Skip to main content
Log in

Learning spatial sequences in unilateral neglect

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Psychological Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Brain-damaged patients with unilateral spatial neglect ignore aspects of the world located on the side opposite their lesion. In the present study we examined the performance of unilateral neglect patients (UN) on an SRT task in which a hybrid repeating sequence (21313) was used. We analyzed the patients' performance for each location separately as a function of the target's location in the trial preceding the response. The UN patients were severely limited in their learning of the sequence when compared to normal controls. In particular, they appeared to learn unique associations (21 and 13) but not ambiguous ones (31 and 32). We discuss two possible explanations for this phenomenon. The first is that UN patients show a deficit similar to that of normal subjects in dual task situations. The second is that the learning deficit is unique to spatial processing impairments of UN patients and is not directly related to research with normal population. We outline future research that may distinguish between these two explanations.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bender, M. B. (1952). Disorders in perception. Springfield, IL: C. C. Thomas.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berti, A., Allport A., Driver, J., Dieners, Z., Oxbury, J., & Oxbury, S. (1992). Levels of processing for visual stimuli in an “extinguished” field. Neuropsychologia, 30, 403–415.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bisiach, E., & Luzzatti, C. (1978). Unilateral neglect of representational space. Cortex, 14, 129–133.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, A., Ivry, R. I., & Keele, S. W. (1990). Attention and structure in sequence learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16, 17–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, A., Ivry, R. B., Rafal, R. D., & Kohn, C. (1995). Activating response codes by stimuli in the neglected visual field. Neuropsychology, 2, 165–173.

    Google Scholar 

  • Curran, T. (1995). On the neural mechanisms of sequence learning. Psyche, 2(12), URL: http://psyche.cs.monash.edu.au/volume21/psyche-95-2-12-sequence-1-curran.html

  • Curran, T. (this volume). Effects of aging on implicit sequence learning: Accounting for sequence structure and explicit knowledge. Psychological Research.

  • Curran, T., & Keele, S. W. (1993) Attentional and non-attentional forms of sequence learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology.. Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 19, 189–202.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duncan, J. (1980). The demonstration of capacity limitation. Cognitive Psychology, 12, 75–96.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frensch, P. A., & Miner, C. S. (1994). Effects of presentation rate and individual differences in short term memory capacity on an indirect measure of serial learning. Memory and Cognition. 22, 95–110.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frensch, P. A., Buchner, A., & Lin, J. (1994). Implicit learning of unique and ambiguous serial transactions in the presence and absence of a distractor task. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 20, 567–584.

    Google Scholar 

  • Halligan, P. W., & Marshall, J. C. (1993). The history and clinical presentation of neglect. In I. H. Robertson and J. C. Marshall (Eds.), Unilateral neglect: Clinical and experimental studies (pp. 3–25). Hove, U.K.: LEA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heilman, K. M., Watson, R. T., & Valenstein, E. (1993). Neglect and related disorders. In K. M. Heilman and E. Valenstein (Eds.), Clinical Nuropsychology (pp. 279–336). New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keele, S. W., Cohen, A. & Ivry, R. I. (1990) Motor programs: Concepts and issues. M. H. Jeannerod (Ed.), Attention and Performance XIII (pp. 3–18). New York: Evlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keele, S. W., & Curran, T. (in press). On the modularity of sequence learning systems in humans. In E. Covey (Ed.), Neural representation of temporal patterns. New York: Plenum.

  • Keele, S. W., & Jennings, P. J. (1992). Attention in the representation of sequence: Experiment and theory. Human Movement Studies, 11, 125–138.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keele, S. W., Jennings, P. J., Jones, S., Caulton, D., & Cohen, A. (1995). On the modularity of sequence representations. Journal of Motor Behavior, 27, 17–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kinsbourne, M. (1993). Orientational bias model of unilateral neglect: Evidence from attentional gradients within hemispace. In I. H. Robertson and J. C. Marshall (Eds.), Unilateral neglect: Clinical and experimental studies (pp. 63–86). Hove, U.K.: LEA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marshall, J. C., Halligan, P. W., & Robertson, I. H. (1993). Contemporary theories of unilateral neglect: A critical review. In I. H. Robertson, J. C. Marshall (Eds) Unilateral neglect: Clinical and experimental studies (pp. 311–329). Hove, U.K.: LEA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mayr, U. (1996). Spatial attention and implicit sequence learning: Evidence for independent learning of spatial nonspatial sequences. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, & Cognition, 22, 350–365.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nissen, M. J., & Bullemer, P. (1987). Attentional requirements of learning: Evidence from performance measures. Cognitive Psychology, 19, 1–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Posner, M. I., & Petersen, S. E. (1990). The attention system of the human brain. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 13, 25–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Posner, M. I., & Petersen, S. E., Fox, P. T., & Raichle, M. E. (1988). Localization of cognitive operations in the human brain. Science. 240, 1627–1631.

    Google Scholar 

  • Posner, M. I., Walker, J. A., Friedrich, F. J., & Rafal, R. D. (1984). Effects of parietal lobe injury on covert orienting of visual attention. Journal of Neuroscience, 4, 1863–1874.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reed, J., & Johnson, P. (1994). Assessing implicit learning with indirect tests: Determining what is learned about sequence structure. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, & Cognition, 20, 585–594.

    Google Scholar 

  • Riddoch, M. J., & Humphreys, G. W. (1983). The effect of cueing on unilateral neglect. Neuropsychologia, 21, 589–599.

    Google Scholar 

  • Riddoch, M. J., & Humphreys, G. W. (1987). Perceptual and action systems in unilateral visual neglect. In M. Jeannerod (Ed.), Neurophysiological and Neuropsychological aspects of spatial neglect (pp. 151–181). Holland: Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rizzolatti, G., & Berti, A. (1993). Neural mechanisms of spatial neglect. In I. H. Robertson and J. C. Marshall (Eds.), Unilateral neglect: Clinical and experimental studies (pp. 87–105). Hove, U.K.: LEA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Robertson, I. H. (1993). The relationship between lateralized and non-lateralized attentional deficits in unilateral neglect. In I. H. Robertson and J. C. Marshall (Eds.), Unilateral neglect: Clinical and experimental studies (pp. 257–278). Hove, U.K.: LEA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmidtke, V., & Heuer, H. (this volume). Task integration as a factor in secondary-task effects on sequence learning. Psychological Research.

  • Soroker, N., Calamaro, N., & Myslobodsky, S. (1995). McGurk illusions to bilateral administration of sensory stimuli in patients with hemispatial neglect. Neuropsychologia, 33, 461–470.

    Google Scholar 

  • Squire, L. R. (1992). Memory and the hippocampus: A synthesis from findings with rats, monkeys, and humans. Psychological Review, 99, 195–231.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stadler, M. A. (1995). Role of attention in implicit learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, & Cognition 21, 674–685.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vallar, G. (1993). The anatomical basis of spatial hemineglect in humans. In I. H. Robertson and J. C. Marshall (Eds.), Unilateral neglect: Clinical and experimental studies (pp. 27–59). Hove, U.K.: LEA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Werth, R. (1993). Shifts and omissions in spatial reference in unilateral neglect. In I. H. Robertson and J. C. Marshall (Eds.), Unilateral neglect: Clinical and experimental studies (pp. 211–231). Hove, U.K.: LEA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, B., Cockburn, J., & Halligan, P. (1987). Development of a behavioral test of visual-spatial neglect. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehab., 68, 98–102.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Asher Cohen.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Cohen, A., Wasserman, A. & Soroker, N. Learning spatial sequences in unilateral neglect. Psychol. Res 60, 42–52 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00419679

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00419679

Keywords

Navigation