Summary
Wounding in higher plants leads to an increased synthesis of specific messenger RNAs. A cDNA clone complementary to a wound-induced message from potato tubers was used to isolate a lambda clone from a genomic library of Salanum tuberosum var. Maris Piper. DNA sequence analysis has shown that this single genomic clone contains two novel wound-induced genes, called win1 and win2, organised in close tandem array. The coding sequences of these two genes are highly homologous and are interrupted by a single intron. However, the sequences of the introns and flanking regions have diverged widely. Win1 and win2 encode cysteine-rich proteins of 200 and 211 amino-acids, respectively, which show striking homologies to several chitin-binding proteins. Southern analysis of genomic DNA has shown that win1 and win2 are members of a small multi-gene family which is estimated to have a minimum of five members per haploid genome of Maris Piper and appears to be conserved within the Solanaceae. We have shown by Northern analysis and S1 mapping that the two genes exhibit differential organ-specific expression after the wounding of a potato plant.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Allen, AK, Neuberger A (1973) The purification and properties of the lectin from potato tubers, a hydroxyproline-containing glycoprotein. Biochem J 135:307–314
Bankier AT, Barrell BG (1983) Shotgun DNA sequencing. In: Flavell RA (ed) Techniques in the life sciences, vol B5. Elsevier, Ireland, pp 1–34
Boller T (1985) Induction of hydrolases as a defense reaction against pathogens. In: Key JL, Kosuge T (eds) Cellular and molecular biology of plant stress. Liss, New York, pp 247–262
Broglie KE, Gaynor JJ, Broglie RM (1986) Ethylene-regulated gene expression: Molecular cloning of the genes encoding an endochitinase from Phaseolus vulgaris. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83:6820–6824
Casalongue C, Lezica RP (1985) Potato lectin: A cell-wall glycoprotein. Plant Cell Physiol 26:1533–1539
Chapot M-P, Peumans WJ, Strosberg AD (1986) Extensive homologies between lectins from non-leguminous plants. FEBS Lett 195:231–234
Chappell J, Hahlbrock K (1984) Transcription of plant defense genes in response to UV light or fungal elicitor. Nature 311:76–78
Chen EY, Seeburg PH (1985) Supercoil sequencing: A fast and simple method for sequencing plasmid DNA. DNA 4:165–170
Chrispeels MJ, Sadava D, Cho YP (1974) Enhancement of extensin bioxynthesis in ageing disks of carrot storage tissue. J Exp Bot 25:1157–1166
Corbin DR, Sauer N, Lamb CJ (1987) Differential regulation of a hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein gene family in wounded and infected plants. Mol Cell Biol 7:4337–4344
Cramer CL, Bell JN, Ryder TB, Bailey JA, Schuch W, Bolwell GP, Robbins MP, Dixon RA, Lamb CJ (1985a) Co-ordinated synthesis of phytoalexin biosynthetic enzymes in biologically-stressed cells of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). EMBO J 4:285–289
Cramer CL, Ryder TB, Bell JN, Lamb CJ (1985b) Rapid switching of plant gene expression induced by fungal elicitor. Science 227:1240–1243
Darvill AG, Albersheim P (1984) Phytoalexins and their elicitors: a defense against microbial infection in plants. Annu Rev Plant Physiol 35:243–298
Dean C, van den Elzen P, Tamaki S, Dunsmuir P, Bedbrook J (1985) Linkage and homology analysis divides the eight genes for the small subunit of petunia ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase into three gene families. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82:4964–4968
Devereux J, Haeberli P, Smithies O (1984) A comprehensive set of sequence analysis programs for the VAX. Nucleic Acids Res 12:387–395
Esquerre-Tugaye MT, Mazau D (1974) Effect of a fungal disease on extensin, the plant cell wall glycoprotein. J Exp Bot 25:509–513
Feinberg AP, Vogelstein B (1983) A technique for radiolabelling DNA restriction endonuclease fragments to high specific activity. Anal Biochem 132:6–13
Friend J (1985) Phenolic substances and plant disease. Ann Proc Phytochem Soc 25:367–392
Hedrick SA, Bell JN, Boller T, Lamb CJ (1988) Chitinase cDNA cloning and mRNA induction by fungal elicitor, wounding, and infection. Plant Physiol 86:182–186
Henikoff S (1984) Unidirectional digestion with exonuclease III creates targeted breakpoints for DNA sequencing. Gene 28:351–359
Hoffman LM, Donaldson DD (1985) Characterization of two Phaseolus vulgaris phytohemagglutinin genes closely linked on the chromosome. EMBO J 4:883–889
Kahl G (1978) Biochemistry of wounded plant tissue. De Gruyter, Berlin
Kauffmann, S, Legrand M, Geoffroy, P, Fritig B (1987) Biological function of ‘pathogenesis-related’ proteins four PR proteins of tobacco have 1,3-β-glucanase activity. EMBO J 6:3209–3212
Lawton MA, Lamb CJ (1987) Transcriptional activation of plant defense genes by fungal elicitor, wounding, and infection. Mol Cell Biol 7:335–341
Lawton MA, Dixon RA, Hahlbrock K, Lamb C (1983) Rapid induction of the synthesis of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and of chalcone synthase in elicitor-treated plant cells. Eur J Biochem 129:593–601
Legrand M, Kauffmann S, Geoffroy P, Fritig B (1987) Biological function of pathogenesis-related proteins: four tobacco pathogenesis-related proteins are chitinases. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84:6750–6754
Lucas J, Henschen A, Lottspeich F, Voegeli U, Boller T (1985) Amino-terminal sequence of ethylene-induced bean leaf chitinase reveals similarities to sugar-binding domains of wheat germ agglutinin. FEBS Lett 193:208–210
Maniatis T, Fritsch EF, Sambrook J (1982) Molecular cloning. A laboratory manual. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
Mount SM (1982) A catalogue of splice junction sequences. Nucleic Acids Res 10:459–472
Nasmyth K (1983) Molecular analysis of a cell lineage. Nature 302:670–676
Perlman D, Halvorson HO (1983) A putative signal peptidase recognition site and sequence in eukaryotic and prokaryotic signal peptides. J Mol Biol 167:391–409
Ryan CA (1973) Proteolytic enzymes and their inhibitors in plants. Annu Rev Plant Physiol 24:173–196
Ryder TB, Hedrick SA, Bell JN, Ling X, Clouse SD, Lamb CJ (1987) Organization and differential activation of a gene family encoding the plant defense enzyme chalcone synthase in Phaseolus vulgaris. Mol Gen Genet 210:219–233
Shinshi H, Mohnen D, Meins F (1987) Regulation of a plant pathogenesis-related enzyme: Inhibition of chitinase and chitinase mRNA accumulation in cultured tobacco tissues by auxin and cytokinin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84:89–93
Shirras AD, Northcote DH (1984) Molecular cloning and characterisation of cDNAs complementary to mRNAs from wounded potato (Solanum tuberosum) tuber tissue. Planta 162:353–360
Somssich IE, Schmelzer E, Bollmann J, Hahlbrock K (1986) Rapid activation by fungal elicitor of genes encoding “pathogenesis-related” proteins in cultured parsley cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83:2427–2430
Staden R (1980) A new computer method for the storage and manipulation of DNA gel reading data. Nucleic Acids Res 8:3673–3694
Thomas PS (1980) Hybridization of denatured RNA and small DNA fragments transferred to nitrocellulose. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 77:5201–5205
Thornburg RW, An G, Cleveland TE, Johnson R, Ryan CA (1987) Wound-inducible expression of a potato inhibitor II-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene fusion in transgenic tobacco plants. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84:744–748
Van Loon LC (1985) Pathogenesis-related proteins. Plant Mol Biol 4:111–116
Walujono K, Mariono A, Hahn AM, Scholma RA, Beintema JJ (1975) Amino acid sequence of hevein. Proc Int Rubber Conf, vol 2. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, pp 518–531
Wright CS, Gavilanes F, Peterson DL (1984) Primary structure of wheat germ agglutinin isolectin 2. Peptide order deduced from X-ray structure. Biochemistry 23:280–287
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by J. Schell
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Stanford, A., Bevan, M. & Northcote, D. Differential expression within a family of novel wound-induced genes in potato. Mol Gen Genet 215, 200–208 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00339718
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00339718