Summary
Injections of 125I wheat-germ agglutinin or horseradish peroxidase into the eyes of turtles labeled retrogradely cells in a mesencephalic reticular area lying between the trochlear and the isthmic nuclei. Their number was small and they were found predominantly contralateral to the injected eye. These reticular neurons were not labeled following control injections into the orbital cavity and therefore are considered to project to the retina similar to correspondingly located neurons in some other vertebrates.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
References
Bass AH, Northcutt RG (1981) Retinal recipient nuclei in the painted turtle Chrysemys picta: An autoradiographic and HRP study. J Comp Neurol 199:97–112
Bowling DB (1980) Light responses of ganglion cells in the retina of the turtle. J Physiol (Lond) 299:173–196
Cervetto L, Marchiafava PL, Pasino E (1976) Influence of efferent retinal fibers on responsiveness of ganglion cells to light. Nature 260:56–57
Cowan WM (1970) Centrifugal fibers to the avian retina. Brit Med Bull 26:112–118
Ebbesson SOE, Meyer DL (1981) Efferents to the retina have multiple sources in teleost fish. Science 214:924–926
Ferguson JL, Mulvanny PJ, Brauth SE (1978) Distribution of neurons projecting to the retina of Caiman crocodilus. Brain Behav Evol 15:294–306
Fritzsch B, Himstedt W (1981) Pretectal neurons project to the salamander retina. Neurosci Lett 24:13–17
Granda AM, Dvorak CA (1977) Vision in turtles. In: Crescitelli F (ed) Handbook of sensory physiology VII/5: The visual system in vertebrates. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 451–495
Halpern M, Wang RT, Colman DR (1976) Centrifugal fibers to the eye in a nonavian vertebrate: Source revealed by horseradish peroxidase studies. Science 194:1185–1187
Hayes BP, Holden AL (1983) The distribution of centrifugal terminals in the pigeon retina. Exp Brain Res 49:189–197
Hoogland PV, Welker E (1981) Telencephalic projections to the eye in Python reticulatus. Brain Res 213:173–176
Itaya SK (1980) Retinal efferents from the pretectal area in the rat. Brain Res 201:436–441
Jensen RJ, de Voe RD (1982) Ganglion cells and (dye-coupled) amacrine cells in the turtle retina that have possible synaptic connection. Brain Res 240:146–150
Kolb H (1982) The morphology of the bipolar cells, amacrine cells and ganglion cells in the retina of the turtle Pseudemys scripta elegans. Phil Trans Roy Soc Lond B 298:355–393
Luiten PGM (1981) Two visual pathways to the telencephalon in the nurse shark (Ginglymostoma cirratum). I. Retinal projections. J Comp Neurol 196:531–538
Luiten PGM, Dijkstra-de Vlieger HP (1978) Extraocular muscle representation in the brainstem of the carp. J Comp Neurol 179:669–676
Marchiafava PL (1976) Centrifugal actions on amacrine and ganglion cells in the retina of the turtle. J Physiol 255:137–155
Mesulam MM (1978) Tetramethyl benzidine for horseradish peroxidase neurohistochemistry: A non-carcinogenic blue reaction product with superior sensitivity for visualizing neural afferents and efferents. J Histochem Cytochem 26:106–117
Miles FA (1972) Centrifugal control of the avian retina: III, Effects of electrical stimulation of the isthmo-optic tract on the receptive field properties of retinal ganglion cells. Brain Res 48:115–129
Normann R, Perlman I (1979) Signal transmission from red cones to horizontal cells in the turtle retina. J Physiol 286:509–524
O'Leary DDM, Cowan WM (1982) Further studies on the development of the isthmo-optic nucleus with special reference to the occurrence and fate of ectopic and ipsilaterally projecting neurons. J Comp Neurol 212:399–416
Reiner A (1981) A projection of displaced ganglion cells and giant cells to the accessory optic nuclei in turtle. Brain Res 204:403–409
Repérant J, Peyrichoux J, Weidner C, Miceli D, Rio JP (1980a) The centrifugal visual system in Vipera aspis. An experimental study using retrograde axonal transport of HRP and (3H) adenosine. Brain Res 183:435–441
Repérant J, Vesselkin NP, Ermakova TV, Kenigfest NB, Kosareva AA (1980b) Radioautographic evidence for both orthograde and retrograde axonal transport of labeled compounds after intraocular injection of (3H) proline in the lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis). Brain Res 200:179–183
Schnyder H, Künzle H (1983) Differential labeling in neuronal tracing with wheat germ agglutinin. Neurosci Lett 35:115–120
Schroeder DM (1981) Retinal afferents and efferents of an infrared sensitive snake, Crotalus viridis. J Morphol 170:29–42
Springer AD (1983) Centrifugal innervation of goldfish retina from ganglion cells of the nervus terminalis. J Comp Neurol 214:404–415
Stöckel K, Schwab M, Thoenen R (1977) Role of gangliosides in the uptake and retrograde axonal transport of cholera and tetanus toxin as compared to nerve growth factor and wheat germ agglutinin. Brain Res 132:273–285
Ulinski PS (1980) Functional morphology of the vertebrate visual system: An essay on the evolution of complex systems. Am Zool 20:229–246
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Schnyder, H., Künzle, H. The retinopetal system in the turtle Pseudemys scripta elegans . Cell Tissue Res. 234, 219–224 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00217415
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00217415