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Glaucophane chloritoid-bearing assemblages from NE Oman: petrologic significance and a petrogenetic grid for high P metapelites

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Abstract

Pelitic layers and lenses interbedded with blueschists and eclogites in Saih Hatat, NE Oman contain chloritoid- and sodic amphibole-bearing mineral assemblages that are useful for reconstructing the P-T history of the area. Textural and mineral chemical relations suggest that coexisting glaucophane (Gln) and chloritoid (Ctd) formed at the expense of chlorite (Chl)+paragonite (Pg) and later broke down to garnet (Gt)+Pg during prograde metamorphism according to the reaction: Gln+Ctd+Qz=Gt+Pg+H2O. During retrogression, Gln and Chl first formed at the expense of Gt and Pg, followed by the breakdown of Ctd and Gt to Chl. The final stages of retrogression are marked by the breakdown of Gln to an aggregate of Chl+albite (Ab). A projection from quartz (Qz), H2O and phengite (Ph) on the (Al2O3+Fe2O3)-(FeO+MgO)-Na2O plane in the system NFMASH is best suited for the representation of the phase relations in high P metapelites. Petrogenetic grids for the model systems NMASH and NFASH were calculated using program GEO-CALC (Berman et al. 1987) and its database (Berman 1988) after the retrieval of S oi and ΔH of for Gln and Ctd by mathematical programming and calculating all possible reactions among Gln, Ctd, Chl, jadeite (Jd), Ab, Gt, Pg, talc (Tc), pyrophyllite (Prl) and kyanite (Ky). The calculated petrogenetic grid for the system NFASH shows that Fe-Ctd and ferroglaucophane coexist at P>6.5 kbar and T<525°C, whereas the assemblage: Ct-Gln-Pg is stable between 435 and 630°C and P>6 kbar. This grid is consistent with the P-T estimates for high P metapelites from Oman, New Caledonia, Seward Peninsula, Ile de Groix, Sifnos and Peloponnese, where Gln+Ctd bearing units are interbedded with cofacial mafic blueschists and eclogites. The grid also explains the observed textural relations in the metapelites of Oman, and is consistent with the “clockwise” P-T path proposed for this area, but differs from the grids of Guiraud et al. (1990) in showing a larger stability field for Gln+Ctd that overlaps with the stability fields of Jd+Qz as well as Ab. The petrogenetic grid calculated for the system NMASH shows that Mg-Ctd+Gln-bearing assemblages require unusually low geothermal gradients to form in metapelites. It also shows that Mg-rich Ctd+Tc coexist at high pressures over a wider P-T range than predicted by Guiraud et al. (1990). This grid can therefore be applied to high P metamorphic assemblages from the eastern and western Alps.

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Abbreviations

Ab :

Albite

Act :

Actinolite

Alm :

Almandinc

a i :

activity of component “i”

Cal :

Calcite

Car :

Carpholite

Chl :

Chlorite

Co :

Corundum

Coes :

Coesite

Cpx :

Clinopyroxene

Cr :

Crossite

Ctd :

Chloritoid

Czo :

Clinozoisite

Dap :

Daphnite

Ep :

Epidote

Fgl :

Ferroglaucophane

ΔG of :

Standard state Gibbs free energy of formation of phase “i”

Gln :

Glaucophane

Grph :

Graphite

Gt :

Garnet

ΔH m f,i :

Standard state enthalpy of formation of phase “i”

Hem :

Hematite

Ilm :

Ilmenite

Jd :

Jadeite

Ky :

Kyanite

Lws :

Lawsonite

Mgt :

Magnetite

Omph :

Omphacite

Pg :

Paragonite

Ph :

Phengite

Prl :

Pyrophyllite

Qz :

Quartz

Rt :

Rutile

S a i :

Third law entropy of phase “i”

St :

Staurolite

Tc :

Talc

Tr :

Tremolite

Ttn :

Titanite (Sphene)

V :

H2O

WM :

white mica

Zo :

Zoisite

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  1. Geology Department, Stanford University, 94305, Stanford, CA, USA

    A. K. El-Shazly & J. G. Liou

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El-Shazly, A.K., Liou, J.G. Glaucophane chloritoid-bearing assemblages from NE Oman: petrologic significance and a petrogenetic grid for high P metapelites. Contr. Mineral. and Petrol. 107, 180–201 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00310706

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