Abstract
Denitrification was studied in the sediment of a shallow, Danish estuary in the spring and summer of 1982 and 1983. The acetylene blockage technique was used in undisturbed cores to estimate the in-situ activity of the process. A declining rate of denitrification was observed at the onset of the growth season when the allochthonous input of nitrate levelled off; the denitrification decreased from 5.1 mmol N m-2 d-1 in the early spring (April) to 0.3 mmol N m-2 d-1 in the early summer (June). The activity in the uppermost centimeter comprised more than 70% of the total. In this surface zone, a diurnal pulse of oxygen production from photosynthesis of benthic microalgae was found to affect the denitrification; the later had a distinct minimum in the day when the oxygen production was high and inhibitory. The subsequent, nocturnal stimulation of the denitrification was typically a factor of three or more in the investigated periods. We propose that oxygen is an important control factor for the daily, in-situ denitrification in shallow estuaries where light is adequate to reach the sediment. The availability of nitrate seems more important as a control factor for the seasonal variation of the process.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literature cited
Andersen, J. M.: Rates of denitrification of undisturbed sediment from six lakes as a function of nitrate concentration, oxygen and temperature. Arch. Hydrobiol.80, 147–159 (1977)
Armstrong, F. A. J., C. R. Stearns and J. D. H. Strickland: The measurement of upwelling and subsequent biological processes by means of the Technicon Autoanalyzer and associated equipment. Deep-Sea Res.14, 381–389 (1967)
Billen, G.: A budget of nitrogen recycling in North Sea sediments off the Belgian coast. Estuar. coast. mar. Sci. 7, 127–146 (1978)
Hynes, R. K. and R. Knowles: Effect of acetylene on autotrophic and heterotrophic nitrification. Can. J. Microbiol. 28, 334–340 (1982)
Jannasch, H. W.: Denitrification as influenced by photosynthetic oxygen production. J. gen. Microbiol.23, 55–63 (1960)
Jensen, H. B., K. S. Jørgensen and J. Sørensen: Diurnal variation of nitrogen cycling in coastal, marine sediments II. Nitrous oxide emission. Mar. Biol. 83, 177–183 (1984)
Kaspar, H. F.: Denitrification in marine sediment: measurement of capacity and estimate of in-situ rate. Appl. environ. Microbiol. 43, 522–527 (1982)
Kemp, W. M., R. L. Wetzel, W. R. Boynton, C. F. D'Elia and J. C. Stevenson: Nitrogen cycling and estuarine interfaces: some current concepts and research directions. In: Estuarine comparisons. 6th Biennal Int. Estuar. Res. Conf., pp 209–230. Ed. by V.S. Kennedy. New York: Academic Press 1982
Koike, I., A. Hattori and J. Goering: Controlled ecosystem pollution experiment: effect of mercury on enclosed water columns. VI. Denitrification by marine bacteria. Mar. Sci. Commun 4, 1–12 (1978)
Nedwell, D. B.: Exchange of nitrate, and the products of bacterial nitrate reduction, between seawater and sediment from a U.K. saltmarsh. Estuar. coast. Shelf Sci. 14, 557–566 (1982)
Nishio, T., I. Koike and A. Hattori: Denitrification, nitrate reduction, and oxygen consumption in coastal and estuarine sediments. Appl. environ. Microbiol. 43, 648–653 (1982)
Nishio, T., I. Koike and A. Hattori: Estimates of denitrification in coastal and estuarine sediments. Appl. environ. Microbiol.45, 444–450 (1983)
Nixon, S. W., C. A. Oviatt and S. S. Hall: Nitrogen regeneration and the metabolism of coastal marine bottom communities. In: The role of terrestrial and aquatic organisms in decomposition processes. 17th Symp. Br. Ecol. Soc., pp. 269–283. Ed. by J. M. Anderson and A. MacFadyen. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications 1976
Revsbech, N. P., J. Sørensen, T. H. Blackburn and J. P. Lomholt: Distribution of oxygen in marine sediments measured with microelectrodes. Limnol. Oceanogr. 25, 403–411 (1980)
Seitzinger, S., S. Nixon, M. E. Q. Pilson and S. Burke: Denitrification and N2O production in near-shore marine sediments. Geochim. cosmochim. Acta.44, 1853–1860 (1980)
Sørensen, J.: Denitrification rates in a marine sediment as measured by the acetylene blockage technique. Appl. environ. Microbiol. 36, 139–143 (1978)
Sørensen, J.: Seasonal variation and control of oxygen, nitrate and sulfate respiration in coastal marine sediments. In: Current perspectives in microbial ecology. 3rd Int. Symp. Microbial Ecol. pp 447–453. Ed. by M. J. Klug and C. A. Reddy. Washington, D. C.: Am. Soc. Microbiol. 1984
Triska, F. J. and R. S. Oremland: Denitrification associated with periphyton communities. Appl. environ. Microbiol.42, 745–748 (1981)
Weiss, R. F. and B. A. Price: Nitrous oxide solubility in water and seawater. Mar. Chem.8, 347–359 (1980)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by T. Fenchel, Aarhus
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Andersen, T.K., Jensen, M.H. & Sørensen, J. Diurnal variation of nitrogen cycling in coastal, marine sediments. Mar. Biol. 83, 171–176 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00394725
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00394725