Abstract
Conditions under which some plants emit carbon disulfide (CS2) in the soil are unknown. A pot assembly was constructed to measure soil CS2 emissions by Mimosa pudica under conditions of undisturbed growth, root injury, and drought stress. When M. pudica was grown without disturbance, soil CS2 emissions were below the limit of detection (≤0.1 ng CS2 mL−1) for the entire 8-wk sampling period. However, when the roots of 6-wk-old M. pudica plants were cut to a depth of 10 cm, a maximum of 0.5 and 0.4 ng CS2 mL−1 was emitted within minutes at the 5- and 10-cm depths, respectively. These emissions declined slowly to undetectable levels after 50 min. No detectable CS2 emissions were observed at the 0- and 15-cm depths. No CS2 was emitted when 6-wk-old M. pudica plants were subjected to drought stress, however, when the same plants were watered, a maximum of 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 ng CS2 mL−1 was emitted within minutes at the 5-, 10- and 15-cm depths, respectively. These emissions were detectable for at least 2 hr at the 10- and 15-cm depths. No detectable CS2 emissions were observed at the 0-cm depth after watering. No detectable CS2 emissions were observed at any depth under any conditions of undisturbed growth, root injury, or drought stress followed by watering for assemblies containing either no plants or Albizia julibrissin, a plant that is closely related to M. pudica but does not emit CS2. Mimosa pudica emitted detectable CS2 under conditions of root injury and rewetting of dry soil but not under conditions of undisturbed growth. Release of such a biocidal sulfide only during conditions of root injury or rewetting of dry soil would be advantageous to M. pudica.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
AbelesF B 1984 A comparative study of ethylene oxidation in Vicia faba and Mycobacterium paraffinicum. J. Plant Growth Regul. 3, 85–95.
AhmedS and EvansH J 1960 Cobalt: A micronutrient element for the growth of soybean plants under symbiotic conditions. Soil Sci. 90, 205–210.
BaileyS D, BazinetM L, DriscollJ L and McCarthyA I 1961 The volatile sulfur components of cabbage. J. Food Sci. 26, 163–170.
BanwartW L and BremnerJ M 1976 Evolution of volatile sulfur compounds from soils treated with sulfur-containing organic materials. Soil Biol. Biochem. 8, 439–443.
BlissD E 1951 The destruction of Armillaria mellea in citrus soils. Phytopathology 41, 665–683.
BremnerJ M and BundyL G 1974 Inhibition of nitrification in soils by volatile sulfur compounds. Soil Biol. Biochem. 6, 161–165.
ChandlerW A 1969 Reduction in mortality of peach trees following soil fumigation. Plant Dis. Rep. 53, 49–53.
FilipG M and RothL F 1977 Stump injections with soil fumigants to eradicate Armillariella mellea from young-growth ponderosa pine killed by root rot. Can. J. For. Res. 7, 226–231.
HainesB L 1991 Identification and quantification of sulfur gases emitted from soils, leaf litter and live plant parts. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 34, 473–477.
HainesB, BlackM and BayerC 1989 Sulfur emissions from roots of the rain forest tree Stryphnodendron excelsum. In Biogenic Sulfur in the Environment. Eds. E SSaltzman and W JCooper. pp 58–69. American Chemical Society Symposium Series No. 393. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC.
HainesB, BlackM, FailJJr, McHargueL and HowellG 1987 Potential sulphur gas emissions from a tropical rainforest and a Southern Appalachian deciduous forest. In Effects of Atmospheric Pollutants on Forests, Wetlands and Agricultural Ecosystems, Vol. G16. Eds. T CHutchinson and K MMeema. pp 599–610. NATO ASI Series, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
HartelP G and HainesB L 1992 Effects of potential plant CS2 emissions on bacterial growth in the rhizosphere. Soil Biol. Biochem. 24, 219–224.
IselyD 1990 Vascular Flora of the Southeastern United States. The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.
KellyD P and SmithN A 1990 Organic sulfur compounds in the environment. Biogeochemistry, microbiology, and ecological aspects. In Advances in Microbial Ecology, Vol. 11. Ed. K CMarshall. pp 345–385. Plenum Press. New York.
LembrightH W 1990 Soil fumigation: Principles and application technology. J. Nematol. (Suppl.) 22 (4S), 632–644.
MalhiS S and NyborgM 1982 An evaluation of carbon disulphide as a sulphur fertilizer and as a nitrification inhibitor. Plant and Soil 65, 203–218.
McClureP R and IsraelD W 1979 Transport of nitrogen in the xylem of soybean plants. Plant Physiol. 64, 411–416.
MunneckeD E, KolbezenM J and WilburnW D 1973 Effect of methyl bromide or carbon disulfide on Armillaria and Trichoderma growing on agar medium and relation to survival of Armillaria in soil following fumigation. Phytopathology 63, 1352–1357.
PunjG K and GirishG K 1969 Relative toxicity of certain fumigants to Trigoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera, Dermestidae). J. Stored Prod. Res. 4, 339–342.
RaimbaultM, RinaudoG, GarciaJ-L and BoureauM 1977 A device to study metabolic gases in the rice rhizosphere. Soil Biol. Biochem. 9, 193–196.
RennenbergH 1991 The significance of higher plants in the emission of sulfur compounds from terrestrial ecosystems. In Trace Gas Emissions by Plants. Eds. T DSharkey, E AHolland and H AMooney pp 217–260. Academic Press, New York.
VaughnC E and JonesM B 1976 Nitrogen fixation by intact annual rangeland species in soil. Agron. J. 68, 561–564.
WeiszP R and SinclairT R 1987 Regulation of soybean nitrogen fixation in response to rhizosphere oxygen. Plant Physiol. 84, 900–905.
Westberg H and Lamb B 1984 Estimation of biogenic sulfur emissions from the Continental U.S. In Environmental Impact of Natural Emissions. Ed. V P Aneja. pp 41 – 53. Trans. Air Pollution Control Association Specialty Conference (TR-2), Air Pollution Control Association, Pittsburgh, PA.
WetzelR G, BrammerE S, LindströmK and ForsbergC 1985 Photosynthesis of submersed macrophytes in acidified lakes. II. Carbon limitation and utilization of benthic CO2 sources. Aquat. Bot. 22, 107–120.
WhitfieldF B, SheaS R, GillenK J and ShawK J 1981 Volatile components from the roots of Acacia pulchella R. Br. and their effect on Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands. Aust. J. Bot. 29, 195–208.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hartel, P.G., Reeder, R.E. Effects of drought and root injury on plant-generated CS2 emissions in soil. Plant Soil 148, 271–276 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00012864
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00012864