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A computed tomography study of Alzheimer's disease

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Summary

Computed tomography (CT) was used to study cerebral atrophy in 18 patients with clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease of presenile type and in 14 healthy age-matched subjects as controls. Using the computerized planimetric method, Subarachnoid Space Volume Index and Ventricle Volume Index were calculated as the measure of cortical atrophy and ventricular dilatation respectively. From the results the following conclusions were drawn:

  1. 1.

    The cerebral atrophy in Alzheimer patients could be attributable to the disease processes rather than to physiological aging of the brain.

  2. 2.

    The degree of atrophy increases in parallel with the progress of the clinical stage, and the cortical atrophy is already apparent at an early stage, whereas the ventricular dilatation becomes pronounced at later stages.

  3. 3.

    CT could be one of the most useful clinical tests available for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.

Zusammenfassung

Die vorliegende Studie beruht auf vergleichende CT-Verlaufsuntersuchungen über die Entwicklung hirnatrophischer Vorgänge bei 18 Patienten mit klinisch diagnostizierter Alzheimerscher Krankheit und einer Kontrollgruppe von 14 altersentsprechenden Gesunden. Mit computerisierter planimetrischer Methode in 3 Ebenen wurden der Subarachnoidal-Volumen-Index (SVI) und der Ventrikel-Volumen-Index (VVI) als Parameter für das Ausmaß der korticalen Atrophien bzw. der ventrikulären Dilatationen errechnet. Aus den Ergebnissen lassen sich folgende Schlüsse ziehen:

  1. 1.

    Die cerebrale Atrophie beim Alzheimer-Patienten könnte eher vom Krankheitsprozeß abhängig sein als von physiologischen Altersvorgängen des Gehirnes.

  2. 2.

    Der Grad der Atrophien nimmt mit fortschreitenden klinischen Stadien zu. Dabei sind die korticalen Atrophien bereits in frühen Stadien erkennbar, während die Ventrikelerweiterungen erst in späteren erscheinen.

  3. 3.

    CT könnte einer der nützlichsten klinischen Tests für die Diagnostik der Alzheimerschen Krankheit sein.

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Arai, H., Kobayashi, K., Ikeda, K. et al. A computed tomography study of Alzheimer's disease. J Neurol 229, 69–77 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00313444

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