Summary
Seven healthy males (19–32 y) underwent each of four separate conditions in a repeated measures design. Five of these subjects underwent an additional trial. In four of five trials subjects received 2.0 mg atropine sulfate intramuscularly in the anterolateral portion of the left thigh: at rest (T1); following completion of a single exercise (Ex) bout (T2), (Each bout consisted of 25 min of stationary cycling at 40% VO2 max with 5 min of seated rest), prior to three Ex bouts (T3) and following one and prior to three Ex bouts (T5). Trial 4 (T4) was the same as T3 with the substitution of a saline placebo. Serum samples were collected over a 12 h period and atropine concentration was determined by RIA. Ex trials were compared to T1.
Ex prior to atropine (T2) significantly decreased the mean volume of distribution (Vz, 278 vs 2321). Ex in T3 significantly decreased the serum half life (t1/2, 4.2 vs 3.5 h), Vz (278 vs 1981), and clearance (CL, 763 vs 638 ml·min−1) and significantly increased the peak concentration (Cp, 6.7 vs 12.3 ng·ml−1) and area under the curve (AUC, 44.1 vs 53.1 ng·ml−1). In T5, Ex significantly decreased the t1/2 (3.4 h), Vz (182 l) and CL (575 ml·min−1) and significantly increased the absorption rate constant (ka, 0.482 vs 1.1 min−1), elimination rate constant (ke, 0.0012 vs 0.0015 min−1), Cp (14 ng·ml−1) and AUC (53.3 ng·h·ml−1).
These results demonstrate that moderate Ex either prior to and/or immediately following drug administration has the capacity to significantly modify atropine pharmacokinetics.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Goodman AG, Goodman LS, Rallard TW, Muray F (1985) Goodman and Gilman's Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 7th ed. Macmillan, New York, pp 130–144
Dossing M (1985) Effect of acute and chronic exercise on hepatic drug metabolism. Clin Pharmacokin 10: 426–431
Kamimori GH, Somani SM, Knowlton RG, Perkins RM (1987) The effects of obesity and exercise on the pharmacokinetics of caffeine in lean and obese volunteers. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 31: 595–600
Lowenthal DT, Kendrick ZV (1985) Drug-exercise interactions. Ann Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 25: 275–305
Adams RG, Verma P, Jackson AJ, Miller RL (1982) Plasma pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered atropine in normal human subjects. J Clin Pharmacol 22: 477–481
Lowensohn HS (1986) Atropine's effect upon the heart and its systemic output. WRAIR REPORT ET-86-1, U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command, Ft. Detrick, Maryland
McCardle WD, Katch FI, Katch VL (1981) Exercise Physiology. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, pp 368–391
Harrison LI, Smallridge RC, Lasseter KC, Goldlust MB, Shamblen EC, Gam VW, Chang SF, Kvam DC (1986) Comparative absorption of inhaled and intramuscular atropine sulfate. Ann Rev Res Dis 134: 254–257
Schumaker RC (1986) PKCALC. Drug Metab Rev 17: 331–348
Mundie TG, Pamplin CL, Phillips YY, Smallridge RC (1988) Effect of exercise on the absorption of intramuscular atropine sulfate. Pharmacology 37: 132–136
Rowell LB (1986) Human Circulation: Regulation during physical stress. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 78–96
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kamimori, G.H., Smallridge, R.C., Redmond, D.P. et al. The effect of exercise on atropine pharmacokinetics. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 39, 395–397 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00315417
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00315417