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Pathophysiologische aspekte der oberen luftwege: Nase, nasennebenhöhlen, ohrtrompete

Physiopathologic aspects of the upper respiratory ways: Nose, sinus and eustachian tube

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Summary

The physiopathology of the upper respiratory tract (nose, sinuses, Eustachian tube) is examinated on a double point of view: ventilation and drainage function. The authors put the accent on the importance of the air flow resistance of the nose, the measuring methods (rhino-manometry and plethysmography) and the physiological (nasal cycle), the pathological as well as the therapeutically induced variations of resistance. The interdependance of the nasal and the pulmonary resistances is emphasized as well as the importance of their simultaneous measurement as a valuable mean to assess the operative indications.

The nature and the mechanism of the mucociliary drainage of the nose are discussed. The measuring methods (among which an original device developed by the authors: the photooscillography) make evident the noxious effects of some environmental factors or of therapeutic agents as well as in some cases their favorable action. Some pathological disorders may also find an explanation.

The physiopathology of the sinuses is centered on their ostiums whose patency is essential for a good ventilation; the authors having prooved that the diffusion was responsible for this ventilation they have developed a new and very efficient method of aerosoltherapy (sonic or vibrated aerosols).

The physiopathology of the Eustachian tube has been examinated on 3 points: the pressure equalization function including gaseous exchanges, opening mechanism, quantitative testing of the tubal patency with a new method the “sonomanometry” by which it is possible to measure the dysfunction state and to assess the mucous or the muscular origin of the obstruction.

The biological and physiological mechanisms of the drainage function are exposed together with the diseases connected with tubal obstruction.

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  1. Centre d'études et de recherches techniques sous-marines Direction des Constructions et Armes Navales, F-83, Toulon-Naval, France

    R. Guillerm, R. Badré & J. Hée

  2. Hôpital des Armées Saint-Anne, F-83, Toulon-Naval, France

    R. Riu & R. le Den

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Guillerm, R., Riu, R., Badré, R. et al. Pathophysiologische aspekte der oberen luftwege: Nase, nasennebenhöhlen, ohrtrompete. Arch. Klin. Exp. Ohr.-, Nas.- U. Kehlk. Heilk. 199, 1–64 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00373227

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