Abstract
The trophozoït of Noctiluca miliaris has a large nucleus (30 μ) with several nucleoli of considerable size that contain DNA fibrillae lying in the interspaces. — Before and during the first sporogenetic divisions, the nucleoli disintegrate, releasing towards the cytoplasma numerous groups of ribonucleic granules passing through the nuclear ampullae. At the end of the sporulation, there are no nucleoli visible in the nuclei and no ampullae. — The nucleoplasm diminishes, as the DNA filaments are built up, to form the meshes of a network which limit the masses of chromatic material that take the shape of chromosomes characterized by regular fibrillar arches, at the 8–16 nuclei stage. In their centre, there is an axial structure which remains intact during the chromosomal segregation; its function during mitosis seems to be important: supplementary layers of arches appear at this level. — The progressive condensation of the chromosomes is correlated to the sporogenetic evolution of the nuclei, not to the different phases of the mitotic cycle. — The karyokinesis is brought about, during early stages, by mere splitting of the chromatic mass and of its envelope, and later one by separation into two lots of chromosomes. The segregation of these chromosomes is effected by partial intervention and growth of the envelope of the nucleus; there is no centromeric structure visible. At the end of divisions, the nucleus is almost entirely formed by its chromosomes. — The nucleolar structure, the karyokinesis, the structure of the nuclear envelope and the chromosomal cycle show the particularly high evolution of Noctiluca, within the Dinoflagellata.
Similar content being viewed by others
Bibliographie
Afzelius, B. A.: The nucleus of Noctiluca scintillans. Aspects of nucleocytoplasmic exchanges and the formation of nuclear membrane. J. Cell Biol. 19, 229–238 (1963).
Babillot, C.: Étude des effets de l'Actinomycine D sur le noyau du Péridinien Amphidinium carteri. J. Microscopie 9, 485–502 (1969).
Bouligand, Y.: Sur l'existence de pseudomorphoses cholestériques chez divers organismes vivants. J. Phys. Radium (Paris) Coll. C4, 90–108 (1969).
Bovier-Lapierre, E.: Observations sur les Noctiluques. C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 40, 579 (1886).
Calkins, G. N.: Mitosis in Noctiluca miliaris and its bearing on the nuclear relations of the Protozoa and Metazoa. J. Morph. 15, 711–768 (1899).
Chatton, E.: Classe des Dinoflagellés ou Péridiniens. In: Traité de Zoologie (P. P. Grassé, ed.) 1, 309–390. Paris: Masson et Cie. 1952.
Dodge, J. D.: Chromosome structure in the Dinophyceae. II. Cytochemical study. Arch. Mikrobiol. 48, 66–80 (1964).
Dodge, J. D.: A Dinoflagellate, with both a mesocaryotic and a eucaryotic nucleus. Protoplasma (Wien) 73, 145–157 (1971a).
Dodge, J. D.: Fine structure of the Pyrrophyta. Bot. Rev. 37, 481–508 (1971b).
Dodge, J. D., Crawford, R. M.: Fine structure of Gymnodinium fuscum (Dinophyceae). New Phytologist 63, 613–618 (1969).
Gansen, P. van, Boloukhere-Presburg, M.: Ultrastructure de l'Algue unicellulaire Acetabularia mediterranea. J. Microscopie 4, 347–362 (1965).
Gansen, P. van, Schram, A.: Évolution of the nucleoli during oogenesis in Xenopus laevis studied by electron microscopy. J. Cell Sci. 10, 339–367 (1972).
Goor, A. C. J.: Die Cytologie von Noctiluca miliaris im Lichte der neueren Theorien über den Kernbau der Protisten. Arch. Protistenk. 39, 147–208 (1918).
Grell, K. G., Ruthmann, A.: Über die Karyologie des Radiolars Aulacantha scolymantha und die Feinstruktur seiner Chromosomen der Dinoflagellaten. Chromosoma (Berl.) 17, 230–245 (1965).
Gross, F.: Zur Biologie und Entwicklungsgeschichte von Noctiluca miliaris. Arch. Protistenk. 83, 178–196 (1934).
Haller, G. de, Kellenberger, E., Rouiller, C.: Étude au microscope électronique des plasmas contenant de l'acide désoxyribonucléique. III. Variations ultrastructurales des chromosomes d'Amphidinium. J. Microscopie 3, 627–642 (1964).
Ishikawa, C.: Further observations on the nuclear division of Noctiluca. J. C. Sci. Coll. 12, 243–262 (1899).
Karnovsky, M. J.: A formaldehyde-glutaraldehyde of high osmolality for use in electron microscopy. J. Cell Biol. 27, 137a (1967).
Luft, J. H.: Improvements in epoxy resin embedding methods. J. biophys. biochem. Cytol. 9, 409 (1961).
Mollenhauer, H. H.: Plastic embedding mixtures for use in electron microscopy. Stain Technol. 39, 111 (1964).
Pearse, A. G. E.: Histochemistry, 2e ed. London: Churchill (1960).
Pratje, A.: Noctiluca miliaris Suriray. Beiträge zur Morphologie, Physiologie und Cytologie. Arch. Protistenk. 42, 1–98 (1921).
Prensier, G.: Modalités de la division métagamique chez Diplauxis hatti (Grégarine monocystidée). Étude ultrastructurale. Thèse de 3ème cycle. Faculté des Sciences de Lille 1971.
Reynolds, S.: The use of lead citrate at high pH as an electron opaque stain in electron microscopy. J. Cell Biol. 17, 208 (1963).
Richardson, K. C., Jarett, L., Finke, E. H.: Embedding in epoxy resins for ultrathin sectioning in electron microscopy. Stain Technol. 35 (6), 313–323 (1960).
Ris, H.: Interpretation of ultrastructure in the cell nucleus. In: The interpretation of ultrastructures (R. C. J. Harris, ed.), 66–88. New York: Academic Press (1962).
Ryter, A.: Association of the nucleus and the membrane of Bacteria. A morphological study. Bact. Rev. 32, 39–54 (1968).
Ryter, A., Kellenberger, E.: Étude au microscope électronique de plasmas contenant de l'acide désoxyribonucléique. Z. Naturforsch. 13b, 597–605 (1958).
Soyer, M. O.: Sur l'existence d'un axe chromosomien chez certains Dinoflagellés. C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 265, 1206–1209 (1967).
Soyer, M. O.: Étude cytologique ultrastructurale d'un Dinoflagellé libre, Noctiluca miliaris S. Trichocystes et inclusions paracristallines. Vie Milieu 19, 305–314 (1968)a).
Soyer, M. O.: Présence de formations fibrillaires complexes chez Noctiluca miliaris S. et discussion de leur rôle dans la motilité de ce Dinoflagellé. C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 266, 2428–2430 (1968)b).
Soyer, M. O.: Étude ultrastructurale des inclusions paracristallines, intramitochondriales et intravacuolaires chez Noctiluca miliaris S., Dinoflagellé, et observations concernant la genèse des trichocystes fibreux et muqueux. Protistologica 5, 327–334 (1969)a).
Soyer, M. O.: L'enveloppe nucléaire chez Noctiluca miliaris S. (Dinoflagellata). I. Quelques données sur son ultrastructure et son évolution au cours de la sporogenèse. J. Microscopie 8, 569–580 (1969)b).
Soyer, M. O.: L'enveloppe nucléaire chez Noctiluca miliaris S. (Dinoflagellata). II. Rôle des ampoules nucléaires et de certains constituants cytoplasmiques dans la mécanique mitotique. J. Microscopie 8, 709–720 (1969)c).
Soyer, M. O.: Les ultrastructures liées aux fonctions de relation chez Noctiluca miliaris S. (Dinoflagellata). Z. Zellforsch. 104, 29–55 (1970a).
Soyer, M. O.: Étude ultrastructurale de l'endoplasme et des vacuoles chez deux types de Dinoflagellés appartenant aux genres Noctiluca (Suriray) et Blastodinium (Chatton). Z. Zellforsch. 105, 350–388 (1970b).
Soyer, M. O.: Observations ultrastructurales sur la condensation sporogenétique des chromosomes chez Noctiluca miliaris S. (Dinoflagellé, Noctilucidae). C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 271, 1003–1006 (1970c).
Soyer, M. O.: Structure du noyau des Blastodinium (Dinoflagellés parasites): division et condensation chromatique. Chromosoma (Berl.) 33, 70–114 (1971).
Stosch, H. A. von: Zum Problem der sexuellen Fortpflanzung in der Peridineengattung Ceratium. Helgoländer wiss. Meeresunters. 10, 140–152 (1964).
Vien Cao: Sur l'existence de phénomènes sexuels chez un Péridinien libre, l'Amphidinium carteri. C. r. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 264, 1006–1008 (1967).
Wilkins, M. H. F., Battaglia, B.: Note on the preparation of specimens of oriented sperm-heads for X-ray diffraction and infra-red absorption studies and on some pseudo-molecular behaviour of sperm. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 11, 412–415 (1953).
Winkelstein, J., Menefee, M. G., Bell, A.: Basic fuchsin as a stain osmium-fixed epon-embedded tissue. Stain Technol. 38, 202–204 (1963).
Zingmark, R.: Ultrastructural studies on two kinds of mesocaryotic Dinoflagellate nuclei. Amer. J. Bot. 57, 586–592 (1970).
Zingmark, R.: Sexual reproduction in the Dinoflagellate Noctiluca miliaris Suriray. J. Phycol. 6, 122–126 (1970).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Soyer, M.O. Les ultrastructures nucléaires de la Noctiluque (Dinoflagellé libre) au cours de la sporogenèse. Chromosoma 39, 419–441 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00326176
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00326176