In this paper, calcium phosphate cement consisting of α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP), dicalcium phosphate dibasic (DCPD) and tetracalcium phosphate monoxide (TeCP) was investigated in vitro and in vivo. Measurements of compressive strength against soaking time in simulated body fluid (SBF) showed a rapid increase of the hardness for the first 7 days. The gained strength was retained up to 1 year and the maximal mean value was 94.7 (±14.4) MPa. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) presented precipitates of hydroxyapatite (HA) after mixing, also after soaking in SBF and after implantation in rat subcutaneous tissues. However, the conversion to HA happened in different ways between in vitro and in vivo exposures. Histologic examinations showed that the cement causes the same reactions at the interface with surrounding soft tissues as HA. The authors consider the cement to be a promising material as a bone substitute, bone cement or dental material, however, further studies in a paste form and in bone tissue environments are necessary.
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Kurashina, K., Kurita, H., Hirano, M. et al. Calcium phosphate cement: in vitro and in vivo studies of the α-tricalcium phosphate-dicalcium phosphate dibasic-tetracalcium phosphate monoxide system. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 6, 340–347 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00120302
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00120302