Summary
Nonlinear sampling along the constant-time dimension is applied to the constant-time HNCO spectrum of the dimerization domain of Ga14. Nonlinear sampling was used for the nitrogen dimension, while the carbon and proton dimensions were sampled linearly. A conventional ct-HNCO spectrum is compared with a nonlinearly sampled spectrum, where the gain in experiment time obtained from nonlinear sampling is used to increase the resolution in the carbonyl dimension. Nonlinearly sampled data are processed by maximum entropy reconstruction. It is shown that the nonlinearly sampled spectrum has a higher resolution, although it was recorded in less time. The constant intensity of the signal in the constant-time dimension allows for a variety of sampling schedules. A schedule of randomly distributed sampling points yields the best results. This general method can be used to significantly increase the quality of heteronuclear constant-time spectra.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Barna, J.C.J., Laue, E.D., Mayger, M.R., Skilling, J. and Worrall, S.J.P. (1987) J. Magn. Reson., 73, 69–77.
Bax, A., Mehlkopf, A.F. and Smidt, J. (1979) J. Magn. Reson., 35, 167–169.
Bax, A., De Jong, P.G., Mehlkopf, A.F. and Smidt, J. (1980) J. Magn. Reson. 69, 567–570.
Bax, A. and Pochapsky, S.S. (1992) J. Magn. Reson., 99, 638–643.
Clore, G.M. and Gronenborn, A.M. (1991) Prog. NMR Spectrosc., 23, 43–92.
Clubb, R.T., Thanabal, V. and Wagner, G. (1992) J. Magn. Reson., 97, 213–217.
Davis, A.L., Boelens, R. and Kaptein, R. (1992) J. Biomol. NMR, 2, 395–400.
Grzesiek, S. and Bax, A. (1992) J. Magn. Reson., 96, 432–440.
Grzesiek, S. and Bax, A. (1993) J. Biomol. NMR, 3, 185–204.
Hoch, J.C. (1989) Methods Enzymol. 176, 216–241.
Hodgkinson, P., Mott, H.R., Driscoll, P.C., Jones, J.A. and Hore, P.J. (1993) J. Magn. Reson. Rer. B., 101, 218–222.
Hurd, R.E. (1990) J. Magn. Reson., 87, 422–428.
Jones, J.A. and Hore, P.J. (1991) J. Magn. Reson., 92, 496–514.
Kay, L.E., Ikura, M., Tschudin, R. and Bax, A. (1990) J. Magn. Reson., 89, 496–514.
Kay, L.E. (1993) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115, 2055–2057.
Laue, E.D., Skilling, J., Staunton, J., Sibisi, S. and Bereton, R.G. (1985) J. Magn. Reson., 62, 437–452.
Laue, E.D., Mayger, M.R., Skilling, J. and Staunton, J. (1986) J. Magn. Reson., 68, 14–29.
Marion, D., Ikura, M., Tschudin, R. and Bax, A. (1989) J. Magn. Reson., 85, 393–399.
McIntosh, L.P. and Dahlquist, F.W. (1990) Q. Rev. Biophys., 23, 1–38.
Montelione, G.T. and Wagner, G. (1990) J. Magn. Reson., 87, 183–188.
Powers, R., Gronenborn, A.M., Clore, G.M. and Bax, A. (1991), J. Magn. Reson., 94, 209–213.
Robin, M., Delsuc, M.-A., Guittet, E. and Lallemand, J.-Y. (1991) J. Magn. Reson., 92, 645–650.
Schmieder, P., Stern, A.S., Wagner, G. and Hoch, J.C. (1993) J. Biomol. NMR, 3, 569–576.
Sibisi, S. (1983) Nature, 301, 134–136.
Skilling, J. and Bryan, R.K. (1984) Mon. Not.R. Astron. Soc., 211, 111–124.
Sklenar, V., Piotto, M., Leppik, R. and Saudek, V. (1993) J. Magn. Reson. Ser. A., 102, 241–245.
Stephenson, D.S. (1988) Prog. NMR Spectrosc., 14, 515–626.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Schmieder, P., Stern, A.S., Wagner, G. et al. Improved resolution in triple-resonance spectra by nonlinear sampling in the constant-time domain. J Biomol NMR 4, 483–490 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00156615
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00156615