Summary
1. Amounts of gibberellin extractable from young bean seedlings using phosphate buffer, and following acid hydrolysis, or protease treatment, have been examined and compared with those obtained using methanol extraction. 2. Considerable differences in the amounts of gibberellins extractable are found for different batches of material. The level of extracted gibberellin is less for dry seeds and for 1-day old seedlings than for seedlings 4 days old. Before germination, the amounts of free, buffer-soluble, gibberellins are low, but these rise rapidly in the postgermination period. 3. The appearance of large amounts of free gibberellins in the cotyledons, believed to represent the conversion of bound forms, is not dependent upon the presence of the embryonic axis, since removal of this at planting has only a small effect on the amount of gibberellin extractable at day 4. There is evidence for synthesis of new gibberellin in the intact seedling by day 4. 4. α amylase activity in the cotyledons also develops in the absence of the embryo, but the high levels of activity shown by intact seedlings are not reached in cotyledons cultured in absence of the embryo.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bagley, B. W., Cherry, J. H., Rollins, M. L., Altschul, A. M.: A study of protein bodies during germination of peanut (Arachis hypogea) seed. Amer. J. Bot. 50, 523–532 (1963).
Barendse, G. W. M., Kende, H., Lang, A.: Fate of radioactive gibberellin A1, in maturing and germinating seeds of peas and Japanese Morning Glory. Plant Physiol. 43, 815–222 (1968).
Dale, J. E., Felippe, G. M.: The gibberellin content and early seedling growth of plants of Phaseolus vulgaris treated with the growth retardant CCC. Planta (Berl.) 80, 288–298 (1968).
Felippe, G. M., Dale, J. E.: Effects of a growth retardant, CCC, on leaf growth in Phaseolus vulgaris. Planta (Berl.) 80, 328–343 (1968).
Hashimoto, T., Rappaport, L.: Variations in endogenous gibberellins in developing bean seed. I. Occurrence of neutral and acidic substances. II. Changes induced in acidic and neutral fractions by GA1. Plant Physiol. 41, 623–632 (1966).
Jones, R. L.: Aqueous extraction of gibberellins from pea. Planta (Berl.) 81, 97–105 (1968).
McComb, A. J.: “Bound” gibberellin in mature runner bean seeds. Nature (Lond.) 192, 375–376 (1961).
Opik, H.: Changes in cell fine structure in the cotyledons of Phaseolus vulgaris during germination. J. exp. Bot. 10, 427–439 (1966).
Paleg, L. G.: Physiological effects of gibberellic acid. I. On carbohydrate metabolism and amylase activity of barley endosperm. Plant Physiol. 35, 293–299 (1960).
Rappaport, L., Hsu, A., Thompson, R., Yang, S. F.: Fate of 14C-gibberellin A3 in plant tissues. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 144, 211–218 (1967).
Sembdner, G., Schneider, G., Weiland, J., Schreiber, K.: Über ein gebundenes Gibberellin aus Phaseolus coccineus. Experientia (Basel) 20, 1–4 (1964).
Varner, J. E.: Gibberellic acid controlled synthesis of α amylase in barley endosperm. Plant Physiol. 39, 413–415 (1964).
—, Balce, L. V., Huang, R. C.: Senescence of cotyledons in germinating peas. Influence of axis tissue. Plant Physiol. 38, 89–92 (1963).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dale, J.E. Gibberellins and early growth in seedlings of Phaseolus vulgaris . Planta 89, 155–164 (1969). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00386982
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00386982