Skip to main content
Log in

In vivo demonstration of acid phosphatase activity in the rhizosphere of soil-grown plants

  • Published:
Plant and Soil Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

For in vivo demonstration of acid phosphatase activity in the rhizosphere of soil-grown plants filter papers were treated with a mixture of 1-naphthyl phosphate as substrate and the diazonium salt Fast Red TR as an indicator. After enzymatic hydrolysis, 1-naphthol forms a red complex with Fast Red TR. This method was applied to 8-day old maize plants and 3-year old Norway spruce plants growing in rhizoboxes in soil under non-sterile conditions. The treated filter paper is placed at the surface of roots and soil and acid phosphatase activity is visualized as a red-coloured ‘root print’ on the filter paper. The method can be used as a qualitative analysis of acid phosphatase in the rhizosphere. It also allows a rough estimate of phosphatase activity in different root zones.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alexander I J and Hardy K 1981 Surface acid phosphatase activity of Sitka spruce mycorrhizas from a serpentine site. Soil Biol. Biochem. 13, 301–305.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bais R and Edwards J B 1976 An optimized continuous-monitoring procedure for semiautomated determination of serum acid phosphatase activity. Clin. Chem. 22, 2025–2028.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bieleski R L and Johnson P N 1972 The external location of phosphatase activity in phosphorus-deficient Spirodela oligorrhiza. Aust. J. Biol. Sci. 25, 707–720.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowen G D 1973 Mineral nutrition of ectomycorrhizae. In Ectomycorrhizae — Their Ecology and Physiology. Eds. G C Marks and T T Kozlowski. pp 151–205. Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Caradus J R and Snaydon R W 1987 Aspects of the phosphorus nutrition of white clover populations. II. Root exocellular acid phosphatase activity. J. Plant Nutr. 10, 287–301.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dinkelaker B, Römheld V and Marschner H 1989 Citric acid excretion and precipitation of calcium citrate in the rhizosphere of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.). Plant Cell Envir. 12, 285–292.

    Google Scholar 

  • Estermann E F and McLaren A D 1961 Contribution of rhizoplane organisms to the total capacity of plants to utilize organic nutrients. Plant and Soil 15, 243–260.

    Google Scholar 

  • Felipe M R, Pozuelo J M and Cintas A M 1979 Acid phosphatase localization at the surface of young corn roots. Agrochim. 23, 143–150.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gallagher S R and Leonard R T 1982 Effect of vanadate, molybdate, and azide on membrane-associated ATPase and soluble phosphatase activity of corn roots. Plant Physiol. 70, 1335–1340.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gardner W K and Parbery D G 1982 The acquisition of phosphorus by Lupinus albus L. I. Some characteristics of the soil/root interface. Plant and Soil 68, 19–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gundlach G and Mühlhausen B 1980 Untersuchungen zur Kupplung des 1-Naphthols mit Fast-red-TR. Untersuchungen zur Optimierung einer kontinuierlichen Bestimmung der sauren Phosphatase, 1. Mitteilung. J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem. 18, 603–610.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hall J L and Davie C A M 1971 Localization of acid hydrolase activity in Zea mays L. root tips. Ann. Bot. 35, 849–855.

    Google Scholar 

  • Häußling M and Marschner H 1989 Organic and inorganic soil phosphates and acid phosphates activity in the rhizosphere of 80-year-old Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] trees. Biol. Fertil. Soils 8, 128–133.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hillman G 1971 Fortlaufende photometrische Messung der Prostataphosphatase-Aktivität. Z. Klin. Chem. Klin. Biochem. 9, 273–274.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoffland E, Findenegg G R and Nelemans J A 1989 Solubilization of rock phosphate by rape. II. Local exudation of organic acids as a response to P-starvation. Plant and Soil 113, 161–165.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lefebvre D D, Duff S M G, Fife C A, Julien-Inalsingh C and Plaxton W C 1990 Response to phosphate deprivation in Brassica nigra suspension cells. Plant Physiol. 93, 504–511.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marschner H, Römheld V and Ossenberg-Neuhaus H 1982 Rapid method for measuring changes in pH and reducing processes along roots of intact plants. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 105, 407–416.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marschner H, Römheld V, Horst W J and Martin P 1986 Root-induced changes in the rhizosphere: Importance for the mineral nutrition of plants. Z. Pflanzenernaehr. Bodenkd. 149, 441–456.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marschner H and Römheld V 1983 In vivo measurement of root-induced pH changes at the soil-root interface: Effect of plant species and nitrogen source. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 111, 241–251.

    Google Scholar 

  • McFall J, Slack S A and Iyer J 1991 Effects of Hebeloma arenosa and phosphorus fertility on root acid phosphatase activity of red pine (Pinus resinosa) seedlings. Can. J. Bot. 69, 380–383.

    Google Scholar 

  • McLachlan K D 1980 Acid phosphatase activity of intact roots and phosphorus nutrition in plants. I. Assay conditions and phosphatase activity. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 31, 429–440.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moss D W 1984 Acid phosphatases. In Methods of Enzymatic Analysis, Vol. IV. Eds. J Bergmeyer and M Graßl pp 92–106. Verlag Chemie, Weinheim.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramírez-Martínez J R and McLaren A D 1966 Determination of soil phosphatase activity by a fluorimetric technique. Enzymol. 30, 243–253.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ridge E H and Rovira A D 1971 Phosphatase activity of intact young wheat roots under sterile and non-sterile conditions. New Phytol. 70, 1017–1026.

    Google Scholar 

  • Römheld V and Marschner H 1986 Mobilization of iron in the rhizosphere of different plant species. In Advances in Plant Nutrition. Vol. 2. Eds. B Tinker and A Läuchli. pp 155–204. Praeger Publishers, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shaykh M M and Roberts L W 1974 A histochemical study of phosphatases in root apical meristems. Ann. Bot. 38, 165–174.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tabatabai M A and Bremner J M 1969 Use of p-nitrophenyl phosphate for assay of soil phosphatase activity. Soil Biol. Biochem. 1, 301–307.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tadano T and Sakai H 1991 Secretion of acid phosphatase by the roots of several crop species under phosphorus-deficient conditions. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. 37, 129–140.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tarafdar J C 1989 Use of electrofocussing technique for characterizing the phosphatases in the soil and root exudates. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci. 37, 393–395.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tarafdar J C and Claassen N 1988 Organic phosphorus compounds as a phosphorus source for higher plants through the activity of phosphatases produced by plant roots and microorganisms. Biol. Fertil. Soils 5, 308–312.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tarafdar J C and Jungk A 1987 Phosphatase activity in the rhizosphere and its relation to the depletion of soil organic phosphorus. Biol. Fertil. Soils 3, 199–204.

    Google Scholar 

  • Trolldenier G 1988 Visualization of oxidizing power of rice roots and of possible participation of bacteria in iron deposition. Z. Pflanzenernaehr. Bodenkd. 151, 117–121.

    Google Scholar 

  • Uren N C 1981 Chemical reduction of an insoluble higher oxide of manganese by plant roots. J. Plant Nutr. 4, 65–71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Warren R J and Moss D W 1977 An automated continuous-monitoring procedure for the determination of acid phosphatase activity in serum. Clin. Chim. Acta 77, 179–188.

    Google Scholar 

  • Woolhouse H W 1969 Differences in the properties of the acid phosphatases of plant roots and their significance in the evolution of edaphic ecotypes. In Ecological Aspects of the Mineral Nutrition of Plants. Ed. I H Rorison. pp 357–380. Blackwell Scientific Publications. Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Dinkelaker, B., Marschner, H. In vivo demonstration of acid phosphatase activity in the rhizosphere of soil-grown plants. Plant Soil 144, 199–205 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00012876

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00012876

Key words

Navigation