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New inflammation markers for early detection of spondylodiscitis

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Résumé

De nos jours encore, le long délai entre l'installation des symptômes et l'établissement du diagnostic (6,4 mois en moyenne dans notre étude) reste une des caractéristiques des spondylodiscites. Afin d'améliorer la détection précoce des infections rachidiennes, de nouveaux paramètres de l'inflammation ont été établis chez les patients porteurs de spondylodiscite. La néoptérine est produite par les macrophages après leur activation par les T-lymphocytes, la PMN élastase est libérée par les granulocytes activés. La VS s'est révélée être le test le plus sensible, mais sa spécificité diagnostique reste faible. La sensibilité du taux des leucocytes est faible. La PCR et la néoptérine ont atteint un taux de sensibilité de 75% dans les spondylodiscites, et ont présenté une bonne spécificité diagnostique. La sensibilité de la PMN élastase a atteint 67%. Contrairement à l'ESR, les nouveaux marqueurs de l'inflammation sont également utiles dans la surveillance des spondylodiscites traitées. La PMN élastase est parmi ces marqueurs, celui qui se normalise le plus rapidement. Pour la détection précoce des spondylodiscites et le suivi clinique, nous recommandons les dosages combinés de la PCR, de la néoptérine et de la PMN élastase.

Summary

Even today a significant feature of spondylodiscitis is the long interval between the onset of symptoms and the establishment of the diagnosis (on average 6.4 months in our study). In order to improve early detection of spinalinfections, new markers of inflammation were determined in patients with spondylodiscitis. Neopterin is produced by macrophages after their activation by T-lymphocytes, polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) elastase is set free by activated granulocytes. Erythrocyte sediment rate (ESR) showed the highest sensitivity of all determined inflammation markers, but reached only a poor diagnostic specificity. The sensitivity of the white blood cell count was poor. C-reactive protein (CRP) and neopterin reached a sensitivity of 75% each in spondylodiscitis and had a good diagnostic specifity. Sensitivity of PMN elastase reached 67%. Contrary to ESR the new inflammation markers were also helpful in the following up of treated spondylodiscitis. PMN elastase showed quickest normalization of all inflammation parameters. For early detection of spondylodiscitis and clinical follow up we recommed combined determinations of CRP, neopterin and PMN elastase.

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Zilkens, K.W., Peters, K.M. & Schwanitz, B.M. New inflammation markers for early detection of spondylodiscitis. Eur Spine J 1, 152–155 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00301305

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