Summary
We use the Tfm (testicular feminization) mutation of the mouse to reexamine the role of Wolffian and Müllerian ducts during formation of the vagina. Threedimensional graphical reconstructions of the lower genital tract are prepared from serial sections of male, female, and Tfm embryos from day 15 p.c. until 8 days after birth.
The reconstructions show that in female and Tfm animats the caudal segments of Wolffian and Müllerian ducts fuse and migrate caudally, whereas in the male they do not fuse and remain in their original position. Following down-growth, separate Wolffian and Müllerian ducts emerge from the fused caudal tips of the ducts. The Wolffian ducts degenerate, while the Müllerian ducts fuse with each other and form the vagina. Wolffian and Müllerian ducts are connected to the urogenital sinus by the sinus ridges which in later stages are separated from the sinus by lateral furrows. The sinus ridges are replaced by the Müllerian ducts. We conclude that the vagina develops by down-growth of Wolffian and Müllerian ducts along the sinus ridges. Wolffian ducts and sinus ridges regress so that the definitive vagina is formed by the Müllerian ducts.
In Tfm embryos the vagina forms as in the female but subsequently degenerates, probably due to the action of AMH. The vaginal pocket in the Tfm is the variable remainder of the vagina at the end of the degeneration process.
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Supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Dr 94/6-4 and Th 323/1-1
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Mauch, R.B., Thiedemann, KU. & Drews, U. The vagina is formed by downgrowth of Wolffian and Müllerian ducts. Anat Embryol 172, 75–87 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00318946
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00318946