Summary
A lake population of the cyclopoid copepod Cyclops strenuus Fischer had a 1-year life cycle including a diapause from June to January. Dormant stages consisted of fertilized females, not previously described as a diapause stage, and a small fraction of cop V. The longevity of the sperm in a diapausing female was at least 6–7 months. Pre-fertilization is assumed to be an adaptive mechanism to assure fertilization when male abundance is low. This life cycle pattern also gives a shorter time-lag between diapause break and offspring development, and also the low total adult population exerts a lower predation pressure on their offspring. The flexibility of life cycle patterns of copepods is emphasized.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Allen JA (1976) Life history patterns in zooplankton. Am Nat 110: 165–180
Bayly IAE (1986) Ecology of the zooplankton of a meromictic antarctic lagoon with special reference to Drepanopus bispinosus (Copepoda: Calanoida). Hydrobiol 140: 199–231
Einsle U (1964) Larvalentwicklung von Cyclopoiden und Photoperiodik. Naturwissenschaften 51:345
Einsle U (1975) Revision der Gattung Cyclops s. str. speziell der abyssorum—Gruppe. Mem Ist Ital Idrobiol 32:57–219
Elbourn CA (1966) The life-cycle of Cyclops strenuus strenuus Fischer in a small pond. J Anim Ecol 35:333–347
Elgmork K (1959) Seasonal occurrence of Cyclops strenuus strenuus in relatin to environment in small waterbodies in southern Norway. Folia Limnol Scand 11:1–196
Elgmork K (1964) Dynamics of zooplankton communities in some small inundated ponds. Folia Limnol Scand 12:1–83
Elgmork K (1967) Ecological aspects of diapause in copepods. Proc Symp Crustacea Part III:947–954
Elgmork K (1980) Evolutionary aspects of diapause in freshwater copepods. In: Kerfoot, WC (ed.) Evolution and Ecology of Zooplankton Communities. The University Press of New England, Hanover pp 411–417
Halvorsen G, Elgmork K (1976) Vertical distribution and seasonal cycle of Cyclops scutifer Sars (Crustacea, Copepoda) in two ologotrophic lakes in Southern Norway. Norw J Zool 24: 143–160
Kajak Z (1971) Benthos of standing water. In: Edmondson WT, Winberg GG (eds) A manual on methods for the assessment of secondary productivity in fresh waters. IBP Handbook no. 17. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford and Edinburgh, pp 25–65
Larsen DA (1982) Populasjonsdynamikk til zooplankton i Fievann, et mixotroft kystvann i Aust-Agder, med spesiell vekt på konkuranse og predasjon som regulerende faktorer. Unpubl. thesis Zool. Inst. Univ Oslo p 166. (In Norwegian)
Larsson P (1978) The life cycle dynamics and production of zooplankton in Øvre Heimdalsvatn. Holarct Ecol 1:162–218
Nilssen JP (1978) On the evolution of life histories of limnetic cyclopoid copepods. Mem Ist Ital Idrobiol 36: 193–214
Nilssen JP (1982) A simple method for maintaining a laboratory supply of limnetic cyclopoid copepods. Hydrobiol 94:213–216
Nilssen JP, Elgmork K (1977) Cyclops abyssorum—life cycle dynamics and habitat selection. Mem Ist Ital Idrobiol 34:197–238
Nyberg J (1981) Zooplanktonsamfunnet i Borrevannet, Vestfold, med spesiell vekt på livshistoriene til Cyclops strenuus. Mesocyclops leucarti og Eurytemora velox. Unpubl thesis Zool Inst Univ Oslo p 118 (In Norwegian)
Østdahl T (1983) Felt- og laboratoriestudie av Cyclops strenuus (Cyclopoida, crustacea), med spesiell vekt på fekunditet og diapausens adaptive verdi. Unpubl. thesis. Zool Inst Univ Oslo p 120 (In Norwegian)
Parker GA (1970) Sperm competition and its evolutionary consequences in the insects. Biol Rev 45:525–567
Sandøy S, Nilssen JP (1987) Life cycle dynamics and vertical distribution of Heterocope saliens (Lillj.) in two anthropogenic acidic lakes in southern Norway. Arch Hydrobiol 110 (1):83–99
Sarvala J (1979) Benthic resting periods of pelagic cyclopoids in an oligotrophic lake. Holarct Ecol 2:88–100
Schindler DW (1969) Two useful devices for vertical plankton and water sampling. J Fish Res Bd Can 26:1948–1955
Schminke HK (1982) Die Nauplius-Stadien von Parastenocaris vicesima Klie, 1935 (Copepoda, Parastenocarididae). Drosera (1): 101–108
Taber S, Blum MS (1960) The preservation of honey bee semen. Science 131:1734–1735
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Næss, T., Nilssen, J.P. Diapausing fertilized adults. Oecologia 86, 368–371 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00317602
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00317602