Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The chlorophyll-protein complexes of higher plant photosynthetic membranes or Just what green band is that?

  • Mini Review
  • Published:
Photosynthesis Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Higher plant thylakoid membranes can be fractionated into a bewildering array of macrocomplexes, chlorophyll-protein complexes and chlorophyll-proteins with various deteregents and separations techniques. The chemical nature of each of these entities depends on the particular methods used to obtain them. This review summarizes the current status of the biochemical identification and characterization of individual chlorophyll-proteins and chlorophyll-protein complexes, and attempts to clarify the relationships among them.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

Chl:

Chlorophyll

DCPIP:

2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol

PS I, PS II:

Photosystems I and II

SDS-PAGE:

SDS-polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis

LiDs:

Lithium Dodecyl Sulfate

References

  • Acker, S, Lagoutte, B, Picaud, A, Duranton, J (1982) Protein identification of purified particles isolated from spinach thylakoids by deoxycholete electrophoresis. Photosynth Res 3: 215–225

    Google Scholar 

  • Alt, J, Morris, J, Westhoff, P and Herrmann, RG (1984) Nucleotide sequence of the clustered genes for the 44 kd chlorophyll a apoprotein and the “32 kd-like” protein of the photosystem II reaction center in the spinach plastid chromosome. Curr Genet 8: 597–606

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, JM (1980) P700 content and polypeptide profile of chlorophyll-protein complexes of spinach and barley thylakoids. Biochim Biophys Acta 591: 113–126

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, JM (1982a) The role of chlorophyll-protein complexes in the function and structure of chloroplast thylakoids. Mol Cell Biochem 46: 161–172

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, JM (1982b) The significance of grana attacking in chlorophyll b-containing chloroplasts. Photobiochem Photobiophys 3: 225–241

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, J (1984) The significance of grana stacking in chlorophyll b-containing chloroplasts. Photobiochem Photobiophys 8: 221–228

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, J (1986) Photoregulation of the composition, function, and structure of thylakoid membranes. Annu Rev Plant Physiol 37: 93–136

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, JM and Barrett, J (1986) Light-harvesting pigment-protein complexes of algae. In: Staehelin, LA and Arntzen, CJ (eds) Encycl Plant Physiol 19 (New Series), pp 269–285. Berlin: Springer-Verlag

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, JM, Waldron, JC, and Thorne, SW (1978) Chlorophyll-protein complexes of spinach and barley thylakoids. Spectral characteristics of six complexes resolved by an improved electrophoretic procedure. FEBS Lett 92: 227–233

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, JM, Brown, JS, Lam, E, and Malkin, R (1983) Chlorophyll b: an integral component of photosystem I of higher plant chloroplasts. Photochem Photobiol 38: 205–210

    Google Scholar 

  • Argyroudi-Akoyunoglou, JH (1980) Cation-induced transformation of the oligomeric to monomeric forms in the pigment-protein complexes of the thylakoid. Photobiochem Photobiophys 1: 279–287

    Google Scholar 

  • Argyroudi-Akoyunoglou, J (1984) The 77K fluorescence spectrum of the photosystem I pigment-protein complex CP Ia. FEBS Lett 171: 47–53

    Google Scholar 

  • Argyroud-Akoyunoglou, JH and Akoyunoglou, G (1979) The chlorophyll-protein complexes of the thylakoid in greening plastids of Phasolus vulgaris. FEBS Lett 104: 78–84

    Google Scholar 

  • Argyroudi-Akoyunoglou, JH, Castorinis, A and Akoyunoglou, G (1984) Biogenesis and organization of the pigment-protein complexes: relation to the low temperature fluorescence characteristics of developing thylakoids. Israel J Bot (1984) 33: 65–82.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arntzen, CJ and Pakrasi, HB (1986) Photosystem II reaction center: polypeptide subunits and functional cofactors. In: Staehelin, LA and Arntzen, CJ (eds) Encycl Plant Physiol 19 (New Series), pp 457–467. Berlin: Springer-Verlag

    Google Scholar 

  • Aro, E-M and Valanne, N (1978) Effect of magnesium on chlorophyll-protein complexes. Physiol Plant 43: 261–265

    Google Scholar 

  • Bassi, R and Simpson, DJ (1986) Differential expression of LHCII genes in mesophyll and bundle sheath cells of maize. Carlsberg Res Comm 51: 363–370

    Google Scholar 

  • Bassi, R and Simpson, DJ (1987) The organization of photosystem II chlorophyll-proteins. Prog Photosyn Res 2: 81–88

    Google Scholar 

  • Bassi, R, Machold, O and Simpson, D (1985) Chlorophyll-proteins of two photosystem I preparations from maize. Carlsberg Res Commun 50: 145–162

    Google Scholar 

  • Bellemare, G, Bartlett, S and Chus, N-H (1982) Biosynthesis of chlorophyll a/b binding polypeptides in wild type and the chlorina f2 mutant of barley. J Biol Chem 257: 7762–67

    Google Scholar 

  • Bengis, C and Nelson, N (1975) Purification and properties of the photosystem I reaction center from chloroplasts. J Biol Chem 250: 2783–2788

    Google Scholar 

  • Bengis, C and Nelson, N (1977) Subunit structure of chloroplasts photosystem I reaction center. J Biol Chem 252: 4564–4569

    Google Scholar 

  • Bennett, J (1983) Regulation of photosysthesis by reversible phosphorylation of the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein. Biochem J 212: 1–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Berthold, DA, Babcock, GT, Yocum, CA (1981) A highly resolved, oxygen-evolving photosystem II preparation from spinach thylakoid membranes. FEBS Lett 134: 231–234

    Google Scholar 

  • Boardman, NK and Anderson, JM (1964) Isolation from spinach chloroplasts of particles containing different proportions of chl a and b and their possible role in photosynthesis. Nature 293: 166–167

    Google Scholar 

  • Boardman, NK, Anderson, JM and Goodchild, DJ (1978) Chlorophyll-protein complexes and structure of mature and developing chloroplasts. Curr Topics Bioenerg 8: 35–108

    Google Scholar 

  • Breton, J (1982) The 695 nm fluorescence (F695) of chloroplasts at low temperature is emitted from the primary acceptor of Photosystem II. FEBS Lett 147: 16–21

    Google Scholar 

  • Bricker, TM and Newman, DW (1982) Changes in the chlorophyll-proteins and electron transport activities of soybean (Glycine max L., cv. Wayne) cotyledon chloroplasts during senescence. Photosynthetica 16: 239–244

    Google Scholar 

  • Bricker, TM, Pakrasi, HB and Sherman, LA (1985) Characterization of a spinach photosystem II core preparation isolated by a simplified method. Arch Biochem Biophys 237: 170–176

    Google Scholar 

  • Burger-Wiermama, T, Veenhuis, M, Korthals, HJ, van de, Wiel, CC and Mur, LR (1986) A new prokaryote containing chlorophylls a and b. Nature 320: 262–264

    Google Scholar 

  • Burke, JJ, Ditto, CL and Arntzen, CJ (1978) Involvement of the light-harvesting complex in cation regulation of excitation energy distribution in chloroplasts. Arch Biochem Biophys 187: 252–264

    Google Scholar 

  • Burke, JJ, Steinback, KE and Arntzen, CJ (1979) Analysis of the light-harvesting pigment-protein complex of wild-type and chlorophyll-b-less mutant barley. Plant Physiol 63: 237–243

    Google Scholar 

  • Butler, WL and Kitajima, M (1975) Energy transfer between photosystem II and photosystem I in chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 396: 72–85

    Google Scholar 

  • Camm, EL and Green, BR (1980) Fractionation of thylakoid membranes with the nonionic detergent octyl-D-glucopyranoside. Plant Physiol 66: 428–432

    Google Scholar 

  • Camm, EL and Green, BR (1981) Widespread distribution of some minor chlorophyll-protein complexes in some plants and algae. Plant Physiol 67: 1061–1063

    Google Scholar 

  • Camm, EL and Green, BR (1982) The effects of cations and trypain on extraction of chlorophyll-protein complexes by octyl glucoside. Arch Biochem Biophys 214: 563–572

    Google Scholar 

  • Camm, EL and Green, BR (1983) Relationship between the two minor chlorophyll a-protein complexes and the photosystem II reaction centre. Biochem Biophys Acta 724: 291–293

    Google Scholar 

  • Chua NH (1980) Electrophoretic analysis of chloroplast proteins. In: Methods in Enzymol 69: 434–446

  • Chua, NH, Matlin, K and Bennoun, P (1975) A chlorophyll-protein complex lacking in photosystem I mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. J Cell Biol 67: 361–377

    Google Scholar 

  • Chua, N-H and Gillham, NW (1977) The sites of synthesis of the principal thylakoid membrane polypeptides in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. J Cell Biol 74: 441–452

    Google Scholar 

  • Cogdell, RJ, Zuber, H, Thornber, JP, Drews, G, Gingras, G, Niederman, RA, parson, WW and Feher, G (1985) Recommendations for the naming of photochemical reaction centres and light-harvesting pigment-protein complexes from purple photosynthetic bacteria. Biochim Biophys Acta 806: 185–186

    Google Scholar 

  • Coruzzi, G, Broglie, R, Cashmore, AR and Chua, N-H (1983) Nucleotide sequences of two pea cDNA clones encoding the small subunit of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase and the major chlorophyll a/b-binding thylakoid polypeptide. J Biol Chem 258: 1399–1402

    Google Scholar 

  • Darr, SC and Arntzen, CJ (1986) Reconstitution of the light harvesting chlorophyll a/b pigment-protein complex into developing chloroplast membranes using a dialyzable detergent. Plant Physiol 80: 931–937

    Google Scholar 

  • Darr, SC, Somerville, SC and Arntzen, CJ (1986) Monoclonal antibodies to the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein complex of photosystem II. J Cell Biol 103: 733–740

    Google Scholar 

  • De, Vitry, C, Wollman, FA and Delepelaire, P (1984) Function of the polypeptides of the photosystem II reaction center in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Biochim Biophys Acta 767: 415–422

    Google Scholar 

  • Delepelaire, P and Chua, N-H (1979) Lithium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of thylakoid membrane at 4°C: characterizations of two additional chlorophyll a-protein complexes. Proc Nat Acad Sci Us 76: 111–115

    Google Scholar 

  • Delepelaire, P and Chua, N-H (1981) Electrophoretic purification of chlorophyll a/b protein complexes from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and spinach and analysis of their polypeptide compositions. J Biol Chem 256: 9300–9307

    Google Scholar 

  • Diner, B (1986) The reaction center of photosystem II. In: Staehelin, LA and Arntzen, CJ (eds) Encycl Plant Physiol 19 (New Series), pp 422–436. Berlin: Springer-Verlag

    Google Scholar 

  • Diner, B and Wollman, FA (1980) Isolation of highly active photosystem II particles from a mutant of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Eur J Biochem 110: 521–526

    Google Scholar 

  • Dornemann, D and Senger, H (1986) The structure of chlorophyll RC I, a chromophore of the reaction centre of Photosystem I. Photochem Photobiol 43: 573–581

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunahay, TG and Staehelin, LA (1985) Isolation of photosystem I complexes from octyl glucoside/SDS solubilized spinach thylakoids: Characterization and reconstitution into liposomes. Plant Physiol 78: 606–613

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunahay, TG and Staehelin, LA (1986) Isolation and characterization of a new minor chlorophyll a/b-protein complex (CP24) of spinach. Plant Physiol 80; 429–434

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunahay, TG and Staehelin, LA (1987) Immunolocalization of the Chl a/b-light harvesting complex and CP 29 under conditions favoring phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of thylakoid membranes (state 1-state 2 transitions). Prog Photosyn Res 2: 701–704

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunsmuir, P (1985) The petunia chlorophyll a/b-binding protein genes; a comparison of Cab genes from different gene families. Nucl Acids Res 13: 2503–2518

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunsmuir, P, Smith, SM and Bedbrook, JR (1983) The major chlorophyll a/b binding protein of petunia is composed of several polypeptides encoded by a number of distinct nuclear genes. J Mol Appl Genet 2: 285–300

    Google Scholar 

  • Evans, PK and Anderson, JM (1986) The chlorophyll a/b-proteins of PS I and PS II are immunologically related. FEBS Lett 199: 227–233

    Google Scholar 

  • Fish, LE and Bogorad, L (1986) Use of HPLC and partial sequence determination for analysis of the P700 Chl a apoprotein of PS I. PS I-A1 and PSI-A2 are both present in maize CPI. In: Akoyunoglou, G and Senger, H. (eds). Regulation of Chloroplast Differentiation, pp 157–161. New York: Alan R. Liss, Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fish, LE, Kuck, U and Bogorad, L (1985) Two partially homologous adjacent light-inducible maize chloroplast genes encoding polypeptides of the P700 chlorophyll a-protein complex of photosystem I. J Biol Chem 260: 1413–1421

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghanotakis, DF and Yocum, CF (1986) Purification and properties of an oxygen-evolving reaction center complex from photosystem II membranes. FEBS Lett 197: 244–248

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghanotakis, DF, Demetriou, DM and Yokum, CF (1987) Isolation and characterization of an oxygen-evolving photosystem II reaction center core preparation and a 28 kDa Chl-a-binding protein. Biochim Biophys Acta 891: 15–21

    Google Scholar 

  • Glazer, AN (1983) Comparative biochemistry of photosynthetic light-harvesting systems. Annu Rev Biochem 52: 125–157

    Google Scholar 

  • Golbeck, JH and Cornelius, JM (1986) Photosystem I charge separation in the absence of centers A and B. I. Optical characterization of center ‘A2’ and evidence for its association with a 64-kDa peptide. Biochim Biophys Acta 849: 16–24

    Google Scholar 

  • Golbeck, JH, McDermott, AE, Jones, WK and Kurtz, DM (1987) Evidence for the existence of [2Fe-2S] as well as [4Fe-4S] clusters among FA, FB and Fx. Implications for the structure of the Photosystem I reaction center. Biochim Biophys Acta 891: 94–98

    Google Scholar 

  • Goodman-Dunahay, TG, Staehelin, LA, Seibert, M, Ogilvie, PD and Berg, SP (1984) Structural, biochemical and biophysical characterization of four oxygen-evolving photosystem II preparations from spinach. Biochim Biophys Acta 764: 179–193

    Google Scholar 

  • Gounaris, K, Whitford, D and Barber, J (1983) The effect of thylakoid lipids on an oxygen-evolving photosystem II preparation. FEBS Lett. 163: 230–234

    Google Scholar 

  • Green, BR (1982) Protein synthesis by isolated Acetabularia chloroplasts. Synthesis of the two minor chlorophyll a complexes in vitro. Eur J Biochem 128: 534–546

    Google Scholar 

  • Green, BR and Camm, EL (1982) The nature of the light-harvesting complex as defined by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Biochim Biophys Acta 681: 256–262

    Google Scholar 

  • Green, BR and Camm, EL (1984) Evidence that CP47 (CPa-1) is the reaction center of photosystem II. Adv Photosyn Res 2: 95–98

    Google Scholar 

  • Green, BR, Camm, EL and Van, Houten, J (1982) The chlorophyll-protein complexes of Acetabularia. A novel chlorophyll a/b complex which forms oligomers. Biochim Biophys Acta 681: 248–255

    Google Scholar 

  • Haehnel, W (1984) Photosynthetic electron transport in higher plants. Annu Rev Plant Physiol 35: 659–93

    Google Scholar 

  • Hallick, RB and Bottomley, W (1983) Proposals for the naming of chloroplast genes. Plant Mol Biol Reporter 1: 38–43

    Google Scholar 

  • Haworth, P, Watson, JL and Arntzen, CJ (1983) The detection, isolation and characterization of a light-harvesting complex which is specifically associated with photosystem I. Biochim Biophys Acta 724: 151–158

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayden, DB and Hopkins, WG (1977) A second distinct chlorophyll a-protein complex in mesophyll chloroplasts. Can J Bot 55: 2525–2529

    Google Scholar 

  • Henriques, F and Park, RB (1978) Characterization of three new chlorophyll-protein complexes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 81: 1113–1118

    Google Scholar 

  • Hiller, RG and Larkum, AWD (1985) The chlorophyll-protein complexes of Prochloron sp. (Prochlorophyta). Biochim Biophys Acta 806: 107–115

    Google Scholar 

  • Hiller, RG, Genge, S and Pilger, D (1974) Evidence for a dimer of the light-harvesting chlorophyll-protein complex II. Plant Sci Lett 2: 239–242

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoffmann NE, Pichersky E, Malik VS, Castresana C, Ko K, Darr SC and Cashmore AT (1987) The sequence of a cDNA clone encoding a chlorophyll a/b-binding protein of photosystem I shows homology to photosystem II cab sequences. Plant Mol Biol, in press

  • Holschuh, K, Bottomley, W and Whitfeld, PR (1984) Structure of the spinach chloroplast genes for the D2 and 44 kd reaction-centre proteins of photosystem II and for tRNA/ser (UGA) Nucl Acids Res 12: 8819–8834

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoober, JK, Millington, RH and d'Angelo, LP (1980) Structural similarities between the major polypeptides of the thylakoid membranes from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Arch Biochem Biophys 202: 221–234

    Google Scholar 

  • Ikeuchi, M, Yuasa, M and Inoue, Y (1985) Simple and discrete isolation of an O2-evolving PS II reaction center complex retaining Mn and the extrinsic 33 kDa protein. FEBS Lett 185, 316–322

    Google Scholar 

  • Irrgang, K-D, Renger, G and Vater, J (1986) Identification of Chl-binding proteins in a PS II preparation from spinach. FEBS Let 204: 67–75

    Google Scholar 

  • Ish-shalom, D and Ohad, I (1983) Organization of chlorophyll-protein complexes of photosystem I in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Biochim Biophys Acta 722: 498–507

    Google Scholar 

  • Karlin-Neumann, GA, Kohorn, BD, Thornber, JP and Tobin, EM (1985) A chlorophyll a/b-protein encoded by a gene containing an intron with characteristics of a transposable element. J Mol Appl Gen 3: 45–61

    Google Scholar 

  • Ko, B, Sahu, S, Shaw, E and Beinert, H (1974) Further characterization of a photosystem-II particle isolated reaction-center components. Biochim Biophys Acta 347: 36–48

    Google Scholar 

  • Metz, JG, Krueger, RW and Miles, D (1984) Chlorophyll-protein complexes of a photosystem II mutant of maize. Plant Physiol 75: 238–241

    Google Scholar 

  • Klein, SM and Vernon, LP (1974) Protein composition of spinach chloroplasts and their photosystem I and photosystem II subfragments, Photochem Photobiol 19: 43–49

    Google Scholar 

  • Kohorn, BD and Tobin, EM (1986) Chloroplast import of light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-proteins with different amino termini and transit peptides. Plant Physiol 82: 1172–1174

    Google Scholar 

  • Kohorn, BD, Harel, E, Chitnis, PR, Thornber, JP and Tobin, EM (1986) Functional mutational analysis of the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein of thylakoid membranes. J Cell Biol 102: 972–981

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuang, TY, Argyroudi-Akoyunoglou, JH, Nakatani, HY, Watson, J and Arntzen, CJ (1984) The origin of the long-wavelength fluorescence emission band (77K) from photosystem I. Arch Biochem Biophys 235: 618–627

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuwabara, T and Murata, N (1982) Evidence against identity of the atrazine receptor protein with the 33-kilodalton protein from spinach chloroplasts. Plant Cell Physiol 23: 663–667

    Google Scholar 

  • Laemmli, UK (1970) Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature 277: 680–685

    Google Scholar 

  • Lagoutte, B, Setif, P and Duranton, J (1980) Contribution to the structural characterization of eucaryotic PS I reaction centre—I. Critical analysis of the polypeptidic composition of different P700 enriched fractions. Photosyn Res 1: 3–16

    Google Scholar 

  • Lagoutte, B, Setif, P, Duranton, J (1984) Tentative identification of the apoproteins of ironsulfur centers of photosystem I. FEBS Lett 174, 24–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Lam, E, Ortiz, W, Mayfield, S and Malkin, R (1984a) Isolation and characterization of a light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein complex associated with photosystem I. Plant Physiol 74: 650–655

    Google Scholar 

  • Lam, E, Ortiz, W and Malkin, R (1984b) Chlorophyll a/b proteins of photosystem I. FEBS Lett 166: 10–14

    Google Scholar 

  • Lane, LC (1978) A simple method for stabilizing protein-sulfhydryl groups during SDS-gel electrophoresis. Anal Biochem 86: 655–664

    Google Scholar 

  • Lehmbeck, Rasmussen, OF, Bookjans, GB, Jepsen, BM, Stummann, BM and Henningsen, KW (1986) Sequence of the two genes in pea chloroplast DNA coding for 84 and 82 kD polypeptides of the photosystem I complex. Plant Mol Biol 7: 3–10

    Google Scholar 

  • Leto, KJ (1984) Functional discrimination between photosystem-II associated chlorophyll a proteins in Zea mays. Biochim Biophys Acta 766: 98–108

    Google Scholar 

  • Lundell, DJ, Glazer, AN, Melis, A and Malkin, R (1985) Characterization of a cyanobacterial photosystem I complex. J Biol Chem 260: 646

    Google Scholar 

  • Machold, O (1981) Chlorophyll a/b proteins and light-harvesting complex of Vicia faba and Hordeum vulgare. Biochem Physiol Pflanzen 176: 805–827.

    Google Scholar 

  • Machold, O (1983) Translational sites of thylakoid membrane proteins. Studies based on selective inhibition of cytoplasmic and chloroplast ribosomes by cycloheximide and chloramphenicol. Biochim Biophys Acta 740: 57–63

    Google Scholar 

  • Machold, O (1986) Polypeptide composition of the photosystem I chlorophyll a/b-protein from three different plant species. Carlsberg Res Commun 51: 227–238

    Google Scholar 

  • Machold, O and Meister, A (1979) Resolution of the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-protein of Vicia faba chloroplasts into two different chlorophyll-protein complexes. Biochim Biophys Acta 546: 472–480

    Google Scholar 

  • Machold, O, Simpson, DJ and Moller, BL (1979) Chlorophyll-proteins of thylakoids from wild-type and mutants of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Carlsberg Res Commun 44: 235–254

    Google Scholar 

  • Markwell, JP, Thornber, JP and Boggs, RT (1979) Higher plant chloroplasts: Evidence that ll the chlorophyll exists as chlorophyll-protein complexes. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 76: 1233–1235

    Google Scholar 

  • McDonnel, A and Staehelin, LA (1980) Adhesion between liposomes mediated by the chlorophyll a/b light-harvesting complex isolated from chloroplast membranes. J Cell Biol 84: 40–56

    Google Scholar 

  • Michel, H and Deisenhofer, J (1986) X-ray diffraction studies on a crystalline bacterial photosynthetic reaction center: A progress report and conclusions on the structure of photosystem II reaction centers. In Staehelin, LA and Arntzen, CJ (eds) Encycl Plant Physiol 19 (New Series), pp 371–381. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Michel, H, Epp, O and Deisenhofer, J (1986) Pigment-protein interactions in the photosynthetic reaction centre from Rhodopseudomonas viridis EMBO J 5: 2445–2451

    Google Scholar 

  • Michel, H, Weyer, KA, Gruenberg, H, Dunger, I, Oesterhelt, D and Lottspeich, F (1986) The ‘light’ and ‘medium’ subunits of the photosynthetic reaction centre from Rhodopseudomonas viridis: isolation of the genes, nucleotide and amino acid sequence. EMBO J 5: 1149–1158

    Google Scholar 

  • Moller, BL, Hoj, PB and Henry, LEA (1983) Electron microscopic characteristics of photosystem II preparations and their inactivation and reactivation with respect to oxygen evolution. Adv Photosyn Res 3: 219–222

    Google Scholar 

  • Morris, J and Herrmann, RG (1984) Nucleotide sequence of the gene for the P680 chlorophyll a apoprotein of the photosystem II reaction center from spinach. Nucl Acids Res 12: 2837–2850

    Google Scholar 

  • Mullet, JE and Arntzen, CJ (1981) Identification of a 32–34-kilodalton polypeptide as a herbicide receptor protein in photosystem II. Biochim Biophys Acta 635, 236–248

    Google Scholar 

  • Mullet, JE, Burke, JJ and Arntzen, CJ (1980a) Chlorophyll proteins of photosystem I. Plant Physiol 65: 814–822

    Google Scholar 

  • Mullet, JE, Burke, JJ and Arntzen, CJ (1980b) A developmental study of photosystem I peripheral chlorophyll proteins. Plant Physiol 65: 823–827

    Google Scholar 

  • Murata, N, Miyao, M, Omata, T, Kuwabara, T (1984) The oxygen evolution system of photosystem II particles from spinach chloroplasts. Adv Photosyn Res 1: 329–332

    Google Scholar 

  • Murphy, DJ (1986) The molecular organization of the photosynthetic membranes of higher plants. Biochim Biophys Acta 864: 33–94

    Google Scholar 

  • Nakatani, HY (1983) Correlation of the low temperature 695 nm fluorescence emission with the reaction centre of PS II (CP 47). In: The Oxygen Evolving System of Photosynthesis, (ed. Y, Inoue et al.), pp 49–54, Academic, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Nakatani, HY, Ke, B, Dolan, E and Arntzen, CJ (1984) Identity of the photosystem II reaction center polypeptide. Biochim Biophys Acta 765: 347–352

    Google Scholar 

  • Nanba, O and Satoh, K (1987) Isolation of a photosystem II reaction center consisting of D-1 and D-2 polypeptides and cytochrome b-559. Proc Nat Acad Sci US 84: 109–112

    Google Scholar 

  • Nechushtai, R and Nelson, N (1981) Purification, properties and biogenesis of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii photosystem I reaction center. J Biol Chem 256: 1624–1628

    Google Scholar 

  • Nechushtai, R, Muster, P, Binder, A, Liveanu, V and Nelson, N (1983) Photosystem I reaction center from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Mastigocladus laminosus. Proc Nat Acad Sci US 80: 1179–1183

    Google Scholar 

  • Nechushtai, R, Nourizadeh, SD and Thornber, JP (1986) A re-evaluation of the fluorescence of the core chlorophylls of Photosystem I. Biochim Biophys Acta 848: 193–200

    Google Scholar 

  • Neville, DM (1971) Molecular weight determination of protein-dodecyl sulfate complexes by gel electrophoresis in a discontinuous buffer system. J Biol Chem 246: 6328–6334

    Google Scholar 

  • Ogawa, T, Obata, F and Shibata, K (1966) Two pigment-proteins in spinach chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 112: 223–234

    Google Scholar 

  • Okamura, MY, Feher, G, Nelson, N (1982) Photosynthetic membrane structure and function. In Govindjee (ed) Photosynthesis, Vol. I, pp. 195–272. Academic Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Pichersky, E, Bernstaky, R, Tanksley, SD, Breidenbach, RB, Kausch, AP and Cashmore, AT (1985) Molecular characterization and genetic mapping of two clusters of genes encoding chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins in Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato). Gene 40: 247–258

    Google Scholar 

  • Pichersky E, Bernatsky R, Tankaley SD, Malik VS and Cashmore AR (1986) Genomic organization and evolution of the RBCS and CAB gene families in tomato and other higher plants. Tomato Biotechnology Symp, AR Liss, in press

  • Pichersky E, Hoffmann NE, Malik VS, Bernatsky R, Tanksley SD and Cashmore AR (1987) The tomato Cab-4 and Cab-5 genes encode PS I cab polypeptides substantially divergent from other tomato PS II cab proteins. Plant Mol Biol, in press

  • Rawyler, A, Henry, LEA and Siegenthaler, P-A (1980) Acyl and pigment lipid composition of two chlorophyll-proteins. Carlsberg Res Commun 45: 443–451

    Google Scholar 

  • Remy, J and Hoarau, J (1978) New forms of chlorophyll-protein complexes from thylakoids of different photosynthesizing organisms. In: Akoyunoglou, G et al. eds. Chloroplast Development, pp 235–240. Elsevier/North-Holland, Amsterdam

    Google Scholar 

  • Remy, R and Ambard-Bretteville, F (1984) Evidence for a chlorophyll a/b-protein complex associated with photosystem I. FEBS Lett 170: 174–180

    Google Scholar 

  • Remy, R, Hoarau, J and Leclerc, JC (1977) Electrophoretic and spectrophotometric studies of chlorophyll-protein complexes from tobacco chloroplasts. Isolation of a light-harvesting pigment-protein complex with a molecular weight of 70,000. Photochem Photobiol 26: 151–158

    Google Scholar 

  • Rutherford, AW and Mullet, JE (1981) Reaction center triplet states in photosystem I and photosystem II. Biochim Biophys Acta 635: 225–235

    Google Scholar 

  • Ryrie, IJ, Anderson, JM and Glare, T (1985) Transmembrane organization of individual polypeptides of photosystem I complex and the light-harvesting complex of photosystem II of thylakoid membranes. Photobiochem Photobiophys 9: 145–157

    Google Scholar 

  • Sarvari, E, Nyitrai, P and Gyuere, K (1984) Chlorophyll-protein derivative of the peripheral light-harvesting antenna of photosystem I. Photobiochem Photobiophys 8: 229–237

    Google Scholar 

  • Satoh, K and Butler, WL (1978) Low temperature spectral properties of subchloroplast fractions purified from spinach. Plant Physiol 61: 373–379

    Google Scholar 

  • Satoh, K and Nanba, O (1987) Isolation of a photosystem II reaction center consisting of α and β subunits (D-1 and D-2) and cytochrome b-559. Prog Photosyn Res 2: 69–72

    Google Scholar 

  • Satoh, K, Katoh, S, Donstanti, R and Oettmeier, W (1986) Herbicide and plastoquinone-binding proteins of photosystem II reaction center complexes from the thermophilic cyanobacterium, Synechococcus sp. Biochim Biophys Acta 851: 202–208

    Google Scholar 

  • Scheer, H, Wieshoff, H, Schaefer, W, Cmiel, E, Nitache, B, Schiebel, HM and Schulten, H-R (1984) Structure of a chlorophyll-RC1. Adv Photosyn Res 2: 81–84

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt, GW, Bartlett, SG, Grossman, AR, Cashmore, AR and Chua, N-H (1981) Biosynthetic pathways of two polypeptide subunits of the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein complex. J Cell Biol 91: 468–478

    Google Scholar 

  • Schuster, G, Owens, BD, Cohen, Y and Ohad, I (1984) Light independent phosphorylation of the chlorophyll a,b-protein complex in thylakoids of the prokaryote Prochloron. Adv Photosyn Res 3: 283–289

    Google Scholar 

  • Setif, P, and Mathis, P (1986) Photosystem I reaction center and its primary electron transfer reactions. In Staehelin, LA and Arntzen, CJ (eds) Encycl. Plant Physiol 19 (New Series), pp 476–486. Berlin: Springer-Verlag

    Google Scholar 

  • Setif, P, Acekr, S, Lagoutte, B and Duranton, J (1980) Contribution to the structural characterization of eucaryotic PS I reaction centre — II. Characterization of a highly purified photoactive SDS-SP1 complex. Photosyn Res 1: 17–27

    Google Scholar 

  • Smeekens, S, Van, Oosten, J, De, Groot, M and Weisbeek, P (1986) Silene cDNA clones for a divergent chlorophyll-a/b-binding protein and a small subunit of ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase. Plant Mol Biol 7: 433–440

    Google Scholar 

  • Staehelin, LA (1986) Chloroplast structrure and supramolecular organization of photosynthetic membranes. In: Staehelin, LA and Arntzen, CJ (eds) Encycl Plant Physiol 19 (New Series), pp 1–84. Berlin: Springer-Verlag

    Google Scholar 

  • Staehelin, LA and Arntzen, CJ (1983) Regulation of chloroplast membrane function. Protein phosphorylation changes the spatial organization of membrane components. J Cell Biol 97: 1327–1337

    Google Scholar 

  • Stayton, MM, Black, M, Bedbrook, J and Dunsmuir, P (1986) A novel chlorophyll a/b binding (Cab) gene from petunia which encodes the lower molecular weight Cab precursor protein. Nucl Acids Res 14: 9781–9796

    Google Scholar 

  • Stayton MM, Brosio P and Dunsmuir P (1987) Characterization of a full-length petunia cDNA encoding a polypeptide of the light-harvesting complex associated with photosystem I. Proc Nat Acad Sci US, in press

  • Stiekema, WJ, Wimpee, CF and Tobin, EM (1983) Nucleotide sequence encoding the precursor of the small subunit of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase from Lemna gibba L.G.-3. Nucl Acids Res 11: 8051–8061

    Google Scholar 

  • Suss, K-H and Brecht, E (1980) Polypeptide composition and spectral properties of light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-protein complexes from intact and trypsin-treated chloroplast thylakoid membranes. Biochim Biophys Acta 592: 369–374

    Google Scholar 

  • Takahashi, Y and Katoh, S (1982) Functional subunit structure of photosystem I reaction center in Synechococcus sp. Arch Bioch Biophys 219: 219–227

    Google Scholar 

  • Takahashi, Y, Hirota, K, Katoh, S (1985) Multiple forms of P700-chlorophyll a-protein complexes from Synechococcus sp.: the iron, quinone and carotenoid contents. Photosynth Res 6: 183–192

    Google Scholar 

  • Tang, XS, Satoh, K (1984) Characterization of a 47-kilodalton chlorophyll-binding polypeptide (CP47) isolated form a photosystem II core complex. Plant Cell Physiol 25: 935–945

    Google Scholar 

  • Tang, XS, Satoh, K (1985) The oxygen-evolving photosystem II core complex. FEBS Lett 179: 60–64

    Google Scholar 

  • Thaler, T and Jay, FA (1985) Monoclonal antibodies specific for the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-protein complex (LHC). Detection of conserved antigenic determinants in LHC from different species. FEBS Lett 188: 21–26

    Google Scholar 

  • Thornber, JP (1975) Chlorophyll proteins: Light-harvesting and reaction center components of plants. Annu Rev Plant Physiol 26: 127–158

    Google Scholar 

  • Thornber, JP (1986) Biochemical characterization and structure of pigment-proteins of photosynthetic organisms. In Staehelin, LA and Arntzen, CJ (eds) Encycl Plant Physiol 19 (New Series), pp 95–142. Berlin: Springer-Verlag

    Google Scholar 

  • Thornber, JP and Highkin, HR (1974) Composition of the photosynthetic apparatus of normal barley leaves and a mutant lacking chlorophyl b. Eur J Biochem 41; 109–116

    Google Scholar 

  • Thornber, JP, Gregory, RPF, Smith, CA and Leggett-Bailey, J (1967) Studies on the nature of the chloroplast lamella. I Preparation and some properties of two chlorophyll-protein complexes. Biochemistry 6: 391–396

    Google Scholar 

  • Trebst, A (1986) The topology of the plastoquinone and herbicide binding peptides of Photosystem II in the thylakoid membrane. Z Naturforsch 41c: 240–245

    Google Scholar 

  • Vallejos, CE, Tanksley, SD and Bernatsky, R (1986) Localization in the tomato genome of DNA restriction fragments containing sequences homologus to the rRNA (45S), the major chlorophyll a/b binding polypeptide and the ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase genes. Genetics 112: 93–105

    Google Scholar 

  • Vernon, LP and Shaw, ER (1969) Photosystem II activities in subchloroplast fragments obtained by detergents. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 36: 878–84

    Google Scholar 

  • Vernon, LP, Shaw, ER and Ke, B (1966) A photochemically active particle derived from chloroplasts by the action of the detergent Triton X-100. J Biol Chem 241: 4101–423

    Google Scholar 

  • Vierling, E and Alberte, RS (1983) Regulation of synthesis of the photosystem I reaction center. Plant Physiol 72: 625–633

    Google Scholar 

  • Warden, JT and Golbeck, JH (1986) Photosystem I charge separation in the absence of centers A and B. II. ESR spectral characterization of center ‘X’ and correlation with optical signal ‘A2’. Biochim Biophys Acta 849: 25–31

    Google Scholar 

  • Watanabe, T, Kobayashi, M, Hongu, A, Nakazato, M, Hiyams, T and Murata, N (1985) Evidence that a chlorophyll a′ dimer constitutes the photochemical reaction center 1(P700) in photosynthetic apparatus. FEBS Lett 191: 252–256

    Google Scholar 

  • Wessels, JSC and Borchert, MT (1978) Polypeptide profiles of chlorophyll-protein complexes and thylakoid membranes of spinach chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 503: 78–93

    Google Scholar 

  • Wessels, JSC, van, Alphen-van Waveren, O and Voorn, G (1973) Isolationand properties of particles containing the reaction center complex of photosystem II from spinach chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 292: 741–752

    Google Scholar 

  • Westhoff, P, Alt, J and Herrmann, RG (1983) Localization of the genes for the two chlorophyll a-conjugated polypeptides (M.W, 51 and 44 kd) of the photosystem II reaction center on the spinach plastid chromosome. EMBO J. 2: 2229–2237

    Google Scholar 

  • White, MJ and Green, BR (1987a) Antibodies to the photosystem I chlorophyll a+b antenna cross-react with polypeptides of CP29 and LHCII. Eur J Biochem 163: 545–551

    Google Scholar 

  • White, MJ and Green, BR (1987b) Immunological studies on the chlorophyll a+b antenna complexes of photosystem I and photosystem II. Prog Photosyn Res 2; 713–716

    Google Scholar 

  • White, MJ and Green, BR (1987c) Polypeptides belonging to each of the three major chlorophyll a+b protein complexes are present in a Chl b-less barley mutant. Eur J Biochem 165: 531–535

    Google Scholar 

  • Wild, A, Krebs, B and Ruhle, W (1980) Methodological studies in the separation of chlorophyll-protein complexes by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Zeitschr Pflanzenphysiol 100: 1–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams, RS, Shaw, EK, Sieburth, LE and Bennett, J (1986) Isolation of chlorophyll-binding proteins of green plants. Methods Enzymol 118: 338–352

    Google Scholar 

  • Wollmann, F-A (1986) Photosystem I proteins. In Staehelin, LA and Arntzen, CJ. (eds) Encycl Plant Physiol 19 (New Series), pp 487–489. Berlin: Springer-Verlag

    Google Scholar 

  • Wollman, FA and Bennoun, P (1982) A new chlorophyll-protein complex related to photosystem I in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Biochim Biophys Acta 680: 352–360

    Google Scholar 

  • Yamada, Y, Itoh, N and Satoh, K (1985) A versatile chromatographic procedure for purifying PS II reaction center complex from digitonin extracts of spinach thylakoids. Plant Cell Physiol 26: 1263–1271

    Google Scholar 

  • Yamagishi, A and Katoh, S (1983) Fluorescence emission spectra of Photosystem II reaction centre complexes and chlorophyll-binding subunits at low temperature. In: The Oxygen Evolving system of Photosynthesis (ed Inoue, Y et al.), pp 39–48, Academic Press, Tokyo

    Google Scholar 

  • Yamagishi, A and Katoh, S (1984) A photoactive photosystem II reaction center lacking a chlorophyll-binding 40 kilodalton subunit from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. Biochim Biophys Acta 765: 118–124

    Google Scholar 

  • Yamagishi, A and Katoh, S (1985) Further characterization of the two photosystem II reaction center complex preparations from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. Biochim Biophys Acta 807: 74–80

    Google Scholar 

  • Yamamoto, Y, Doi, M, Tamura, N and Nishimura, M (1981) FEBS Lett 133: 265–268

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, V6T 2B1, Vancouver, B.C., Canada

    Beverley R. Green

Authors
  1. Beverley R. Green
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Green, B.R. The chlorophyll-protein complexes of higher plant photosynthetic membranes or Just what green band is that?. Photosynth Res 15, 3–32 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00054985

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00054985

Key words

Search

Navigation