Summary
We previously described the isolation and the nucleotide sequence of a nuclear gene from sorghum (NMDHI; 4.6 kb) encoding the NADP-malate dehydrogenase. Further analysis led us to identify a second homologous gene (NMDH II; 4.8 kb) located within the same 12.3 kb genomic clone (λLM17); these two genes are tandemly organized, in direct orientation. This second gene was entirely sequenced and comparison with the first gene showed that the positions on the 14 exons and 13 introns are conserved in both genes. The analysis of the genomic organization and copy number in the Sorghum vulgare genome revealed that there are no additional homologues and there is only one copy each of NMDH I and NMDH II. The isolation of two different cDNA clones in a previous work suggested that both genes were probably expressed. Analysis of specific mRNA accumulation during the greening process using synthetic oligonucleotide probes showed that the NMDH I gene is induced in the presence of light while the NMDH II gene seems to be constitutively expressed at low level.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- Cab:
-
chlorophyll a/b binding protein
- CTAB:
-
N-cetyl-N,N,N-trimethyl-ammonium bromide
- NADP-MDH:
-
NADP-dependent dehydrogenase
- RbcS:
-
ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase small subunit
- SSC:
-
0.15 M NaCl, 0.015 M sodium citrate pH 7.6
References
Crétin C, Luchetta P, Joly C, Miginiac-Maslow M, Decottignies P, Jacquot JP, Vidal J, Gadal P (1988) Identification of a cDNA clone for sorghum leaf malate dehydrogenase (NADP). Light-dependent mRNA accumulation. Eur J Biochem 174:497–501
Crétin C, Luchetta P, Joly C, Decottignies P, Lepiniec L, Gadal P, Sallantin M, Huet JC, Pernollet JC (1990) Primary structure of Sorghum malate dehydrogenase (NADP) deduced from cDNA sequence: Homology with malate dehydrogenases (NAD). Eur J Biochem 192:299–303
Decottignies P, Schmitter JM, Miginiac-Maslow M, Le Marechal P, Jacquot JP, Gadal P (1988) Primary structure of the lightdependent regulatory site of corn NADP-malate dehydrogenase. J Biol Chem 263:11780–11785
Douglas C, Hoffmann H, Schulz W, Hahlbrock K (1987) Structure and elicitor or u.v.-light-stimulated expression of two 4-coumarate: CoA ligase genes in parsley. EMBO J 6:1189–1195
Ferté N, Jacquot JP, Meunier JC (1986) Structural, immunological and kinetic comparisons of NADP-dependent malate dehydrogenases from spinach (C3) and corn (C4) chloroplasts. Eur J Biochem 154:587–595
Fickenscher K, Scheibe R, Marcus F (1987) Amino acid sequence similarity between malate dehydrogenases (NAD) and pea chloroplast malate dehydrogenase (NADP). Eur J Biochem 168:653–658
Fluhr R, Kuhlemeier C, Nagy F, Chua NH (1986) Organ-specific and light-induced expression of plant genes. Science 232:1106–1111
Gilmartin PM, Sarokin L, Memelink J, Chua NH (1990) Molecular light switches for plant genes. Plant Cell 2:369–378
Giuliano G, Pichersky E, Malik VS, Timko MP, Scolnik PA, Cashmore AR (1988) An evolutionarily conserved protein binding sequence upstream of a plant light-regulated gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85:7089–7093
Hatch MD, Slack CR (1969) NADP-specific malate dehydrogenase and glycerate kinase in leaves and evidence for their location in chloroplasts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 34:589–593
Hatch MD, Slack CR (1970) Photosynthetic CO2-fixation pathways. Annu Rev Plant Physiol 21:141–162
Hebert U (1974) Metabolite exchange between chloroplasts and cytoplasm. Annu Rev Plant Physiol 25:393–421
Henikoff S (1984) Unidirectional digestion with exonuclease III creates targeted breakpoints for DNA sequencing. Gene 28:351–359
Jacquot JP, Gadal P, Nishizawa A, Yee BC, Crawford NA, Buchanan BB (1984) Enzyme regulation in C4 photosynthesis: mechanism of activation of NADP-malate dehydrogenase by reduced thioredoxin. Arch Biochem Biophys 228:170–178
Kozak M (1984) Compilation and analysis of sequences upstream from the translational start site in eukaryotic mRNAs. Nucleic Acids Res 12:857–872
Lee JS, Brown WE, Graham GP, Pearce G, Fox EA, Dreher TW, Ahern KG, Pearson GD, Ryan CA (1986) Molecular characterization and phylogenetic studies of a wound-inducible proteinase inhibitor I gene in Lycopersicon species. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83:7277–7281
Luchetta P, Crétin C, Gadal P (1990) Structure and characterization of the Sorghum vulgare gene encoding NADP-malate dehydrogenase. Gene 89:171–177
Lütcke HA, Chow KC, Mickel FS, Moss KA, Kern HF, Scheele GA (1987) Selection of AUG initiation codons differs in plants and animals. EMBO J 6:43–48
Metzler MC, Rothermel BA, Nelson T (1989) Maize NADP-malate dehydrogenase: cDNA cloning, sequence, and mRNA characterization. Plant Mol Biol 12:713–722
Murray MG, Thompson WF (1980) Rapid isolation of high molecular weight plant DNA. Nucleic Acids Res 8:4321–4325
Perrot-Rechenmann C, Jacquot JP, Gadal P, Weeden NF, Cseke C, Buchanan BB (1983) Localisation of NADP-malate dehydrogenase of corn leaves by immunological methods. Plant Sci Lett 30:219–226
Sambrook J, Fritsch EF, Maniatis T (1989) Molecular cloning. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
Sanger F, Nicklen S, Coulson AR (1977) DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 74:5463–5467
Sheen JY, Bogorad L (1987a) Regulation of levels of nuclear transcripts for C4 photosynthesis in bundle sheath and mesophyll cells of maize leaves. Plant Mol Biol 8:227–238
Sheen JY, Bogorad L (1987b) Differential expression of C4 pathway genes in mesophyll and bundle sheath cells of greening maize leaves. J Biol Chem 262:11726–11730
Sommer H, Saedler H (1986) Structure of the chalcone synthase gene of Antirrhinum majus. Mol Gen Genet 202:429–434
Ting IP, Rocha V (1971) NADP-specific malate dehydrogenese of green spinach leaf tissue. Arch Biochem Biophys 147:156–164
Vaucheret H, Kronenberger J, Rouzé P, Caboche M (1989) Complete nucleotide sequence of the two homeologous tobacco nitrate reductase genes. Plant Mol Biol 12:597–600
Vidal J (1981) Mécanismes de la photorégulation de la phosphénolpyruvate carboxylase et de la malate déshydrogenase à NADP chez les végétaux supérieurs. Thése de doctorat d'état. University of Paris XI, France
Wei CF, Alianell GA, Bencen GH, Gray HB (1983) Isolation and comparison of two molecular species of the BAL 31 nuclease from Alteromonas espejiana with distinct kinetic properties. J Biol Chem 258:13506–13512
Yanisch-Perron C, Vieira J, Messing J (1985) Improved M13 phage cloning vectors and host strains: nucleotide sequence of the M13mpl8 and pUC19 vectors. Gene 33:103–119
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by A. Kondorosi
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Luchetta, P., Crétin, C. & Gadal, P. Organization and expression of the two homologous genes encoding the NADP-malate dehydrogenase in Sorghum vulgare leaves. Molec. Gen. Genet. 228, 473–481 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00260642
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00260642