Summary
The freezing of the concentrated PVA water solutions results in obtaining (after thawing) hydrogels of non-covalent nature. In the course of a single freezing-thawing cycle there is no any noticeable destruction or covalent cross-linking of PVA macromolecules.
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Lozinsky, V.I., Domotenko, L.V., Vainerman, E.S. et al. On the possibility of mechanodestruction of poly(vinyl alcohol) molecules under moderate freezing of its concentrated water solutions. Polymer Bulletin 15, 333–340 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00254852
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00254852