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Effects of retinoids on regenerating limbs: comparison of retinoic acid and arotinoid at different amputation levels

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Summary

Retinoic acid and the synthetic retinoid, arotinoid, were compared for their efficacy in inducing proximodistal (PD) pattern duplication in regenerating axolotl limbs, after amputation through either the distal zeugopodium (lower arm or leg) or distal stylopodium (upper arm or leg). At each level of amputation, the morphology of the duplications produced was the same for both retinoids, and the mean level of proximalization was dose-dependent. Blastema formation was delayed by both retinoids and the delay was associated with regression of the limb stump. Blastemas which produced PD duplication to the stylopodial or girdle level grew out from the stump in a posterior direction. In several zeugopodial regenerates, a partially duplicated, PD-reversed zeugopodium regenerated between the stump cartilages and a completely duplicated zeugopodium distally. Arotinoid was 50 times more effective than retinoic acid in evoking duplication. The dose of arotinoid required to duplicate a stylopodium in a stylopodial regenerate was several times higher than the dose required to duplicate a zeugopodium in a zeugopodial regenerate, suggesting differences either in the sensitivity of zeugopodial and stylopodial cells to retinoid, or in the numbers of positional value specifying these segments.

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  1. Won-Sun Kim

    Present address: Department of Biology, college of Science and Engineering, Sogang University, Sinsudong 1, Mapogu, Seoul, Korea

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Genetics and Development, 515 Morrill Hall, University of Illinois, 505 S. Goodwin Avenue, 61801, Urbana, IL, USA

    Won-Sun Kim & David L. Stocum

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Kim, WS., Stocum, D.L. Effects of retinoids on regenerating limbs: comparison of retinoic acid and arotinoid at different amputation levels. Roux's Arch Dev Biol 195, 455–463 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00375749

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00375749

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