Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The long posterior ciliary arteries

An experimental study

  • Published:
Albrecht von Graefes Archiv für klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

In vivo studies on the temporal LPCA in rhesus monkeys have revealed the following:

  1. 1.

    The LPCA invariably supplies a sector of the choroid posterior to the equator, starting almost immediately from the point where it joins the choroid after having pierced the sciera, and extending forward.

  2. 2.

    Occlusion of one or both LPCAs produces no ischaemic damage to the anterior segment of the eye.

  3. 3.

    Occlusion of one or both LPCAs seems to have no significant effect on the IOP. The ocular hypotony seen in such cases is in all probability primarily due to damage to the accompanying ciliary nerves. This subject however, requires further exploration.

Zusammenfassung

Experimentelle Untersuchungen an der temporalen langen, hinteren Ciliararterie (LHCA) des lebenden Rhesus Affen ergaben folgende Resultate:

  1. 1.

    Die LHCA versorgt einen Sektor der Aderhaut hinter dem Äquator. Dieser Sektor beginnt an dem Ort, wo die Arterie die Aderhaut erreicht, nachdem sie die Lederhaut durchbrochen hat. Von diesem Punkt erstreckt sich der Sektor nach vorn.

  2. 2.

    Unterbrechung von einer oder beider LHCA verursacht keinen ischaemischen Schaden im vorderen Bulbusabschnitt.

  3. 3.

    Unterbindung von einer oder beiden LHCA scheint keine wesentlichen Einfluß auf den intra-okularen Druck auszuüben. Die Hypotonie, die man in solchen Fällen oft findet, ist wahrscheinlich durch einen Schaden des begleitenden Ciliarnerven verursacht. Dieser Punkt muß jedoch weiter untersucht werden.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Albrich, K.: Die Drosselung der Blutzufuhr zum Ziliakörper als neue Glaukomoperation. Klin. Mbl. Augenheilk. 113, 174–175 (1948)

    Google Scholar 

  • Amalrie, P.: Acute choroidal ischaemia. Trans. ophthal. Soc. U.K. 91, 305–322 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  • Arato, S.: Angiodiathermy and its application in glaucoma. Ophthalmologica (Basel) 120, 325–333 (1950)

    Google Scholar 

  • Baurmann, M.: In discussion of paper by E. Schreck. Ber. dtsch. ophthal. Ges. Heidelb. 54, 108 (1948)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bietti, G.: Surgical intervention on the ciliary body—New trends for the relief of glaucoma. J. Amer. med. Ass. 142, 889–896 (1950)

    Google Scholar 

  • Boniuk, M., Zimmerman, L. E.: Necrosis of the iris, ciliary body, lens and retina following scleral buckling operations with circling Polyethylene tubes. Trans. Amer. Acad. Ophthal. Otolaryng. 65, 671–693 (1961)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bossalino, D.: Ricerche sperimentali sulle alterazioni dell'occhio consecutive al taglio dei vasi ciliari. Ann. Ottal. 39, 866–914 (1910)

    Google Scholar 

  • Duke-Elder, S., Wybar, K. C.: System of ophthalmology, vol. II, p. 79, 85, 342, 346, 347. Kimpton: London 1961

    Google Scholar 

  • Favaloro, G.: Sulla peritomia ignea profonda nell'occhio umano ed animale e sulle sue possibili applicazioni in terapia oculare, specie antiipertensive. Lettura oftal. 4, 75–99 (1927)

    Google Scholar 

  • Fells, P.: In discussion of paper by A. H. Chignell and D. L. Easty on “Iris fluorescein photography following retinal detachment and in certain ocular ischaemic Disorders”. Trans. ophthal. Soc. U.K. 91, 257–259 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  • Fleischer, B.: In discussion of paper by E. Schreck, Ber. dtsch. ophthal. Ges. Heidelb. 54, 107 (1948)

    Google Scholar 

  • Forbes, S. B.: Muscle transplantation for external rectus paralysis. Report of case with unusual complications. Amer. J. Ophthal. 48, 248–251 (1959)

    Google Scholar 

  • Freeman, H. M., Hawkins, W. R., Schepens, C. L.: Anterior segment necrosis—An experimental study. Arch. Ophthal. (Chic.) 75, 644–650 (1966)

    Google Scholar 

  • Girard, L. J., Beltranena, F.: Early and late complications of extensive muscle surgery. Arch. Ophthal. (Chic.) 64, 576–584 (1960)

    Google Scholar 

  • Guerry, D.: Angiodiathermy of the long posterior ciliary arteries and its use in the treatment of glaucoma. Amer. J. Ophthal. 27, 1376–1393 (1944)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayreh, S. S.: The ophthalmic artery—III. Branches. Brit. J. Ophthal. 46, 212–247 (1962)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayreh, S. S.: The orbital vessels of rhesus monkeys. Exp. Eye Res. 3, 16–30 (1964a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayreh, S. S.: An experimental study of the central retinal vein occlusion. Trans. ophthal Soc U.K. 84, 586–593 (1964b)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayreh, S. S.: Occlusion of the posterior ciliary arteries Trans. Amer. Acad. Ophthal. Otolaryng. 77, OP-300–309 (1973a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayreh, S. S.: Anatomy and pathophysiology of ocular circulation. Exp. Eye Res. 17, 387–388 (1973b)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayreh, S. S.: Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1974a (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayreh, S. S.: Choroidal circulation in health and in acute vascular occlusion. Proc. Third Mackenzie Memorial Symp. on Vision and Circulation, 1974b (in press)

  • Hayreh, S. S., Baines, J. A. B.: Occlusion of the posterior ciliary artery—I. Effects on choroidal circulation. Brit. J. Ophthal. 56, 719–735 (1972a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayreh, S. S., Baines, J. A. B.: Occlusion of the posterior ciliary artery—II. Chorioretinal lesions. Brit. J. Ophthal. 56, 736–753 (1972b)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayreh, S. S., Baines, J. A. B.: Occlusion of the vortex veins—An experimental study. Brit. J. Ophthal. 57, 217–238 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hogan, M. J., Alvarado, J. A., Weddell, J. E.: Histology of the human eye, p. 50, 189, 326, 372. Philadelphia: Saunders 1971

    Google Scholar 

  • Holland, M. G., Minus, J. L.: Anterior segment chemical sympathectomy by 6-hydroxy-dopamine—I. Effect on intraocular pressure and facility of outflow. Invest. Ophthal. 10, 120–143 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kettesy, A.: A new operative procedure for glaucoma. Brit. J. Ophthal. 30, 643 (1946)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kettesy, A.: Zyklanämisation, ein neues Verfahren gegen Glaukom. Ophthalmologica (Basel) 120, 334–348 (1950)

    Google Scholar 

  • Leber, T.: Die Circulations- und Ernährungsverhältnisse des Auges. Graefe-Saemisch: Handbuch der gesamten Augenheilkunde, Bd. II, Abt. II, S. 33–35, 43–46. Leipzig: Engelmann 1903

    Google Scholar 

  • Leinfelder, P. J., Black, N. M.: Experimental transposition of the extraocular muscles in monkeys. Amer. J. Ophthal. 24, 1115–1119 (1941)

    Google Scholar 

  • Levy, N. S., Spector, S. S., Hood, C. I.: Intraocular pressure following long posterior ciliary canal cautery in primates. Invest. Ophthal. 13, 468–471 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  • Nicholls, J. V. V.: Effect of section of posterior ciliary arteries in rabbit. Brit. J. Ophthal. 22, 672–687 (1938)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ruskell, G. L.: Choroidal vascularization in the rabbit. Amer. J. Ophthal. 52, 807–815 (1961)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ruskell, G. L.: Blood vessels of the orbit and globe. In: The rabbit in eye research, ed. J. H. Prince, p. 514–553. Springfield: Thomas 1964

    Google Scholar 

  • Salzmann, M.: The anatomy and histology of the human eyeball in the normal state. Translated by E. V. L. Brown, p. 18, 51, 184, Chicago: University of Chicago Press 1912

    Google Scholar 

  • Schepens, C. L., Okamura, I. D., Brockhurst, R. J.: The scleral buckling procedures: II. Technical difficulties of primary operations. Arch. Ophthal. (Chic.) 60, 84–92 (1958)

    Google Scholar 

  • Schreck, E.: Erfahrungen mit der gezielten Verödung der Arteria ciliaris posterior longa zur operativen Therapie des Glaukoms. Ber. dtsch. ophthal. Ges. Heidelb. 54, 90–96 (1948)

    Google Scholar 

  • Schulte, D.: In discussion of paper by E. Schreck. Ber. dtsch. ophthal. Ges. Heidelb. 54, 106 (1948)

    Google Scholar 

  • Schulze, R. R.: Rubeosis iridis. Amer. J. Ophthal. 63, 487–495 (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  • Shea, M.: Complications common to all surgical procedures In: Controversal aspects of the management of retinal detachment, ed. C. L. Schepens and C. D. Regan, p. 207–221. Boston: Little Brown 1965

    Google Scholar 

  • Stucchi, C., Bianchi, G.: Depigmentation en secteur de l'iris consecutive a des transplantations musculaires. Ophthalmologica (Basel) 133, 231–236 (1957)

    Google Scholar 

  • Studer, T. F.: On pigmentation of the retina after optieo-ciliary neurectomy in man. Arch. Ophthal. (Chic.) 35, 333–348 (1906)

    Google Scholar 

  • Swegmark, G.: Aqueous humour dynamics in Horner's syndrome. Trans. ophthal. Soc. U.K. 83, 255–260 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  • Vilstrup, G.: Studies on the choroid circulation, p. 98. Copenhagen: Munksgaard 1952

    Google Scholar 

  • Wagenmann, A.: Experimentelle Untersuchungen über den Einfluß der Circulation in den Netzhaut- und Aderhautgefäßen auf die Ernährung des Auges, insbesondere der Retina, und über die Folgen der Sehnerven-Durchschneidung. Albrecht v. Graefes Arch. Ophthal. 36(4), 1–63 (1890)

    Google Scholar 

  • Weekers, R., Gougnard, Cl., Gougnard, L., Watillon, M.: Traitement de l'hypertension oculaire par la ligature des arteres ciliares anterieures et la coagulation diathermique a l'endroit de passage des arteres ciliares longues posterieures. Bull. Soc. belge. Ophtal. 113, 423–431 (1956)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, W. A., Irvine, S. R.: Pathologic changes following disruption of blood supply to iris and ciliary body. Trans. Amer. Acad. Ophthal. Otolaryng. 59, 501–502 (1955)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wolff, E.: The anatomy of the eye and orbit, p. 68–72. London: Lewis 1948

    Google Scholar 

  • Wybar, K. C.: A study of the choroidal circulation of the eye of man. J. Anat. (Lond.) 88, 94–98 (1954a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wybar, K. C.: Vacular anatomy of the choroid in relation to selective localization of ocular disease. Brit. J. Ophthal. 38, 513–527 (1954b)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA

    Sohan Singh Hayreh

Authors
  1. Sohan Singh Hayreh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Singh Hayreh, S. The long posterior ciliary arteries. Albrecht von Graefes Arch. Klin. Ophthalmol. 192, 197–213 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00416866

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00416866

Keywords

Search

Navigation