Abstract
Rats pretreated with l-α-methyltyrosine (AMT) and then given pairings of saccharin drinking and morphine infusion subsequently showed a reduced preference for saccharin over water, when compared with control rats. Control conditions were AMT pretreatment with saccharin-saline pairings, saline pretreatment with saccharin-morphine pairings, and saline pretreatment with saccharin-saline pairings. A second experiment also showed significantly greater saccharin aversion with morphine-infused, AMT-pretreated rats than with saline-infused, AMT-pretreated rats although the morphine dosage was lower than that used in Experiment 1. These results suggest that morphine is aversive to rats that have been treated with AMT.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Babbini, M., Davis, W. M.: Time-dosage relationships in the locomotor activity effects of morphine after acute or repeated administration. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 46, 213–224 (1972).
Berger, B. D.: Conditioning of food aversion by psychoactive drugs. J. comp. physiol. Psychol. 81, 21–26 (1972).
Brackbill, R. M., Rosenbush, S. N., Brookshire, K. H.: Acquisition and retention of conditioned taste aversion as a function of the taste quality of the CS. Learning and Motivation 2, 341–350 (1971).
Bradley, R. M., Mistretta, C. M.: Intravascular taste in rats as demonstrated by conditioned aversion to sodium saccharin. J. comp. physiol. Psychol. 75, 186–189 (1971).
Cappell, H., LeBlanc, A. E.: Conditioned aversion to saccharin by single administrations of mescaline and d-amphetamine. Psychopharmacologia (Berl.) 22, 352–356 (1971).
Davis, W. M., Babbini, M., Coussens, W. R., Smith, S. G., Crowder, W. F.: Inhibition of behavioral effects of morphine by α-methyltyrosine (AMT). Pharmacologist 13, 280 (1971).
Davis, W. M., Babbini, M., Khalsa, J. H.: Antagonism by alpha-methyltyrosine of morphine induced motility in non-tolerant and tolerant rats. Res. Comm. cham. Path. Pharmacol. 4, 267–279 (1972).
Davis, W. M., Smith, S. G.: Blocking of morphine based behavioral reinforcement by alpha-methyltyrosine. Life Sci. (in press).
Davis, W. M., Smith, S. G., Crowder, W. F.: Morphine based conditioned reinforcement. Paper presented to Fifth Int. Congr. Pharmacol., July 1972; abstracts of meeting, p. 52.
Dragoin, W., McCleary, G. E., McCleary, P.: A comparison of two methods of measuring conditioned taste aversions. Behav. Res. Meth. Instrum. 3, 309–310 (1971).
Elsmore, T. F., Fletcher, G. V.: δ 9-Tetrahydrocannabinol: Aversive effects in rat at high doses. Science 175, 911–912 (1972).
Garcia, J., Koelling, R. A.: A comparison of aversion induced by X-rays, drugs, and toxins. Radiat. Res., Suppl. 7, 439–450 (1967).
Hargrave, G. E., Bolles, R. C.: Rat's aversion to flavors following induced illness. Psychon. Sci. 23, 91–92 (1971).
Kayan, S., Woods, L. A., Mitchell, C. L.: Morphine-induced hyperalgesia in rats treated on the hot plate. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 177, 509–513 (1971).
Nachman, M.: Learned taste and temperature aversions due to lithium chloride sickness after temperal delays. J. comp. physiol. Psychol. 73, 22–30 (1970).
Pickens, R., Harris, W. C.: Self-administration of d-amphetamine by rats. Psychopharmacologia (Berl.) 12, 158–163 (1968).
Rozin, P., Kalat, J. W.: Specific hungers and poison avoidance as adaptive specializations of learning. Psychol. Rev. 78, 459–486 (1971).
Siegel, S.: Nonparametric statistics for the behavioral sciences. New York: McGraw Hill 1956.
Spector, S., Sjoerdsma, A., Udenfriend, S.: Blockade of endogenous norepinephrine synthesis by α-methyl-tyrosine, an inhibitor of tyrosine hydroxylase. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 147, 86–95 (1965).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This research was supported in part by U.S. Public Health Service Grant MH 13570-03.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Coussens, W.R., Crowder, W.F. & Davis, W.M. Morphine induced saccharin aversion in α-methyltyrosine pretreated rats. Psychopharmacologia 29, 151–157 (1973). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00422647
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00422647