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Towards a functional classification of ectomycorrhizal fungi

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Abstract

Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi have previously been divided into two groups (‘early-stage’ and ‘latestage’) based on their position in ‘ectomycorrhizal succession’. This classification has a number of limitations, particularly in the lack of precision in the terminology adopted and its general applicability. Many species cannot be easily assigned to either stage, and the behaviour of some species is modified by environmental conditions. In addition, a number of different mechanisms of ECM succession have been proposed, including the influence of organic matter and root exudates. In this paper, it is suggested that the phenomenon of ECM succession can be explained simply by the relative ability of different fungi to colonize and spread from different sources of inoculum. Epidemiological characteristics, such as the ability to produce mycelial strands or to spread on root systems by secondary infection, may therefore provide a more appropriate basis for a functional classification of ECM fungi. The functionally important characteristics of ECM fungi are discussed.

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Author notes

  1. A. C. Newton

    Present address: Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 OQB, Midlothian, UK

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  1. Department of Botany, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, UK

    A. C. Newton

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Newton, A.C. Towards a functional classification of ectomycorrhizal fungi. Mycorrhiza 2, 75–79 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00203253

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