: Behavioral variables affecting the development of amphetamine tolerance. Psychopharmacologia 9, 170–182 (1966)