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Effect of laden solid particles on the turbulent flow structure of a round free jet

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Abstract

The effect of solid particles on the flow structure of a round air jet in a stagnant surrounding was investigated experimentally. Information on the averaged two-component velocities, the kinetic energies, and the u′ v′-properties were obtained for both phases by means of a monochromatic three beam laser Doppler anemometer. The particle number density was also measured by this system. Glass beads of 64 μm and 132 μm diameter were used for a constant mass loading ratio of 0.3 in a jet with a Reynolds number of 20 000. The lateral mean velocity and number density profiles were expressed by best fitting functions and several invariable coefficients were found. The standard drag force coefficient C D for a single particle was applicable for a dilute particle cloud even in a non-uniform air velocity field.

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Abbreviations

a :

spreading coefficient of best fitting function

C D :

Drag coefficient

C m :

spreading coefficient

D :

outlet diameter of tube

d :

particle diameter

d p :

mean particle diameter

F :

interphase friction factor

g :

acceleration due to gravity

k :

kinetic energy

L :

tube length

M :

mass loading ratio

m :

mass flow

N :

number density

n :

exponent of best fitting function

P :

lateral pressure

r :

radius

Re :

air Reynolds number at the outlet

Re p :

particle Reynolds number

U :

axial mean velocity

u′2 :

axial mean velocity fluctuation

U 0 :

air velocity at the outlet

u′υ′:

shear stress

V :

lateral mean velocity

υ′2 :

lateral mean velocity fluctuation

υsp :

volume of a single particle

W :

relative velocity between air and particle

w′ 2 :

tangential mean velocity fluctuation

X :

coordinate in axial direction

y :

coordinate in lateral direction

η:

dimensionless coordinate

νa :

kinematic viscosity

v t :

turbulent viscosity

ϱ:

density

φ:

volume fraction

ψ:

stream function

a :

air phase

c :

centerline

ca :

center line air phase

cp :

center line particle phase

n :

number density

p :

particle phase

x :

axial direction

y :

lateral direction

References

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Japan

    D. Fleckhaus, K. Hishida & M. Maeda

Authors
  1. D. Fleckhaus
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  2. K. Hishida
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  3. M. Maeda
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Fleckhaus, D., Hishida, K. & Maeda, M. Effect of laden solid particles on the turbulent flow structure of a round free jet. Exp. Fluids 5, 323–333 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00277711

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00277711

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