Summary
Field and laboratory experiments were used to examine the efficiency of N uptake from various manure forms, and at different rates of application. In a field experiment, wheat was grown on soils with different amounts of 15N-labelled legume residues. The amount of N taken up by the crop was directly proportional to the amount applied, with a recovery of between 15% and 23% of the legume N. In a second field experiment, inorganic N was applied at rates varying from 0 to 120 kg N ha-1 in the presence and absence of poultry manure. The uptake of N by barley was 11 kg ha-1 greater in the manured plots when no inorganic N was applied, and 23 kg ha-1 greater when N was applied at the top rate. N uptake in a pot experiment was again shown to be directly proportional to the rate of manure application, but the amount of N taken up was strongly related to the N content of the manure. An incubation experiment demonstrated that net N mineralisation reached a maximum where residue concentrations were 1,5%. The significance of added nitrogen interactions in the context of manure-N additions is discussed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Azam F (1990) Comparative effects of organic and inorganic nitrogen sources applied to a flooded soil on rice yield and availability of N. Plant and Soil 125:255–262
Beauchamp EG (1983) Response of corn to nitrogen in preplant and sidedress applications of liquid dairy and cattle manure. Can J Soil Sci 63:377–386
Beauchamp EG (1986) Availability of nitrogen from three manures to corn in the field. Can J Soil Sci 66:713–720
Bingeman CW, Varner JE, Martin WP (1953) The effect of the addition of organic materials on the decomposition of an organic soil. Soil Sci Soc Am Proc 17:34–38
Christie P (1987) Some long-term effects of slurry on grassland. J Agric Sci Camb 108:529–541
Douglas BF, Magdoff FR (1991) An evaluation of nitrogen mineralisation indices for organic residues. J Environ Qual 20:368–372
Dyke GV, Patterson HD, Barnes TW (1976) The Woburn long-term experiment on green manuring, 1936–67; Results with barley. Rothamsted Annu Rep 1976, part 2, pp 119–151
Egginton GM, Smith KA (1986) Losses of nitrogen by denitrification from a grassland soil fertilised with cattle slurry and calcium nitrate. J Soil Sci 37:69–80
Frankenberger WT, Abdelmagid HM (1985) Kinetic parameters of nitrogen mineralisation rates of leguminous crops incorporated into soil. Plant and Soil 87:257–271
Goulding KWT, Webster CP (1989) Denitrification losses of nitrogen from arable soils affected by old and new organic matter from leys and farmyard manure. In: Hansen JA, Henriksen K (eds) Nitrogen in organic wastes applied to soils. Academic Press, London, pp 225–234
Hesterman OB, Russelle MP, Sheaffer CC, Heichel GH (1987) Nitrogen utilisation from fertiliser and legume-corn rotations. Agron J 79:726–731
Jenkinson DS, Johnston AE (1976) Soil organic matter in the Hoosfield continuous barley experiment. Rothamsted Annu Rep. part 2, pp 87–101
Jenkinson DS (1977) Studies on the decomposition of plant material in soil. IV. The effect of rate of addition. J Soil Sci 28:417–423
Jenkinson DS, Fox RH, Raynor JH (1985). Interactions between fertiliser nitrogen and soil nitrogen — the so-called “priming” effect. J Soil Sci 36:425–444
Jingguo W, Bakken LR (1989) Nitrogen mineralisation in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil, effect of the spatial distribution of N-rich and N-poor plant residues. In: Hansen JA, Henriksen K (eds) Nitrogen in organic wastes applied to soils. Academic Press, London, pp 81–97
Kirchmann H (1989) A 3-year N balance study with aerobic, anaerobic and fresh 15N-labelled poultry manure. In: Hansen JA, Henriksen K (eds) Nitrogen in organic wastes applied to soils. Academic Press, London, pp 113–125
Ladd JN, Amato M, Jackson RB, Butler HA (1983 a) Utilisation by wheat crops of nitrogen from legume residues decomposing in soils in the field. Soil Biol Biochem 15:231–238
Ladd JN, Jackson RB, Amato M, Butler JHA (1983 b) Decomposition of plant material in Australian soils. I. The effect of quantity added on decomposition and on residual microbial biomass. Aust J Soil Res 21:563–570
Mian MH, Stewart WDP (1985) A 15N tracer study to compare nitrogen supply by Azolla and ammonium sulphate to IR 8 rice plants grown under flooded conditions. Plant and Soil 83:371–379
Muller M, Sundman V (1988) The fate of nitrogen (15N) released from different plant materials during decomposition under field conditions. Plant and Soil 105:133–139
Myers RJK, Paul EA (1971) Plant uptake and immobilisation of 15N-labelled ammonium nitrate in a field experiment with wheat. In: Nitrogen-15 in plant-soil studies. International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, pp 55–64
Newman EI (1985) The rhizosphere: Carbon sources and microbial populations. In: Fitter AH (ed) Ecological interactions in soil. Spec Publ No. 4 of the British Ecological Society. Blackwell, Oxford, pp 107–121
Ono S (1989) Nitrogen mineralisation from paddy and upland soils under flooded and non-flooded incubation. Soil Sci Plant Nutr 35:417–426
Opperman MH, Wood M, McBain L, Harris P (1989) The characterisation of cattle slurry and the response of a range of crop plants to slurry application. In: Van der Meer HG, Unwin RJ, van Dijk TA, Ennik GC (eds) Animal wastes on grassland and fodder crops: Fertiliser or waste? Martinus Nijhoff, Dordrecht, pp 321–329
Pink LA, Allison FE (1951) Maintenance of soil organic matter: 3. Soil Sci 71:67–75
Powlson DS (1988) Measuring and minimising losses of fertiliser nitrogen in arable agriculture. In: Jenkinson DS, Smith KA (eds) Nitrogen efficiency in agricultural soils. Elsevier, London, pp 231–245
Powlson DS, Jenkinson DS, Pruden G, Johnston AE (1985) The effect of straw incorporation on the uptake of nitrogen by winter wheat. J Sci Food Agric 36:71–73
Ragg JM, Futty DW (1967) The soils of the country around Haddington and Eyemounth. Memoris of the Soil Survery of Great Britain. Her Majesty's Stationary Office, Edinburgh
Recous S, Fresneau C, Faurie G, Mary B (1988) The fate of labelled 15N urea and ammonium nitrate applied to a winter wheat crop. I. Nitrogen transformations in the soil. Plant and Soil 112:205–214
Redman MH, Wigglesworth SA, Vinten AJA (1989) Nitrogen dynamics of a leguminous green manure. In: Hansen JA, Henriksen KAJ (eds) Nitrogen in organic wastes applied to soils. Academic Press, London, pp 98–112
Russell RS (1977) Plant root systems: Their function and interaction with soil. McGraw-Hill, London
Smith KA, Howard RS, Crichton I (1988) Efficiency of recovery of nitrogen fertiliser by winter barley. In: Jenkinson DS, Smith KA (eds) Nitrogen efficiency in agricultural soils. Elsevier, London, pp 73–84
Sorenson LH (1982) Mineralisation of organically bound nitrogen in soil as influenced by plant growth and fertilisation. Plant and Soil 65:51–61
Tiedje JM, Sextone AJ, Parkin TB, Reusbech NP, Shelton DR (1984) Anaerobic processes in soils. In: Tinsley J, Darbyshire JF (eds) Biological processes and soil fertility. Nijhoff/Junk, The Hague, pp 197–212
van Veen JA, Merckx R, van de Geijn SC (1989) Plant and soil related controls of the flow of carbon from roots through soil microbial biomass. Plant and Soil 115:179–188
Vinten AJA, Howard RS, Redman MH (1991) Measurement of leaching losses from arable plots under different nitrogen input regimes. Soil Use Manage 7:3–14
Wagger MG, Kissel DE, Smith SJ (1985) Mineralisation of nitrogen from nitrogen-15 labelled crop residues under field conditions. Soil Sci Soc Am J 49:1220–1226
Waring SA, Bremner JM (1964) Ammonium production in soil under waterlogged conditions as an index of nitrogen availability. Nature (London) 201:951–952
Yaacob O, Blair GJ (1980) Mineralisation of 15N-labelled legume residues in soils with different nitrogen contents and its uptake by Rhodes grass. Plant and Soil 57:237–248
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rees, R.M., Yan, L. & Ferguson, M. The release and plant uptake of nitrogen from some plant and animal manures. Biol Fertil Soils 15, 285–293 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00337214
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00337214