Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Neoplastic and reactive human astrocytes express interleukin-8 gene

  • Neurooncology
  • Published:
Neurosurgical Review Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Expression of lymphokine genes in the human astroglial cell lineage was studied. Primers for 9 different human lymphokines, from IL-1α to IL-8, were used to analyze RNA transcripts in 5 cultured human astrocytoma cell lines and fresh brain specimens by PCR. mRNA transcripts for IL-8 were detected in all neuroglial cells. In addition to the cultured cells, we examined IL-8 gene expression within human malignant astrocytoma, peritumoral brain and autopsied normal brains. The result shows that tumor and cells of the surrounding reactive lesion express IL-8 genes, but it is not expressed in normal brains. Next, the concentration of IL-8 in supernatants of cultured cells was measured quantitatively by a solid phase ELISA assay. IL-8 activity was produced constitutively in all astrocytomas and increased markedly upon stimulation with IL-1β or TNF α, in both a time- and dose-dependent fashion. From these results, it is supected that astroglial cell-derived IL-8 may take part in neutrophil-mediated inflammation which accompanies infection, degeneration and malignancy in the brain.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Baggiolini M, A Walz, L Kunkel: Neutrophilactivating peptide-1/interleukin 8, a novel cytokine that activates neutrophils. J Clin Invest 84 (1989) 1045–1052

    Google Scholar 

  2. Benveniste EN, SM Sparacio, JG Norris, HE Grenett, GM Fuller: Induction and regulation of interleukin-6 gene expression in rat astrocytes. J Neuroimmunol 30 (1990) 201–207

    Google Scholar 

  3. Brenner CA, AW Tam, PA Nelson, EG Engleman, N Suzuki, KE Fry, JW Larrick: Message amplification phenotyping: A technique to simulataneously measure multiple mRNAs from small number of cells. Biotechniques 7 (1989) 1096–1103

    Google Scholar 

  4. Creamer HP, WL Gabler, WW Bullock: Endogenous component chenotactic assay (ECCA). Inflammation 7 (1983) 321–333

    Google Scholar 

  5. Eklers S, KA Smith: Differentiation of T cell lymphokine gene expression: The invitro acquisition of T cell memory. J Exp Med 173 (1991) 25–36

    Google Scholar 

  6. Esiri MM, D Gay: Immunological and neuropathological significance of the Virchow-Robin space. J Neurol Sci 100 (1990) 3–8

    Google Scholar 

  7. Fontana A, K Frei, S Bodmer, E Hofer: Immunemediated encephalitis; On the role of antigen-presenting cells in brain tissue. Immunol Rev 100 (1987) 185–201

    Google Scholar 

  8. Frohman EM, SV Den Noort, S Gupta: Astrocytes and intracerebral responses. J Clin Immunol 9 (1989) 1–9

    Google Scholar 

  9. Guilian D, LB Lachman: Interleukin-1 stimulation of astroglial proliferation after brain injury. Science 228 (1985) 497–499

    Google Scholar 

  10. Guilian D, TJ Baker, LN Shih, LB Lachman: Interleukin 1 of the central nervous system is produced by ameboid microglia. J Exp Med 164 (1986) 594–604

    Google Scholar 

  11. Kawasaki ES, SS Clark, MY Coyne, SD Smith, R Champlin, ON Witte, FP Mccormick: Diagnosis of chronic myeloid and acute lymphocytic leukemias by detection of leukemia-specific mRNA sequences amplified in vitro. Proc Natl Sci (USA) 85 (1988) 5698–5702

    Google Scholar 

  12. Larsen CG: Production of interleukin-8 by human dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes in response to interleukin-1 or tumor necrosis factor. Immunology 68 (1989) 31–36

    Google Scholar 

  13. Malech HL, JI Gallin: Neutrophils in human diseases. N Engl J Med 217 (1987) 687–694

    Google Scholar 

  14. Mantovani A, E Dejena: Cytokines as communication signals between leukocytes and endothelial cells. Immunol Today 10 (1989) 370–375

    Google Scholar 

  15. Massa PT, R Dorries, V Ter Menlen: Viral particles induces la antigen expression on astrocytes. Nature 320 (1986) 543–546

    Google Scholar 

  16. Meir EV, Y Sawamura, A-C Diserens, M-F Hamou, N Der Tribolet: Human glioblastoma cells release Interleukin-6 in vivo and in vitro. Cancer Res 50 (1990) 6683–6688

    Google Scholar 

  17. Merrill JE: Macroglia: neural cells responsive to lymphokines and growth factors. Immunol Today 8 (1987) 146–150

    Google Scholar 

  18. Minckler J (eds): Pathology of the nervous system. Vol 2, McGrow-Hill Book Co, pp 2026, 1986

  19. Mizel SB: The interleukins. FASEB J 3 (1989) 2379–2388

    Google Scholar 

  20. Nitta T, JR Oksenberg, NA Rao, L Steinman: Predominant expression of T cell receptor Vα 7 in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes of uveal melanoma. Science 249 (1990) 672–674

    Google Scholar 

  21. Quagliarello VJ, B Wispelwey, WL Long Jr, WM Scheld: Recombinant human interleukin-1 induces meningitis and blood-brain-barrier injury in the rat. J Clin Invest 87 (1991) 1360–1366

    Google Scholar 

  22. Schroder JM; U Mroms, E Morita, E Christophers: Purification and partial biochemical characterization of a human monocyte-derived, neutrophil-activating peptide that lacks interleukin 1 activity. J Immunol 139 (1987) 3474–3483

    Google Scholar 

  23. Springer TA: Adhesion receptors of the immune system. Nature 346 (1990) 425–434

    Google Scholar 

  24. Streiter RM, SL Kunkel, HJ Showell, DG Remick, SH Phan, PA Ward, RM Marks: Endothelial cell gene expression of a neutrophil chemotactic factor by TNF-α, LPS, and IL-1β. Science 243 (1989) 1467–1469

    Google Scholar 

  25. Yasukawa K, T Hirano, Y Watanabe, K Muratani, T Matsuda, S Nakai, T Kishimoto: Structure and expression of human B cell stimulatory factor-2 (BSF/IL-6) gene. EMBO J 6 (1987) 2939–2945

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology and Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, USA

    Taizo Nitta, Mark Allegretta & Lawrence Steinman

  2. Department of Immunology and Neurosurgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

    Ko Okumura & Kiyoshi Sato

Authors
  1. Taizo Nitta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Mark Allegretta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ko Okumura
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Kiyoshi Sato
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Lawrence Steinman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Nitta, T., Allegretta, M., Okumura, K. et al. Neoplastic and reactive human astrocytes express interleukin-8 gene. Neurosurg. Rev. 15, 203–207 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00345934

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00345934

Keywords

Search

Navigation