Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Geographical variation in dormancy in a copepod: evidence from population crosses

  • Part Five: Freshwater Copepods
  • Published:
Hydrobiologia Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Populations of the freshwater copepod Mesocyclops edax inhabiting Michigan lakes are dormant during winter, whereas populations inhabiting Florida lakes develop and reproduce continuously throughout the year. A Michigan and a Florida population were exposed to dormancy inducing conditions (low temperature and short photoperiod) in the laboratory and observed for indications of dormancy. All Michigan individuals and a small percentage of the Florida individuals entered dormancy as indicated by prolonged duration of the fourth copepodid instar and cessation of feeding. I suggest that in these population these observations represent diapause, rather than quiescence. The two populations were crossbred to examine the nature of inheritance of dormancy. The F1 hybrids exhibited an incidence of diapause approximately intermediate between the Florida and Michigan parental stocks. The backcrosses of F1 individuals to the Michigan and Florida stocks, respectively, exhibited a high and an intermediate incidence of diapause. Survival of the F2 crosses was very low. The present study presents evidence of genetic differentiation between the Michigan and Florida populations of M. edax with respect to ability to diapause.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Allan, J. D., 1984. Life history variation in a freshwater copepod: evidence from populations crosses. Evolution 38: 280–291.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bishop-Rayle, J., 1988. Variation in dormancy of a Virginia population of the freshwater copepod Mesocyclops edax (Crustacea: Copepoda). M. S. Thesis, George Mason University, 104 pp.

  • Cole, G., 1953. Notes on copepod encystment. Ecology 34: 208–211.

    Google Scholar 

  • Comita, G. W., 1972. The seasonal zooplankton cycles, production and transformation of energy in Severson Lake, Minnesota. Arch. Hydrobiol. 70: 14–66.

    Google Scholar 

  • Danks, H. V., 1987. Insect Dormancy: An Ecological Perspective. Biol. Sur. Canada. 439 pp.

  • Dawes, C. J., B. C. Cowell, W. E. Gairdner, & S. M. Scheda, 1987. Limnological characteristics of two eutrophic and four mesotrophic lakes in west central Florida. Int. Revue ges. Hydrobiol. 72: 171–203.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elgmork, K., 1962. A bottom resting stage in the planktonic freshwater copepod Cyclops scutifer Sars. Oikos 13; 306–330.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elgmork, K., 1980. Evolutionary aspects of diapause in freshwater copepods. In W. C. Kerfoot (ed.), Evolution and Ecology of Zooplankton Communities. The University Press of New England, Hanover, (NH)); Lond.: 411–417.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grice, G. D. & N. H. Marcus, 1981. Dormant eggs of marine copepods. Oceanogr. mar. Biol. annu. Rev. 19: 125–140.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hairston, N. G., Jr. & E. J. Olds, 1986. Partial photoperiodic control of diapause in three populations of the freshwater copepod Diaptomus sanguineus. Biol. Bull. 171: 135–142.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hairston, N. G., Jr. & W. R. Munns, Jr., 1984. The timing of copepod diapause as an evolutionary stable strategy. Am. Nat. 123: 733–751.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hairston, N. G., Jr. & W. E. Walton, 1986. Rapid evolution of a life history trait. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. USA 83: 4831–4833.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marcus, N. H., 1987. Differences in the duration of egg diapause of Labidocera aestiva (Copepoda: Calanoida) form the Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Region. Biol. Bull. 173: 169–177.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marcus, N. H., 1984. Variation in the diapause responses of Labidocera aestiva (Copepoda: Calanoida) from different latitudes and its importance in the evolutionary process. Biol. Bull. 166: 127–139.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nilssen, J. P., 1977. Cryptic predation and the demographic strategies of two limnetic cyclopoid copepods. Mem. Ist. ital. Idrobiol 34: 187–196.

    Google Scholar 

  • Papi\`nska, K., 1984. The life cycle and the zones of occurrence of Mesocyclops leuckarti Claus (Cyclopoida, Copepoda). Ekol. pol. 32(3): 493–531.

    Google Scholar 

  • Papi\`nska, K., 1988. The effect of fish predation on Cyclops life cycle. Hydrobiologia 167/168: 449–453.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smyly, W. J. P., 1961. The life-cycle of the freshwater copepod Cyclops leuckarti Claus in Esthwaite Water. J. anim. Ecol. 30: 153–169.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smyly, W. J. P., 1962. Laboratory experiments with stage V copepodids of the freshwater copepod, Cyclops leuckarti Claus, from Windermere and Esthwaite Water. Crustaceana 4: 273–280.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sokal, R. R. & F. J. Rohlf, 1969. Biometry. W. H. Freeman & Co., San Francisco, 776 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Strickler, J. R. & S. Twombly, 1975. Reynolds number, diapause, and predatory copepods. Verh. int. Ver. Limnol. 19: 2943–2950.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stucke, D.,1981. Seasonality and distribution of two limnetic cyclopoid copepods, Diacyclops biscuspidatus thomasi S. A. Forbes 1882 and Mesocyclops edax (S. A. Forbes) 1881, in relation to lake thermal and oxygen structure. Case Western Reserve Univ. M. S. Thesis. 148 pp.

  • Tauber, M. J., C. A. Tauber, & S. Masaki, 1986. Seasonal Adaptations of Insects. Oxford Univ. Press. NY, 411 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Watson, N. H. F.,1986. Variability of diapause in copepods. In G. Schriever, H. K. Schminke, and C. -t. Shih (eds), Proc. of the Second Intl. Conf. of Copepoda, Ottawa, Canada 13–17 Aug 1984, Syllogeus 58: 509–513.

  • Watson, N. H. F. & B. N. Smallman, 1971a. The physiology of diapause in Diacyclops navus Herrick (Crustacea, Copepoda). Can. J. Zool. 14: 1449–1454.

    Google Scholar 

  • Watson, N. H. F. & B. N. Smallman, 1971b. The role of photoperiod and temperature in the induction and termination of an arrested development in two species of freshwater cyclopid copepods. Can. J. Zool. 49: 855–862.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wierzbicka, M., 1962. On the resting stage and mode of life of some species of Cyclopoida. Pol. Arch. Hydrobiol. 10: 215–229.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williamson, C. E., 1984. Laboratory and field experiments on the feeding ecology of the cyclopoid copepod Mesocyclops edax. Freshwat. Biol. 14: 575–585.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wyngaard, G. A., 1986. Genetic differentiation of life history traits in populations of Mesocyclops edax (Crustacea: Copepoda). Biol. Bull. 170: 279–295.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wyngaard, G. A., Genetic relationships among life history traits in copepod populations: evidence of coadaptation. (in prep).

  • Wyngaard, G. A., J. L. Elmore & B. C. Cowell, 1982. Dynamics of a subtropical plankton community, with emphasis on the copepod Mesocyclops edax. Hydrobiologia 89: 39–48.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, James Madison University, 22807, Harrisonburg, Virginia, USA

    Grace A. Wyngaard

Authors
  1. Grace A. Wyngaard
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Wyngaard, G.A. Geographical variation in dormancy in a copepod: evidence from population crosses. Hydrobiologia 167, 367–374 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00026327

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00026327

Key words

Search

Navigation