Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Leukocyte migration inhibitory factor in primary and recurrent ocular infections by herpes simplex-virus

Preliminary results

  • Published:
Albrecht von Graefes Archiv für klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Using a direct assay of leukocyte migration inhibitory factor (LMIF), cell-mediated immunity to herpes simplex virus (HSV) antigen was measured in patients who had primary and recurrent ocular HSV infections. Those with primary and recurrent epithelial disease had a significantly lower production of LMIF than a control population that had had no herpetic infection for at least a year or longer (P<0.001). On the contrary, patients with deep stromal involvement and anterior uveitis showed significant migration inhibition with HSV antigen, similar to the one found in the healthy control group. The clinical and possible therapeutic implications of these findings are discussed.

Zusammenfassung

Mit Hilfe eines direkten Testes zur Bestimmung des Leukocyten-Migrations-Inhibitions-Faktors (LMIF) wurde die zelluläre Immunität gegen Herpes simplex-Virus (HSV) Antigen bei Patienten mit primärem und rezidivierendem Herpes corneae untersucht. Dabei zeigten Patienten mit primärem oder rezidivierendem epithelialen Befall gegenüber Personen einer Kontrollgruppe, die mindestens für ein Jahr keine Infektion mit HSV durchgemacht hatten, eine signifikant verminderte Produktion von LMIF (P < 0,001). Im Gegensatz dazu war bei Patienten mit schwerer Beteiligung des Hornhautstromas und Iridocyclitis eine signifikante Hemmung der Migration in gleicher Größenordnung wie in der gesunden Kontrollgruppe feststellbar. Die klinischen und möglichen therapeutischen Folgerungen werden diskutiert.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Allen, D.E., Pinnell, S.R., Tindall, J.P.: Levamisole therapy for recurrent herpes simplex and aphthous stomatitis. American Academy of Dermatology, San Francisco, Dec. 5, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  • Aston, D.L., Cohen, A., Spindler, M.A.: Herpes virus hominis infection in patients with myeloproliferative and lymphoproliferative disorders. Br. Med. J. 1972 IV, 462–465

    Google Scholar 

  • Bastian, F.O., Rabson, C.L., Yee, T.S.: Herpes virus hominis: Isolation from human trigeminal ganglia. Science 178, 306–307 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  • Braley, A.E.: Experimental herpes simplex: Sanford R. Gifford Lecture. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 35, 1737–1747 (1952)

    Google Scholar 

  • Centifanto, Y.M., Kaufman, H.E.: The development of tear antibodies and herpes simplex keratitis. In: The secretory immunologic system (D.H. Dayton et al., ed.), pp. 331–340. Bethesda, MD: US. Dept. of Heath Education and Welfare, PHS, NIH 1969

    Google Scholar 

  • Centifanto, Y.M., Little, J.M., Kaufman, H.E.: The relationship between virus chemotherapy, secretory antibody formation and recurrent herpetic disease. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 173, 649–654 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  • Centifanto, Y.M., Zam, Z.S., McNeill, J.J., Kaufman, H.E.: Leukocyte migration inhibitory factor in HSV infections. Invest. Ophthalmol. Visual Sci. 17, 863–868 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  • Colin, J.: L'herpès oculaire. Aspects thérapeutiques. Nouv. Presse Med. 7, 2949–2953 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  • Easty, D.L., Maini, R.N., Jones, B.R.: Cellular immunity in herpes simplex keratitis. Trans. Ophthalmol. Soc. UK 93, 171–180 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  • Florentin, J., Huchet, R., Bruley-Rosset, M., Halle-Panenko, O., Mathe, G.: Studies on the mechanisms of action of BCG. Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 1, 31–39 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  • Friedlaender, M.H., Smolin, G., Okumoto, M.: The treatment of herpetic reinfection with levamisole. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 86, 245–249 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  • Fuchs, E.: Über ringförmige und scheibenförmige Keratitis (Keratitis annularis et disciformis). Klin. Monatsbl. Augenheilkd. 39, 513–523 (1901)

    Google Scholar 

  • Gange, R.W., De Bats, A., Park, J.R., Bradstreet, C.M.P., Rhodes, E.L.: Cellular immunity and circulating antibody to herpes simplex virus in subjects with recurrent herpes simplex lesions and controls as measured by the mixed leukocyte migration inhibition and complement fixation. Br. J. Dermatol. 97, 539–544 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Glade, P.R., Broder, S.W., Grotsiky, H., Hirschhorn, K.: The use of cultured lymphoid cells as target cells for the detection of migration inhibitory factors. In: In vitro methods in cell-mediated immunity, pp. 307–312. New York: Academic Press 1971

    Google Scholar 

  • Haahr, S., Rasmussen, L., Merigan, T.C.: Lymphocyte transformation and interferon production in human mononuclear cell microcultures for assay of cellular immunity to herpes simplex virus. Infect. Immun. 14, 47–54 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  • Henson, D., Helmsen, R., Becker, K.E., Strano, A.J., Sullivan, M., Harris, D.: Ultrastructural localization of herpes simplex virus antigens on rabbit corneal cells using sheep antihuman IgG antihorse ferritin hybrid antibodies. Invest. Ophthalmol. 13, 819–827 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jarisch, R., Sandor, I., Stingl, G., Pehamberger, H., Pichler, W.: Levamisoltherapie bei Neurodermitis atopica (Doppelblindstudie). V. Jahrestagung d. Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Dermatologische Forschung, Frankfurt 1977

    Google Scholar 

  • Jarisch, R., Sandor, I.: MIF in der Therapiekontrolle von Herpes simplex recidivans: Behandlung mit Levamisole, BCG, Urushiol und Herpes Antigen Vaccine. Arch. Dermatol. Res. 258, 151–159 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jarisch, R., Sandor, I., Cerni, C.: Der Leukozytenmigrationshemmtest (LMIT) bei Herpes simplex labialis recidivans. Vergleich der Therapieerfolge mit BCG und Levamisole. Arch. Dermatol. Res. (in press 1979)

  • Kaufman, H.E., Martola, E.L., Dohlman, C.H.: Herpes simplex treatment with IDU and corticosteroids. Arch. Ophthalmol. 69, 468–472 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaufman, H.E., Varnell, E.D.: Lack of levamisole effect on experimental herpes keratitis. Invest. Ophthalmol. Visual Sci. 16, 1148–1150 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  • Knit, A., Verlinden, L.: Levamisole for recurrent herpes labialis. N. Engl. J. Med. 291, 308 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  • Lopez, C., O'Reilly, R.J.: Cell-mediated immune responses in recurrent herpes virus infections. I. Lymphocyte proliferation assay. J. Immunol. 118, 895–902 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, R.G., Dawson, C.R., Jones, P., Togni, B., Lyons, C., Oh, J.O.: Herpes virus in sensory and autonomic ganglia after eye infection—absence of chronic viral shedding. Arch. Ophthalmol. 95, 2053–2056 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  • Metcalf, J.F., McNeill, J.J., Kaufman, H.E.: Experimental disciform edema and necrotizing keratitis in the rabbit. Invest. Ophthalmol. 15, 979–985 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  • Metcalf, J.F., Kaufman, H.E.: Herpetic stromal keratitis—evidence for cell-mediated immunopathogenesis. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 82, 827–833 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  • Metcalf, J.F., Helmsen, R.: Immunoelectron microscopic localization of herpes simplex virus antigens in rabbit cornea with antihuman IgG-antiferritin hybrid antibodies. Invest. Ophthalmol. Visual Sci. 16, 779–786 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  • Montgomerie, J.Z., Croxon, M.C., Becroft, D.M.O., Doak, P.B., North, J.D.K.: Herpes simplex virus infection after renal transplantation. Lancet, 1969 II, 867–871

  • Nesburn, A.B., Cook, M.L., Stevens, J.G.: Latent herpes simplex virus: Isolation from rabbit trigeminal ganglia between disease episodes. Arch. Ophthalmol. 88, 412–417 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  • O'Reilly, R.J., Chibbaro, A., Anger, E., Lopez, C.: Cell-mediated immune responses in patients with recurrent herpes simplex infections. II. Infection-associated deficiency of lymphokine production in patients with recurrent herpes labialis or herpes progenitalis. J. Immunol. 118, 1095–1102 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pier, F.D., Smith, T.F., Andersen, C.F., Webel, M.L., Tasewell, H.F.: Herpes virus in renal transplant patients. Transplantation 16, 489–495 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  • Plummer, G.: Isolation of herpes viruses from trigeminal ganglia of man, monkeys and cats. J. Infect. Dis. 128, 345–348 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  • Rasmussen, L.E., Jordan, G.W., Stevens, D.A., Merigan, T.C.: Lymphocyte interferon production and transformation after herpes simplex infections in humans. J. Immunol. 112, 728–736 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  • Raud, K.H., Rasmussen, L.E., Pollard, R.B., Arvin, A., Merigan, T.C.: Cellular immunity and herpes virus infections in cardiac-transplant patients. N. Engl. J. Med. 296, 1372–1377 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosenberg, G.L., Snyderman, R., Notkins, A.L.: Production of chemotactic factor and lymphotoxin by human leukocytes stimulated with herpes simplex virus. Infect. Immun. 10, 111–115 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  • Russel, A.S., Percy, J.S., Kovithavongs, T.: Cell mediated immunity to herpes simplex in humans. Lymphocyte cytotoxicity measured by 51 Cr release from infected cells. Infect. Immun. 11, 355–362 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Russel, A.S., Konsei, J., Lao, V.S.: Cell mediated immunity to herpes simplex in man. IV. A correlation of lymphocyte stimulation and inhibition of leukocyte migration. J. Immunol. Methods 9, 273–277 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sery, T.W., Nagy, R.M.: Cellular reaction in experimental herpetic disciform keratitis. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 83, 675–680 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sher, N.A., Poplack, D.G., Blaese, R.M., Brown, T.M., Chaparas, S.C.: Effect of Corynebacterium parvum, methanol-extraction residue of BCG and levamisole on macrophage random migration, chemotaxis and periocytosis. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 58, 1753–1757 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  • Smolin, G., Tabbara, K., Okumoto, M.: Guinea pig herpes simplex keratitis treated with a lymphocyte extract. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 78, 921–925 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  • Smolin, G., Okumoto, M., Belfort, R., Jr.: The treatment of experimental herpetic keratitis with BCG. Can. J. Ophthalmol. 10, 385–390 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Smolin, G., Okumoto, M., Friedlaender, M.: Treatment of herpes simplex keratitis with levamisole. Arch. Ophthalmol. 96, 1078–1081 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  • Steele, R.W., Vincent, M.M., Hensen, S.A., Fucillo, D.A., Chapa, L.S., Canales, L.: Cellular immune responses to herpes simplex virus type 1 in recurrent labialis: In vitro blastogenesis and cytotoxicity to infected cell lines. J. Infect. Dis. 131, 528–534 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • St. Geme, J.W., Prince, J.T., Burke, B.A., Good, R.A., Krivit, W.: Impaired cellular resistance to herpes simplex virus in Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. N. Engl. J. Med. 273, 229–234 (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sundmacher, R.: Herpestherapie und -prophylaxe. I. Versuch einer kritischen Wertung. Klin. Monatsbl. Augenheilkd. 169, 308–325 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  • Swyers, J.S., Lausch, R.N., Kaufman, H.E.: Corneal hypersensitivity to herpes simplex. Br. J. Ophthalmol. 51, 843–846 (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  • Symoens, J., Brugmans, J.: Treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis and herpes with levamisole. Br. Med. J. 1974 IV, 592–593

    Google Scholar 

  • Thong, Y.H., Vincent, M.M., Hensen, S.A., Fucillo, D.A., Rola-Pleszczynski, M., Bellanti, J.A.: Depressed specific cell mediated immunity to herpes simplex virus type 1 in patients with recurrent herpes labialis. Infect. Immun. 12, 76–80 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Tokumary, T.Y., Shimizu, Y., Sabety, Y.: Herpetic epithelial keratitis: A radioassay evaluation of the host's humoral and cellular responsiveness. Ophthalmic. Res. 7, 345–353 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Verhaegen, H., Decree, J., De Cock, W.: Levamisole and the immune response. N. Engl. J. Med. 289, 1148–1149 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams, L.E., Nesburn, A.B., Kaufman, H.E.: Experimental induction of disciform keratitis. Arch. Ophthalmol. 73, 112–114 (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilton, J.M.A., Ivanyi, L., Lehner, T.: Cell mediated immunity in herpes virus hominis infections. Br. Med. J. 1972 I, 723–726

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology II, University of Vienna, AKH, Alserstr. 4, A-1090, Vienna, Austria

    Günther Grabner

  2. Department of Dermatology I, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

    Reinhart Jarisch

Authors
  1. Günther Grabner
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Reinhart Jarisch
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Grabner, G., Jarisch, R. Leukocyte migration inhibitory factor in primary and recurrent ocular infections by herpes simplex-virus. Albrecht von Graefes Arch. Klin. Ophthalmol. 211, 85–93 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00414656

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00414656

Keywords

Search

Navigation