Abstract
Oscillatory potentials found on the ascending phase of the electroretinogram b-wave probably originate in some element(s) of the inner plexiform layer. As oscillatory potentials are particularly sensitive to changes in retinal, and possibly choroidal, blood flow, they have been used extensively to provide clinical measures of the degree of retinal ischemia during the progression of diabetic retinopathy. Recent studies in our laboratories have disclosed previously unreported significant variability in the photopic oscillatory potentials on repeated measures even in tightly controlled conditions. The amplitude of five recordable light-adapted wavelets exhibited considerable intra- and inter-subject variability. Until further investigation can determine factors affecting standardization of testing, it appears that changes in oscillatory potential implicit times rather than in amplitudes are a better measurement in clinical neurophysiology.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Cobb WA, Morton HB. A new component of the human electroretinogram. J Physiol (London) 1954; 123: 36–7.
Ogden TE. The oscillatory waves of the primate electroretinogram. Vision Res 1973; 13: 1059–74.
Heynen H, Wachtmeister L, Van Norren D. Origin of the oscillatory potentials in the primate retina. Vision Res 1985; 25: 1365–73.
Wachtmeister L. Further studies of the chemical sensitivity of the oscillatory potentials of the electroretinogram (ERG). I. GABA- and glycine antagonists. Acta Ophthalmol 1980; 58: 712–25.
Wachtmeister L. Further studies of the chemical sensitivity of the oscillatory potentials of the electroretinogram (ERG). II. Glutamate aspartate and dopamine antagonists. Acta Ophthalmol 1981; 59: 247–58.
Wachtmeister L. Further studies of the chemical sensitivity of the oscillatory potentials of the electroretinogram (ERG). III. Some amino acids and ethanol. Acta Ophthalmol 1981; 59: 609–19.
Wachtmeister L. On the oscillatory potentials of the human electroretinogram in light and dark adaptation. Acta Ophthalmol 1972; 116 (Suppl): 5–32.
Algvere P, Westbeck S. Human ERG in response to double flashes of light during the course of dark adaptation: A Fourier analysis of the oscillatory potentials. Vision Res 1972; 12: 195–214.
Algvere P, Wachtmeister L, Westbeck S. On the oscillatory potentials of the human electroretinogram in light and dark adaptation. I. Thresholds and relation to stimulus intensity on adaptation to short flashes of light. A Fourier analysis. Acta Ophthalmol 1972; 50: 737–59.
Gjotterberg M. Double flash human electroretinogram with special reference to the oscillatory potentials and the early phase of dark adaptation: A normative study. Acta Ophthalmol 1974; 52: 291–303.
Gur M, Zeevi Y. Frequency-domain analysis of the human electroretinogram. J Opt Soc Am 1980; 70(1): 53–9.
Speros P, Price J. Oscillatory potentials: History, techniques and potential use in the evaluation of disturbances of retinal circulation. Surv Ophthalmol 1981; 25(4): 237–52.
Algvere P. Clinical studies on the oscillatory potentials of the human electroretinogram with special reference to the scotopic b-wave. Acta Ophthalmol 1968; 46: 993–1024.
Yonemura D, Kawasaki K. New approaches to ophthalmic electrodiagnosis by retinal oscillatory potential, drug-induced responses from retinal pigment epithelium and cone potential. Doc Ophthalmol 1979; 48: 163–222.
Bresnick GH, Korth K, Groo A, Palta M. Electroretinographic oscillatory potentials predict progression of diabetic retinopathy. Preliminary report. Arch Ophthalmol 1984; 102: 1307–11.
Arden GB, Hamilton AMP, Wilson-Holt J, Ryan S, Yudkin JS, Kurtz A. Pattern electroretinograms become abnormal when background diabetic retinopathy deteriorates to a preproliferative stage: Possible use as a screening test. Br J Ophthalmol 1986; 70: 330–5.
Coupland SG. Oscillatory potential changes related to stimulus intensity and light adaptation. Doc Ophthalmol 1987; 66: 195–205.
Lovasik JV, Spafford MM. An electrophysiological investigation of visual function in juvenile insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1988; 65: 236–53.
Brunette JR, Desrochers R. Oscillatory potentials: A clinical study in diabetics. Can J Ophthalmol 1970; 5: 373–80.
Gunkel RD, Bergsma DR, Gouras P. A ganzfeld stimulator for electroretinography. Arch Ophthalmol 1976; 94: 669–70.
Lovasik JV. Pharmacokinetics of topically applied cyclopentolate HCl and tropicamide. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1986; 63: 787–803.
Jaanus SD, Pagano VT, Bartlett JD. Drugs affecting the autonomic nervous system. In: Clinical Ocular Pharmacology. Bartlett JD, Jaanus SD, eds. Boston: Butterworths, 1984: 37–130.
Dawson WW, Trick GL, Litzkow CA. Improved electrode for electroretinography. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1979; 18: 988–991.
Wachtmeister L, Dowling JE. The oscillatory potentials of the mudpuppy retina. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1978; 17: 1176–88.
Eichler J, Stave J, Bohm J. Oscillatory potentials in hypertensive retinopathy. Doc Ophthalmol Proc Series 1984; 40: 161–5.
Moschos M, Panagakis E, Angelopoulos A. Changes of oscillatory potentials of the ERG in diabetic retinopathy. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 1987; 7: 477–9.
Coupland SG. A comparison of oscillatory potential and pattern electroretinogram measures in diabetic retinopathy. Doc Ophthalmol 1987; 66: 207–18.
Gur M, Zeevi YY, Bielik M, Neumann E. Changes in the oscillatory potentials of the electroretinogram in glaucoma. Curr Eye Res 1987; 6: 457–66.
MacKay GJ, Gouras P. Light-adaptation augments the amplitude of the human cone ERG. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1985; 26 (Suppl): 323.
Kojima M, Zrenner E. Off-components in response to brief light flashes in the oscillatory potential of the human electroretinogram. Graefes Klin Exp Ophthalmol 1978; 206: 107–20.
Gutierrez O, Spiguel RD. Electroretinographic study of the effect of reserpine on the cat retina. Vision Res 1971; 3(Suppl): 161–81.
Kamp CW. The dopamine system of the retina. In: Retinal transmitters and modulators: Models for the brain. Vol. 2. Morgan WW, ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press Inc., 1985: 1–31.
Kramer SG. Dopamine: A retinal neurotransmitter. I. Retinal uptake, storage, and light-stimulated release of H3-dopamine in vivo. Invest Ophthalmol 1971; 10: 438–52.
Kramer SG, Potts AM, Mangnall Y. Dopamine: A retinal neurotransmitter. II. Autoradiographic localization of H3-dopamine in the retina. Invest Ophthalmol 1971; 10: 617–24.
Starr MS. The effects of various amino acids, dopamine and some convulsants on the electroretinogram of the rabbit. Exp Eye Res 1975; 21: 79–87.
Dzikowski J. Dopamine effect on ERG curve under experimental conditions. Klinika Oczna 1980; 82: 61–4.
Filipova M, Balik J, Filip V, Rodny J, Krejcova H. Electroretinographic changes in patients with parkinsonism treated with various classes of antiparkinsonian drugs. Activ Nerv Sup (Praha) 1979; 21: 136–42.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kothe, A.C., Lovasik, J.V. & Coupland, S.G. Variability in clinically measured photopic oscillatory potentials. Doc Ophthalmol 71, 381–395 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00152765
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00152765