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Effect of applied and internal hormones on vitrification and apical necrosis of different plants cultured in vitro

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Abstract

Development of vitrification and apical necrosis was followed in Camellia sinensis, Gerbera jamesonii, Malus domestica and hybrid Populus tremula x P. alba shoots cultured in vitro on Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium with different concentrations of growth regulators. High humidity in the culture vessels and excess of BA in the medium were found to be the major factors influencing vitrification. Lack of exogenous cytokinin in the medium during successive subcultures induced apical necrosis in poor-rooting species (Malus domestica, Camellia sinensis). The level of internal phytohormones (ABA, IAA, IPA, 2iP, Z, ZR) was determined in the apple shoots by means of ELISA. The content of internal cytokinins in the vitrified apple shoots was several times greater than in normal ones, which supports the hypothesis that excess of cytokinins, inducing rapid divisions of cells in meristems in the atmosphere with high humidity, is responsible for vitrification. Apical necrosis of the plantlets that appeared after cultivation on cytokinin-free medium is the result of deficiency in endogenous hormones in apple shoots and this being confirmed by analysis of endogenous hormones in apple shoots.

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Abbreviations

BA:

benzyladenine

BHT:

butylated hydroxy-toluene

ABA:

abscisic acid

IAA:

indole-3-acetic acid

ELISA:

enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

IPA:

isopentenyladenosine

2iP:

isopentenyladenine

NAA:

naphthyl-3-acetic acid

TBS:

trishydroxymethylaminomethane buffered saline

TLC:

thin layer chromatography

Z:

zeatin

ZR:

zeatin riboside

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. K. A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology of the USSR Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya, 35, 127276, Moscow, USSR

    Natalia V. Kataeva, Irena G. Alexandrova, Raisa G. Butenko & Elena V. Dragavtceva

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  1. Natalia V. Kataeva
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  2. Irena G. Alexandrova
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  3. Raisa G. Butenko
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  4. Elena V. Dragavtceva
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Kataeva, N.V., Alexandrova, I.G., Butenko, R.G. et al. Effect of applied and internal hormones on vitrification and apical necrosis of different plants cultured in vitro. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 27, 149–154 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00041283

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00041283

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