Abstract
Recently published thermodynamic and experimental data in a variety of chemical systems have been evaluated to derive Gibbs free energies for hedenbergite and pyrope. These were used to calculate the geobarometric equilibria
Hedenbergite+Anorthite=Grossular+Almandine +Quartz: “HD barometer”,
Diopside+Anorthite=Grossular+Pyrope+Quartz: “DI barometer”.
We have compared the pressures obtained from these equilibria for garnet-clinopyroxene-orthopyroxene-plagioclasequartz assemblages with the geobarometer
Ferrosilite+Anorthite=Almandine+Grossular+Quartz: “FS barometer”.
Pressures calculated for 68 samples containing the above assemblage from a variety of high grade metamorphic terranes indicate that, in general, the HD and DI barometers yield values that are in good agreement with the FS barometer, and that the three barometers are generally consistent with constraints from aluminosilicate occurrences. However, in some samples the HD barometer yields pressures up to 2 kbar greater than constraints imposed by the presence of an aluminosilicate phase. Relative to the FS barometer, the HD barometer overestimates pressure by an average of 0.2±1.0 (1σ) kbar and the DI barometer underestimates pressure by an average of 0.6±1.6 (1σ) kbar. The pressure discrepancies for the HD and DI barometers are likely to be a result of imprecision in thermodynamic data and activity models for silicates, and not a result of resetting of the clinopyroxene equilibria. The relative imprecision of the DI barometer relative to the FS barometer results from overestimates of pressure by the DI and FS barometers in Fe-rich and Mg-rich systems, respectively. Application of the HD and DI barometers to high grade Cpx-Gt-Pg-Qz assemblages yields pressures that are generally consistent with other petrologic constraints and geobarometers. It is concluded that the HD and DI barometers can place reasonable constraints on pressure (±1 kbar relative to the FS barometer) if not extrapolated to mineral assemblages whose compositions are extremely far removed from the end member system for which the barometers were calibrated.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anastasiou P, Seifert F (1972) Solid solubility of Al2O3 in enstatite at high temperature and 1–5 kbar water pressure. Contrib Mineral Petrol 34:272–287
Anovitz LM, Essene EJ (1987a) Compatibility of geobarometers in the system CaO-FeO-Al2O3-SiO2-TiO2: implications for garnet mixing models. J Geol 95:633–645
Anovitz LM, Essene EJ (1987b) Thermobarometry in the Grenville Province of Ontario. J Petrol, in press
Aranovich LYa, Kosyakova NA (1987) The cordierite=orthopyroxene+quartz equilibrium: laboratory data on and thermodynamics of ternary Fe-Mg-Al orthopyroxene solid solutions. Geochem Int 24:111–131
Babuska V, Fiala J, Kumazawa M, Ohno I (1978) Elastic properties of garnet solid-solution series. Phys Earth Plan Int 16:157–176
Bass JD, Weidner DJ (1984) Elasticity of single-crystal orthoferrosilite. J Geophys Res 89:4359–4372
Bennington KO, Beyer RP, Brown RR (1984) Thermodynamic properties of hedenbergite, a complex silicate of Ca, Fe, Mn, and Mg. US Dept Int Rept Inv 8873:19 p
Berman RG, Brown TH (1985) Heat capacit of minerals in the system Na2O-K2O-CaO-MgO-FeO-Fe2O3-Al2O3-SiO2-TiO2-H2O-CO2: representation, estimation, and high temperature extrapolation. Contrib Mineral Petrol 89:168–183
Berman RG, Engi M, Greenwood HJ, Brown TH (1986) Derivation of internally consistent thermodynamic data by the technique of mathematical programming: a review with application to the system MgO-SiO2-H2O. J Petrol 27:1331–1364
Bhattacharyya PK, Mukherjee S (1987) Granulites in and around the Bengal anorthosite, eastern India; genesis of coronal garnet, and evolution of the granulite-anorthosite complex. Geol Mag 124:21–32
Birch F (1966) Compressibility: elastic constants. In: Clark SP Jr (ed) Handbook of Physical Constants. Geol Soc Am Mem 97:97–173
Boettcher AL (1970) The system CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O at high pressure and temperature. J Petrol 11:337–379
Bohlen SR (1979) Pressure, Temperature, and Fluid Composition of Adirondack Metamorphism as Determined in Orthogneisses, Adirondack Mountains, New York. PhD Thesis Univ Michigan
Bohlen SR, Boettcher AL (1982) Experimental investigations and geological applications of orthopyroxene geobarometry. Am Mineral 66:951–964
Bohlen SR, Essene EJ, Boettcher AL (1980) Reinvestigation and application of olivine-quartz-orthopyroxene barometry. Earth Planet Sci Lett 47:1–10
Bohlen SR, Liotta JJ (1986) A new barometer for garnet amphibolites and garnet granulites. J Petrol 27:1025–1034
Bohlen SR, Metz GW, Essene EJ, Anovitz LM, Westrum EF Jr, Wall VJ (1983) Thermodynamics and phase equilibria of ferrosilite: potential oxygen barometer in mantle rocks. Eos 64:350
Bohlen SR, Wall VJ, Boettcher AL (1983a) Experimental investigation of model garnet granulite equilibria. Contrib Mineral Petrol 83:52–61
Bohlen SR, Wall VJ, Boettcher AL (1983b) Experimental investigations and applications of equilibria in the system FeO-TiO2-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O. Am Mineral 68:1049–1058
Bohlen SR, Wall VJ, Boettcher AL (1983c) Geobarometry in granulites. In: Saxena SK (ed) Kinetics and Equilibrium in Mineral Reactions. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, pp 141–171
Boyd FR, England JL (1964) The system enstatite-pyrope. Carnegie Inst Wash Yrbk 63:157–161
Brace WF, Scholz CH, La Mori PN (1969) Isothermal compressibility of kyanite, andalusite, and sillimanite from synthetic aggregates. J Geophys Res 74:2089–2098
Burton JC, Taylor LA, Chou I-M (1982) The fO2-T and fS2-T stability relations of hedenbergite and of hedenbergite-johannsenite solid solutions. Econ Geol 77:764–783
Cameron M, Sueno S, Prewitt CT, Papike JJ (1973) High temperature crystal chemistry of acmite, diopside, hedenbergite, Jadeite, spodumene, and ureyite. Am Mineral 58:594–618
Cameron M, Papike JJ (1980) Crystal chemistry of silicate pyroxenes. In: Prewitt CT (ed) Reviews in Mineralogy 7, Pyroxenes. Mineralogical Society of America, Washington DC, pp 5–92
Chatillon-Colinet C, Newton RC, Perkins D III, Kleppa OJ (1983) Thermochemistry of (Fe2+, Mg)SiO3 orthopyroxene. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 47:1597–1603
Coolen JJMMM (1980) Chemical petrology of the Furua Granulite Complex, southern Tanzania. PhD Thesis Vrije Univ
Dal Negro A, Carbonin S, Molin GM, Cundari A, Piccirillo EM (1982) Intracrystalline cation distribution in natural clinopyroxenes of tholeiitic, transitional, and alkaline basaltic rocks. In: Saxena SK (ed) Advances in Physical Geochemistry, Vol 2, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 117–150
Danckwerth PA, Newton RC (1978) Experimental determination of the spinel peridotite to garnet peridotite reactions in the system MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 in the range 900–1100° C and Al2O3 isopleths of enstatite in the spinel field. Contrib Mineral Petrol 66:189–201
Davidson A (1984) Tectonic boundaries within the Grenville Province of the Canadian Shield. J Geodynam 1:433–444
Davidson A (1986) New interpretations in the southwestern Grenville Province. In: Moore JM, Davidson A, Baer AJ (eds) The Grenville Province. Geol Assoc Can Spec Pap 31:61–74
Davidson PM, Lindsley DH (1985) Thermodynamic analysis of quadrilateral pyroxenes Part II: model calibration from experiments and application to geothermometry. Contrib Mineral Petrol 91:390–404
Devaraju TC, Coolen JJMMM (1983) Mineral chemistry and P-T conditions of formation of a basic scapolite-garnet-pyroxene granulite from Doddakanya, Mysore District. J Geol Soc India 24:404–411
Ellis DJ, Green DH (1979) An experimental study of the effect of Ca upon garnet-clinopyroxene Fe-Mg exchange equilibria. Contrib Mineral Petrol 71:13–22
Ganguly J, Saxena SK (1984) Mixing properties of aluminosilicate garnets: constraints from natural and experimental data, and applications to geothermobarometry. Am Mineral 68:88–97
Gasparik T (1984a) Experimental study of subsolidus phase relations and mixing properties in the system CaO-Al2O3-SiO2. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 48:2537–2546
Gasparik T (1984b) Experimentally determined stability of clinopyroxene+garnet+corundum in the system CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2. Am Mineral 69:1025–1035
Gasparik T, Newton RC (1984) The reversed alumina contents of orthopyroxene in equilibrium with spinel and forsterite in the system MgO-Al2O3-SiO2. Contrib Mineral Petrol 85:186–196
Ghent ED (1976) Plagioclase-garnet-Al2SiO5-quartz: a potential geobarometer — geothermometer. Am Mineral 61:710–714
Ghent ED, Robbins DB, Stout MZ (1979) Geothermometry, geobarometry, and fluid compositions of metamorphosed calcsilicates and pelites, Mica Creek, British Columbia. Am Mineral 64:874–885
Ghent ED, Stout MV, Raeside RP (1983) Plagioclase-clinopyroxene-garnet-quartz equilibria and the geobarometry and geothermometry of garnet amphibolites from Mica Creek, British Columbia. Can J Earth Sci 20:699–706
Glassley WE, Sorensen K (1980) Constant Ps-T amphibolite to granulite facies transition in Agto (West Greenland) metadolerites: implications and applications. J Petrol 21:69–105
Griffin WL, Carswell DA, Nixon PH (1979) Lower-crustal granulites and eclogites from Lesotho, Southern Africa. In: Boyd FR, Meyer HOA (eds) The Mantle Sample: Inclusions in Kimberlites and Other Volcanics. American Geophysical Union, Wash DC, pp 59–86
Gustafson WI (1974) The stability of andradite, hedenbergite, and related minerals in the system Ca-Fe-Si-O-H. J Petrol 15:455–496
Hansen EC, Newton RC, Janardhan AS (1984) Pressures, temperatures and metamorphic fluids across an unbroken amphibolite facies to granulite facies transition in southern Karnataka, India. In: Kroner A, Hanson GN, Goodwin AM (eds) Archaean Geochemistry, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, pp 161–181
Harris NBW, Holt RW, Drury SA (1982) Geobarometry, geothermometry, and late Archean geotherms from the granulite facies terrain of south India. J Geol 90:509–527
Haselton HT, Newton RC (1980) Thermodynamics of pyrope-grossular garnets and their stabilities at high temperatures and high pressure. J Geophys Res 85B:6973–6982
Haselton HT, Westrum EF Jr (1980) Low temperature heat capacities of synthetic pyrope, grossular, and pyrope60grossular40. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 44:701–709
Haselton HT, Robie RA, Hemingway BS (1987) Heat capacities of synthetic hedenbergite, ferrobustamite and CaFeSi2O6 glass. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 51:2211–2218
Hays JF (1967) Lime-alumina-silica. Carnegie Inst Wash Yrbk 65:234–239
Hazen RM, Finger LW (1978) Crystal structures and compressibilities of pyrope and grossular to 60 kbar. Am Mineral 63:297–303
Hazen RM, Finger LW (1981) Crystal structure of diopside at high temperature and pressure. Carnegie Inst Wash Yb 80:373–376
Hazen RM, Prewitt CT (1977) Effects of temperature and pressure on interatomic distances in oxygen-based minerals. Am Mineral 62:309–315
Helgeson HC, Delany JM, Nesbitt HW, Bird DK (1978) Summary and critique of the thermodynamic properties of rock-forming minerals. Am J Sci 278-A:229 p
Hemingway BS (1987) Quartz: heat capacities from 340 to 1000 K and revised values for the thermodynamic properties. Am Mineral 72:273–279
Hensen BJ, Essene EJ (1971) Stability of pyrope-quartz in the system MgO-Al2O3-SiO2. Contrib Mineral Petrol 30:72–83
Holdaway MJ (1971) Stability of andalusite and the aluminum silicate phase diagram. Am J Sci 271:97–131
Holmes RD, O'Neill HSt-C, Arculus RJ (1986) Standard Gibbs free energy of formation for Cu2O, NiO, CoO, and FexO: high resolution electrochemical measurements using zirconia solid electrolytes from 900–1400 K. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 50:2439–2452
Hörmann PK, Raith M, Raase P, Ackermand D, Seifert F (1980) The granulite complex of Finnish Lapland: petrology and metamorphic conditions in the Ivalojoki-Inarijarvi area. Bull Geol Surv Finland 308:95pp
Huckenholz HG, Hölz E, Lindhuber W (1975) Grossularite, its solidus and liquidus relations in the CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O system up to 10 kbar. Neues Jahrb Mineral Abh 124:1–46
Huckenholz HG, Lindhuber W, Springer J (1974) The join CaSiO3-Al2O3-Fe2O3 of the CaO-Al2O3-Fe2O3-SiO2 system and its bearing on the formation of granditic garnets and fassaitic pyroxenes. Neues Jahr Mineral Abh 121:160–207
Janardhan AS, Gopalkrishna D (1983) Pressure-temperature estimates of the basic granulites and conditions of metamorphism in Sargur Terrain, southern Karnataka and adjoining areas. J Geol Soc India 24:219–228
Janardhan AS, Newton RC, Hansen EC (1982) The transformation of amphibolite facies gneisses to charnockite in southern Karnataka and northern Tamil Nadu, India. Contrib Mineral Petrol 79:130–149
Johnson CA, Bohlen SR, Essene EJ (1983) An evaluation of garnetclinopyroxene geothermometry in granulites. Contrib Mineral Petrol 84:191–198
Koziol AM, Newton RC (1988) Redermination of the anorthite breakdown reaction and improvement of the plagioclase-garnet-Al2SiO5-quartz geobarometer. Am Mineral 73:216–223
Krupka KM, Hemingway BS, Robie RA, Kerrick DM, Ito J (1985a) Low-temperature heat capacities and derived thermodynamic properties of anthophyllite, diopside, enstatite, bronzite, and wollastonite. Am Mineral 70:249–260
Krupka KM, Hemingway BS, Robie RA, Kerrick DM (1985b) High-temperature heat capacities and derived thermodynamic properties of anthophyllite, diopside, dolomite, enstatite, bronzite, talc, tremolite, and wollastonite. Am Mineral 70:262–271
Lane DL, Ganguly J (1980) Al2O3 solubility of orthopyroxene in the system MgO-Al2O3: a reevaluation, and mantle geotherm. J Geophys Res 85B:6963–6972
Levien L, Prewitt CT (1981) High-pressure structural study of diopside. Am Mineral 66:315–323
Liebermann RC, Ringwood AE (1976) Elastic properties of anorthite and the nature of the lunar crust. Earth Planet Sci Lett 8:361–374
Lindsley DH (1983) Pyroxene thermometry. Am Mineral 68:477–493
Liou JG (1974) Stability relations of andradite-quartz in the system Ca-Fe-Si-O-H. Am Mineral 59:1016–1025
MacGregor ID (1974) The system MgO-Al2O3-SiO2: solubility of Al2O3 in enstatite for spinel and garnet peridotite compositions. Am Mineral 59:110–119
Metz GW, Anovitz LM, Essene EJ, Bohlen SR, Westrum EF Jr (1983) The heat capacity and phase equilibria of almandine. Eos 64:346–347
Moecher DP (1984) Determination of Late Archean Metamorphic Conditions, Granite Falls, Minnesota. S Thesis Univ Wisconsin
Moecher DP (1988) Application of scapolite phase equilibria and carbon isotope systematics to high grade rocks: a test of the CO2-flooding hypothesis. PhD Thesis Univ Michigan
Moecher DP, Perkins D III, Leier-Englehardt PJ, Medaris LG Jr (1986) Metamorphic conditions of late Archean high-grade gneisses. Minnesota River valley, USA. Can J Earth Sci 23:633–645
Mora Cl, Valley JW (1985) Ternary feldspar thermometry in granulites from the Oaxacan Complex. Mexico. Contrib Mineral Petrol 89:215–225
Newton RC (1966) Some cale-silicate equilibrium relations. Am J Sci 264:204–222
Newton RC (1983) Geobarometry of high-grade metamorphic rocks. Am J Sci 283 A:1–28
Newton RC (1987) Thermodynamic analysis of phase equilibria in simple mineral systems. In: Carmichael ISE, Eugster HP (eds) Thermodynamic Modeling of Geological Materials: Minerals, Fluids, and Melts, Reviews in Mineralogy 17, Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC, pp 1–33
Newton RC, Charlu TV, Kleppa OJ (1980) Thermochemistry of the high structure state plagioclases. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 44:933–941
Newton RC, Haselton HT (1981) Thermodynamics of the garnetplagioclase-Al2SiO5-quartz geobarometer. In: Newton RC, Navrotsky A, Wood BJ (eds) Thermodynamics of Minerals and Melts, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 129–145
Newton RC, Perkins D III (1982) Thermodynamic calibrations of geobarometers for charnockites and basic granulites based on the assemblages garnet-plagioclase-orthopyroxene-(clinopyroxene)-quartz, with applications to high grade metamorphism. Am Mineral 67:203–222
Nielson TH, Leipold MH (1965) Thermal expansion of NiO. J Am Ceramic Soc 48:164
Oliver GJH (1977) Feldspathic hornblende and garnet granulites and associated anorthosite pegmatites from Doubtful Sound, Fiordland, New Zealand. Contrib Mineral Petrol 65:111–121
Orville PM (1972) Plagioclase cation exchange equilibria with aqueous chloride solution: results at 700° C and 2000 bars in the presence of quartz. Am J Sci 272:234–272
Paktunc AD, Baer AJ (1986) Geothermobarometry of the north-west margin of the Superior Province: implications for its tectonic evolution. J Geol 94:381–394
Percival JA (1983) High-grade metamorphism in the Chapleau-Foleyet area, Ontario. Am Mineral 68:667–686
Percival JA, McGrath PH (1986) Crustal structure of the northern Kapuskasing uplift of Ontario: an integrated petrological-geophysical study. Tectonics 5:553–572
Perkins D III (1979) Application of New Thermodynamic Data to Mineral Equilibria. PhD Thesis Univ Michigan
Perkins D III (1983) The stability of Mg-rich garnet in the system CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 at 1000–1300° C and high pressure. Am Minerals 68:355–364
Perkins D III, Chipera SJ (1985) Garnet-orthopyroxene-plagioclase-quartz barometry: refinement and application to the English River Subprovince and the Minnesota River Valley. Contrib Mineral Petrol 89:69–80
Perkins D III, Newton, RC (1980) The composition of coexistig pyroxenes and garnet in the system CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 at 900°–1100° C and high pressures. Contrib Mineral Petrol 75:291–300
Perkins D III, Holland TJB, Newton RC (1981) The Al2O3 contents of enstatite in equilibrium with garnet in the system MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 at 15–40 kbar and 900°–1600° C. Contrib Mineral Petrol 78:99–109
Phillips GN (1978) Metamorphism and Geochemistry of the Willyama complex, Broken Hill. PhD Thesis Monash Univ
Richardson SW, Bell PM, Gilbert MC (1968) Kyanite-sillimanite equilibrium between 700° and 1500° C. Am J Sci 266:513–541
Robie RA, Bin Z, Hemingway BS, Barton MD (1987) Heat capacity and thermodynamic properties of andradite garnet, Ca3Fe2Si3O12, between 10 and 1000 K and revised values of ΔfG om (298.15) of hedenbergite and wollastonite. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 51:2219–2224
Robie RA, Hemingway BS (1984) Entropies of kyanite, andalusite, and sillimanite: additional constraints on the pressure of the Al2SiO5 triple point. Am Mineral 69:298–306
Robie RA, Hemingway BS, Fisher JR (1979) Thermodynamic properties of minerals and related substances at 298.15 K and 1 bar (105 pascals) and at higher temperatures. US Geol Surv Bull 1452
Robinson GR Jr, Haas JL Jr, Schafer CM, Haselton HT (1982) Thermodynamic and thermophysical properties of selected phases in the MgO-SiO2-H2O-CO2, CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O-CO2, and Fe-FeO-Fe2O3-SiO2 systems, with special emphasis on the properties of basalts and their mineral components. US Geol Surv Open-File Rept 83-79
Robinson GR Jr, Haas JL Jr (1983) Heat capacity, relative enthalpy, and calorimetric entropy of silicate minerals: an empirical method of prediction. Am Minerals 68:541–553
Sanders IS, Daly JS, Davies GR (1987) Late Proterozoic high pressure granulite facies metamorphism in the north-east Ox Inlier, north-west Ireland. J Meta Geol 5:69–85
Sharp ZD (1988) Metamorphism and Oxygen Isotope Geochemistry of the Northern Wind River Range, Wyoming. PhD Thesis Univ Michigan
Sharp ZD, Essene EJ, Anovitz LM, Metz GW, Westrum EF Jr, Hemingway BS, Valley JW (1986) The heat capacity of a natural monticellite and phase equilibria in the system CaO-MgO-SiO2-CO2. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 50:1475–1484
Skinner BJ (1966) Thermal Expansion. In: Clark SP Jr (ed) Handbook of physical constants, Geol Soc Am Mem 97:75–96
Srikantappa C, Raith M, Ackermand D (1985) High-grade regional metamorphism of ultramafic and mafic rocks from the Archaean Sargur Terrane. Karnataka, south India. Precambrian Res 30:189–219
Stoddard EF (1976) Granulite Facies Metamorphism in the ColtonRainbow Falls Area, Northwest Adirondacks, New York. PhD Thesis Univ California Los Angeles
Suwa Y, Tami Y, Naka S (1976) Stability of synthetic andradite at atmospheric pressure. Am Mineral 61:26–28
Tella S, Eade KE (1986) Occurrence and possible tectonic significance of high-pressure granulite fragments in the Tulemalu Fault Zone, District of Keewatin, N.W.T., Canada. Can J Earth Sci 23:1950–1962
Thompson DL (1983) The nature of anorthosite-country rock interaction during granulite facies metamorphism: an example from the Whitestone Anorthosite. MS Thesis McMaster University
Vaidya SN, Bailey S, Pasternack T, Kennedy GC (1973) Compressibility of fifteen minerals to 45 kilobars. J Geophys Res 78:6893–6898
Wagner ME, Srogi L (1987) Early Paleozoic metamorphism at two crustal levels and a tectonic model for the Pennsylvania-Delaware Piedmont. Geol Soc Am Bull 99:113–126
Wells PRA (1977) Chemical and thermal evolution of Archaean sialic crust, southern West Greenland. J Petrol 20:187–226
Winter JK, Ghose S (1979) Thermal expansion and high-temperature crystal chemistry of the Al2SiO5 polymorphs. Am Mineral 64:573–586
Wood BJ (1975) The influence of pressure, temperature and bulk composition on the appearance of garnet in orthogneisses — an example from South Harris, Scotland. Earth Plan Sci Lett 26:299–311
Wood BJ, Banno S (1973) Garnet-orthopyroxene and orthopyroxene-clinopyroxene relationships in simple and complex systems. Contrib Mineral Petrol 42:109–124
Wood BJ, Holloway JR (1984) A thermodynamic model for subsolidus equilibria in the system CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 48:159–176
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Contribution No. 447 from the Mineralogical Laboratory of the University of Michigan
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Moecher, D.P., Essene, E.J. & Anovitz, L.M. Calculation and application of clinopyroxene-garnet-plagioclase-quartz geobarometers. Contr. Mineral. and Petrol. 100, 92–106 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00399441
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00399441