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A limnological survey of Lake McIlwaine, Rhodesia

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Summary

  1. 1.

    The general features and topography of Lake McIlwaine in Rhodesia are described, including a description of the main aquatic vegetational communities and benthic deposits.

  2. 2.

    The thermal regime is described and compared with observations on similar water bodies in the South-Central African region. It is concluded that these artificial lakes are all of the warm monomictic type, but verge on the polymictic owing to the cooling effect of summer storms.

  3. 3.

    The waters show fairly high levels of nitrite- and nitrate-nitrogen as a result of drainage of sewage effluents into the lake. It is believed that the abundance of plankton in the lake is a direct result of the mild pollution. There is no evidence that pollution has at this stage reached a serious level, although the profundal waters suffer severe anaerobiosis during most of the year.

  4. 4.

    Fauna lists of the zooplankton, benthic and littoral invertebrates and fishes are given.

  5. 5.

    It has been demonstrated that the sampling errors resulting from the action of the Van Veen grab can be successfully countered by statistical methods, giving improved estimates of the abundance of the randomly distributed oligochaete, pelecypod and chironomid populations.

  6. 6.

    The mean standing crop of benthic invertebrates is estimated conservatively at between 200 and 230 kg/hectare. Total annual benthic production is estimated at just over 1000 metric tons, or 400–450 kg/hectare. The estimates are based only upon sampling in the 2–5 m zone of the upper sub-littoral and although carefully considered are nevertheless presented with some reservations. If the estimates do err, they are probably conservative.

  7. 7.

    The maximum standing crop of benthic invertebrates is found in the 2–5 m zone in the upper sub-littoral. The profundal region is almost completely unproductive.

Résumé

  1. 1.

    On décrit les caractères généraux et la topographie du lac McIlwaine, en Rhodésie, et on fait le relation des communautés de la végétation aquatique et des sédiments du fond.

  2. 2.

    On décrit aussi le régime thermal et on compare ces observations avec ceux fait sur des masses d'eau dans la region d'Afrique sudcentral. On conclut que ces lacs artificiels sont tous d'un type monomictique chaud, mais qu'ils approchent le type polymictique à cause de l'effet raffraîchissant des orages d'été.

  3. 3.

    Parce que les eaux d'egout s'écoulent dans le lac, les eaux montrent des valeurs hautes de 1'azotite-et de 1'azotate-zaote. On croit que l'abondance du plancton dans le lac est un résultat direct de la pollution légère. Il n'y a pas d'évidence que la pollution est arrivée à un étage sérieux, quoique les eaux souffrent une anaerobiose sévère pendant la plupart de l'année.

  4. 4.

    On donne les listes du zooplancton, des invertébrés littorals et du fond, et des poissons.

  5. 5.

    On a montré q'on peut neutraliser avec succès, par les méthodes statistiques, les erreurs de l'échantillonage qui résultent de l'action du grappin de Van Veen; ces méthodes donnent des évaluations améliorées de l'abondance des populations des oligochètes, des pélécypodes et des chironomides qui sont distribués au hasard.

  6. 6.

    La récolte sur pied moyenne des invertébrés du fond reste entre 200 et 230 kg/hectare. On estime que la production annuelle totale est un peu plus que 1000 tonnes métriques, ou 400–500 kg/hectare. Les évaluations se basent seulement sur l'échantillonage dans la zone souslittorale, à une profondeur de 2–5 m, et quoiqu'on les ai considéré soigneusement, on les présents néanmoins avec certaines réserves. Si les évaluations ne sont pas exactes, elles sont probablement audessous des valeurs actuelles.

  7. 7.

    On trouve la récolte Sur pied maxima des invertébrés du fond dans la zone sous-littorale, à une profondeur de 2–5 m. La région des profondeurs est presque complèment non-productive.

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Present address: Fisheries Division, Institute of Marine Science, University of Miami, Florida, U.S.A.

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Munro, J.L. A limnological survey of Lake McIlwaine, Rhodesia. Hydrobiologia 28, 281–308 (1966). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00037327

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00037327

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