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Trail Making Test and visual search

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Summary

The performance in the Trail Making Test (Form A) was correlated with a variety of verbal and nonverbal tests in 5 groups of patients: Broca's aphasies (N= 18), Wernicke's aphasics (N= 19) and nonaphasic patients with right hemisphere (N= 20), left hemisphere (N= 17) or diffuse (N= 18) lesions. Correlations with the Trail Making Test were found for two tests, both requiring visual search. The “Objects Finding Test” in which the target varies from item to item showed high correlations for all groups of patients. The “Hidden Patterns Test”, in which the target is kept constant, correlated only on the groups of nonaphasic patients. It is concluded (1) that visual search, as tested here, is not restricted to lateralized cortical functions, and (2) that the performance in the Trail Making Test depends largely upon processes involved in visual search of varying targets.

Zusammenfassung

Der Trail Making Test (Form A) dient gewöhnlich der Diagnose des allgemeinen Schweregrads von Hirnschädigungen verschiedenster Lokalisation und Genese. Der Patient hat dabei 25 unregelmäßig über ein Blatt verteilte Kreise in numerisch angegebener Reihenfolge so schnell wie möglich durch Bleistiftstriche miteinander zu verbinden. Mittels Korrelationen wurde die Beziehung verschiedener verbaler wie nonverbaler Tests zur Testleistung im Trail Making Test bei fünf Patientengruppn untersucht: Broca-Aphasiker (N=18), Wernicke-Aphasiker (N=19) und Hirngeschädigte ohne Aphasie mit rechtshemisphärischen (N =20), linkshemisphärischen (N=17) oder diffusen (N=18) Läsionen. Zwei Tests, bei denen visuelle Suchleistungen gefordert waren, korrelierten mit dem Trail Making Test. Beim Test „Objekte Finden“, der die Suchleistung anhand wechselnder Suchobjekte prüft, ergaben sich Korrelationen bei allen Patientengruppen. Der „Hidden Patterns Test“, bei dem das Suchobjekt konstant bleibt, korrelierte nur bei nichtaphasischen Patientengruppen mit den Leistungen im Trail Making Test. Nach der vorliegenden Untersuchung scheinen visuelle Suchleistungen, insbesondere bei variablen Suchobjekten, weitgehend unabhängig von der Lokalisation der Hirnschädigung zu sein und eng mit den Leistungen im Trail Making Test zusammenzuhängen.

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Ehrenstein, W.H., Heister, G. & Cohen, R. Trail Making Test and visual search. Arch Psychiatr Nervenkr 231, 333–338 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00345589

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