Skip to main content
Log in

Analysis and development of students' skill in selfregulated learning

  • Published:
Higher Education Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The research reported here deals with students' skill in selfregulated learning. After analyzing the essential components of selfregulated learning, theoretical notions are presented on how skill in selfregulated learning could be developed in students. Next, two empirical studies are reported. In the first study, relationships between the components of selfregulated learning are investigated, as well as relationships between those components and variables such as educational experience, study results and age of students. The second study represents an attempt to help students to develop their skill in selfregulated learning. A Study Advisory Packet was developed intended to broaden their conceptions of learning, education and cooperation and to enlarge their metacognitive knowledge of studying. By means of an evaluative study the usefulness of this packet in the reality of studying at the Open university was researched. The results of the two studies indicate that (1) students' learning conceptions and orientations are closely linked to the study activities they employ, (2) students' learning styles are related to their educational experience and to their study results, but only in a small degree to their age, and (3) the Study Advisory Packet raised students' awareness of different ways of studying and contained practically useful suggestions for studying.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Biggs, J. B. (1984). “Learning Strategies, Student Motivation Patterns, and Subjectively Perceived Success.” In: J. R. Kirby (ed.), Cognitive Strategies and Educational Performance. New York: Academic Press, pp. 111–134.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, A. L. (1980). “Metacognitive Development and Reading.” In: R. J. Spiro, B. C. Bruce & W. F. Brewer (eds.), Theoretical Issues in Reading Comprehension. Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum, pp. 453–479.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, A. L., Palincsar, A. S. & Armbruster, B. B. (1984). “Instructing Comprehension-fostering Activities in Interactive Learning Situations.” In: H. Mandl, N. L. Stein & T. Trabasso (eds.), Learning and Comprehension of Text. Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum, pp. 255–286.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chipman, S. F. & Segal, J. W. (1985). “Higher Cognitive Goals for Education: An Introduction.” In: J. W. Segal, S. F. Chipman & R. Glaser (eds.), Thinking and Learning Skills. Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark, R. E., Aster, D. & Hession, M. A. (1987). “When teaching kills learning: types of mathemathantic effects.” Paper presented at the meeting of the AERA, Washington, April.

  • Derry, S. J. & Murphy, D. A. (1986). “Designing Systems that Train Learning Ability: From Theory to Practice,” Review of Educational Research 56(1): 1–39.

    Google Scholar 

  • Entwistle, N. (1985). “A model of the teaching learning process derived from research on student learning.” Paper presented at the International Conference on Cognitive Processes in Student Learning, Lancaster University, July.

  • Entwistle, N., Odor, P. & Anderson, C. (1987). “Anticipating the Experience of Higher Education through Computer Simulation.” Paper presented at the meeting of the AERA, Washington, April.

  • Entwistle, N. J. & Ramsden, P. (1983). Understanding Student Learning. London: Croom Helm.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flavell, J. H. (1979). “Metacognition and Cognitive Monitoring,” American Psychologist 34, 906–911.

    Google Scholar 

  • Friedrich, H. F. & Mandl, H. (1986). “Self-regulation in Knowledge Acquisition: a selection of German Research.” In: G. Beukhof & R. J. Simons (eds.), German and Dutch Research on Learning and Instruction. The Hague: S.V.O.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gibbs, G. (1983). “Changing Students' approaches to study through classroom exercises.” In: R. M. Smith (ed.), Helping Adults Learn How to Learn. San Francisco: Jossey Bass, pp. 83–96.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gibbs, G., Morgan, A. & Taylor, E. (1984). “The World of the Learner.” In: F. Marton, D. Hounsell & N. Entwistle (eds.), The Experience of Learning. Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harri-Augstein, E. S. & Thomas, L. F. (1983). “Developing Self-Organized Learners: A Reflective Technology.” In: R. M. Smith (ed.), Helping Adults Learn How to Learn. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Janssen, P. J. (1986). “A more open access or a better output?” Paper presented at the Higher Education International Third Annual Conference, Birmingham, September.

  • Klauw, C. F. van der & Rasenberg, A. A. (1984). “Self-regulation of study behavior.” Paper presented at the 6th International Conference on Higher Education, Lancaster, August.

  • Korthagen, F. A. J. & Verkuyl, H. S. (1987). “Supply and demand: towards differentiation in teacher education, based on differences in learning orientations.” Paper presented at the meeting of the AERA, Washington, April.

  • Lawson, M. J. (1984). “Being Executive About Metacognition.” In: J. R. Kirby (ed.), Cognitive Strategies and Educational Performance. New York: Academic Press, pp. 89–109.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, E. & Ramsden, P. (1985). “Learning skills or skill in learning?” Paper presented to the International Conference on Cognitive Processes in Student Learning, University of Lancaster, July.

  • Marton, F. (1983). “Beyond Individual Differences,” Educational Psychology 3: 287–303.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marton, F. (in press). “Describing and Improving Learning.” In: R. R. Schmeck (ed.), Learning Styles and Learning Strategies. New York: Plenum.

  • Marton, F. & Säljö, R. (1984). “Approaches to Learning.” In: F. Marton, D. Hounsell & N. Entwistle (eds.), The Experience of Learning. Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • McKinley, J. (1983). “Training for Effective Collaborative Learning.” In: R. M. Smith (ed.), Helping Adults Learn How to Learn. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pask, G. (1976). “Styles and strategies of learning”, British Journal of Educational Psychology 46: 128–148.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rossum, E. J. van, Deijkers, R. & Hamer, R. (1985). “Students' Learning Conceptions and their interpretation of Significant Educational Concepts,” Higher Education 14: 617–641.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rossum, E. J. van & Schenk, S. M. (1984). “The Relationship between Learning Conception, Study Strategy and Learning Outcome,” British Journal of Educational Psychology 54: 73–83.

    Google Scholar 

  • Säljö, R. (1979a). “Learning in the learner's Perspective I. Some common sense conceptions.” Reports from the Department of Education, University of Göteborg, 76.

  • Säljö, R. (1979b). “Learning about Learning,” Higher Education 8: 443–451.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scardamalia, M., Bereiter, C., McLean, R. S., Swallow, J. & Woodruff, E. (1987). “Computer Supported Intentional Learning Environments.” In: Collins, A. (Chair), Strategies for Teaching Thinking Skills with Interactive Technologies. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the AERA, Washington, April.

  • Schmeck, R. R. (1983). “Learning Styles of College Students.” In: R. Dillon & R. R. Schmeck (eds.), Individual Differences in Cognition. Volume 1. New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simons, P. R. J. (1980). “Vergelijkenderwijs: Onderzoek naar de Invloed van Metaforen op het Leren.” Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Tilburg University.

  • Simons, P. R. J. (1987). “Individual Differences in the Self-Regulation of Learning, Emerging from Thinking-Aloud Protocols.” Paper presented at the meeting of the AERA, Washington, April.

  • Simons, P. R. J. & Vermunt, J. D. H. M. (1986). “Self-regulation in Knowledge Acquisition: A Selection of Dutch Research.” In: G. Beukhof & P. R. J. Simons (eds.), German and Dutch Research on Learning and Instruction. The Hague: S.V.O.

    Google Scholar 

  • Svensson, L. (1984). “Skill in Learning.” In: F. Marton, D. Hounsell & N. Entwistle (eds.), The Experience of Learning. Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vermunt, J. D. H. M. (1986). “Leerstijlen, Concepties, Oriëntaties en de Open Universiteit.” Final report SVO-project 306.4132. Tilburg University.

  • Vermunt, J. D. H. M. (1987a). “Learning Styles and Self-Regulation.” Paper presented at the meeting of the AERA, Washington DC, April 20–24.

  • Vermunt, J. D. H. M. (1987b). “Regulation of Learning, Approaches to Studying and Learning Styles of Adult Students.” In: P. R. J. Simons & G. Beukhof (eds.), Regulation of Learning. The Hague: S.V.O.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weinstein, C. E. (in press). “Assessment and Training of the Student Learning Strategies.” In: Schmeck, R. R. (ed.), Learning Styles and Learning Strategies. New York: Plenum.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Vermunt, J.D.H.M., Van Rijswijk, F.A.W.M. Analysis and development of students' skill in selfregulated learning. High Educ 17, 647–682 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00143780

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00143780

Keywords

Navigation