Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Combined Use of Fine and Coarse Recycled Concrete Aggregates in Concrete for Sustainable Development: A Review

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Recent Advances in Materials, Mechanics and Structures

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering ((LNCE,volume 269))

Abstract

In the recent days, questions of sustainability are top of mind since we utilise a lot of natural resources for construction materials. The consumption of natural resources is one of the major problems which is not only deploying the virgin materials but also create an ecological imbalance. In this concern, recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) produced from the construction and demolition (C&D) wastes could be an appropriate solution as it provides an alternative to the conventional aggregates (both fine and coarse). The present review paper focussed on the combined use of fine recycled concrete aggregate (FRCA) and coarse recycled concrete aggregate (CRCA) in the production of an eco-friendly sustainable concrete. Though limited research has been done on FRCA, recent research has observed that the combined use of CRCA and FRCA can produce more sustainable concrete as compared to the application of CRCA and FRCA alone because in combined use most of the recycled materials are utilised without generating new by-products. It has also been reviewed that if the RCA mix having both fine and coarse recycled aggregate is adjusted to compensate for the water absorbed by FRCA during mixing, basic mechanical properties can be similar to those of normal aggregate concrete. The aim of the review paper is to study the different properties of concrete made with recycled concrete aggregate (both fine and coarse) with particular emphasis on the hardened properties and analysing the viability of its application in construction industry towards sustainable development. Many researchers concluded that the durability and mechanical properties of both FRCA and CRCA are marginally lower to those of standard concrete which can be enhanced by applying suitable admixtures and different treatment methods. This paper also focuses on various modified approaches for better performance of RCAs, identifies the knowledge gaps and develop a specific guideline for further research.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Agenda 21: the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, the Statement of Forest Principles, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity, United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 3 to 14 June 1992, section II (Conservation and management of resources for development), see A/CONF.151/26 (Vol. II)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Mohammed SI, Najim KB (2020) Mechanical strength, flexural behavior and fracture energy of Recycled Concrete Aggregate self-compacting concrete. Structures 23:34–43

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Yehia S et al (2015) Strength and durability evaluation of recycled aggregate concrete. Int J Concr Struct Mater 9(2):219–239

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. EN-12620 (2002) Aggregates for Concrete, Comité European de Normalisation (CEN), Brussels (Belgium), 56

    Google Scholar 

  5. Hansen TC, Henrik N (1983) Strength of recycled concrete made from crushed concrete coarse aggregate. Concr Int 5(1):79–83

    Google Scholar 

  6. Silvaa RV, de Brito J, Dhir RK (2015) The influence of the use of recycled aggregates on the compressive strength of concrete: a review. Eur J Environ Civ Eng 19(7):825–849

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Khatib JM (2005) Properties of concrete incorporating fine recycled aggregate. Cem Concr Res 35:763–769

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Evangelista L, de Brito J (2007) Mechanical behaviour of concrete made with fine recycled concrete aggregates. Cem Concr Compos 29:397–401

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Wang Y, Zhang H, Geng Y, Wang Q, Zhang S (2019) Prediction of the elastic modulus and the splitting tensile strength of concrete incorporating both fine and coarse recycled aggregate. Constr Build Mater 215:332–346

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Geng Y, Zhao M, Yang H, Wang Y (2019) Creep model of concrete with recycled coarse and fine aggregates that accounts for creep development trend difference between recycled and natural aggregate concrete. Cem Concr Compos 103:303–317

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Pereira P, Evangelista L, de Brito J (2012) The effect of superplasticisers on the workability and compressive strength of concrete made with fine recycled concrete aggregates. Constr Build Mater 28(1):722–729

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Kou SC, Poon CS (2009) Properties of self-compacting concrete prepared with coarse and fine recycled concrete aggregates. Cem Concr Compos 31:622–627

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Tangchirapat W, Rattanashotinunt C, Buranasing R, Jaturapitakkul C (2013) Influence of fly ash on slump loss and strength of concrete fully incorporating recycled concrete aggregates. J Mater Civ Eng 25:243–251

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Pedro D, de Brito J, Evangelista L (2017) Structural concrete with simultaneous incorporation of fine and coarse recycled concrete aggregates: mechanical, durability and long-term properties. Constr Build Mater 154:294–309

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Martín-Morales M, Zamorano M, Ruiz-Moyano A, Valverde-Espinosa I (2011) Characterization of RAs construction and demolition waste for concrete production following the Spanish Structural Concrete Code EHE-08. Constr Build Mater 25(2):742–748

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Katz A (2003) Properties of concrete made with RA from partially hydrated old concrete. Cem Concr Res 33:703–711

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Juan M, Gutiérrez P (2009) Study on the influence of attached mortar content on properties of recycled concrete aggregate. Constr Build Mater 23(2):872–877

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Nagataki S, Lida K (2001) Recycling of demolished concrete. In: Fifth CANMET/ACI international conference on recent advances in concrete technology, Singapore, Canada Centre for Mineral and Energy Technology (CANMET) of Natural Resources Canada, American Concrete Institute, pp 1–20

    Google Scholar 

  19. Agrela F, Sánchez de Juan M, Ayuso J, Geraldes VL, Jiménez JR (2011) Limiting properties in the characterisation of mixed recycled aggregates for use in the manufacture of concrete. Constr Build Mater 25(10):3950–3955

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Suryawanshi SR, Singh B, Bhargava P (2015) Characterization of RAC. In: Matsagar V (ed) Advances in structural engineering: materials, vol 3. Springer, New Delhi, pp 1813–1822

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  21. Nagatakia S, Gokceb A, Saekic T, Hisada M (2004) Assessment of recycling process induced damage sensitivity of recycled concrete aggregates. Cem Concr Res 34(6):965–971

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Debieb F, Courard L, Kenai S, Degeimbre R (2009) Roller compacted concrete with contaminated RAs. Constr Build Mater 23(11):3382–3387

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Malešev M, Radonjanin V, Marinković S (2010) Recycled concrete as aggregate for structural concrete production. Sustainability 2(5):1204–1225

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Zhu YG, Kou SC, Poon CS, Dai JG, Li QY (2013) Influence of silane-based water repellent on the durability properties of RAC. Cem Concr Compos 35(1):32–38

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Hassan RY, Faroun GA, Mohammed SK (2021) Mechanical properties of concrete made with coarse and fine recycled aggregates. Mater Today: Proc

    Google Scholar 

  26. Tam VW, Gao XF, Tam CM (2005) Microstructural analysis of RAC produced from two-stage mixing approach. Cem Concr Res 35(6):1195–1203

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Tam VW, Gao XF, Tam CM (2006) Comparing performance of modified two-stage mixing approach for producing RAC. Mag Concr Res 58(7):477–484

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Tam VW, Tam CM (2007) Assessment of durability of RAC produced by two-stage mixing approach. J Mater Sci 42(10):3592–3602

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Dilbas H, Simsek M, Çakır Ö (2014) An investigation on mechanical and physical properties of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) with and without silica fume. Constr Build Mater 61:50–59

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Manzi S, Mazzotti C, Bignozzi MC (2013) Short and long-term behavior of structural concrete with recycled concrete aggregate. Cem Concr Compos 37(2013):312–318

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Sri R, Tam CT (1985) Properties of concrete made with crushed concrete as coarse aggregate. Mag Concr Res 37(130):29–38

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Gerardu JJA, Hendriks CF (1985) Recycling of road pavement materials in the Netherlands. Rijkswaterstaat, Dienst Weg- en Waterbouwkunde

    Google Scholar 

  33. Plaza P, Sáez del Bosque IF, Frías M, Sánchez de Rojas MI, Medina C (2021) Use of recycled coarse and fine aggregates in structural eco-concretes. Physical and mechanical properties and CO2 emissions. Const Build Mater 285:122926

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Sasanipour H, Aslani F (2020) Durability properties evaluation of self-compacting concrete prepared with waste fine and coarse recycled concrete aggregate. Const Build Mater 236:117–540

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Nixon PJ (1978) Recycled concrete as an aggregate for concrete—a review. Matér Constr 11(5):371–378

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Bairagi NK, Ravande K, Pareek VK (1993) Behaviour of concrete with different proportions of natural and RAs. Resour Conserv Recycl 9(1–2):109–126

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Yang KH, Chung HS, Ashour AF (2008) Influence of type and replacement level of RAs on concrete properties. ACI Mater J 105:289

    Google Scholar 

  38. Kou SC, Poon CS (2013) Long-term mechanical and durability properties of RAC prepared with the incorporation of fly ash. Cem Concr Compos 37:12–19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Zhang H, Wang Y, Lehman DE, Geng Y, Kuder K (2020) Time-dependent drying shrinkage model for concrete with coarse and fine recycled aggregate. Cem Concr Compos 105:103426

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Thomas C, de Brito J, Gil V, Sainz-Aja JA, Cimentada A (2018) Multiple recycled aggregate properties analysed by X-ray microtomography. Constr Build Mater 166:171–180

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Thomas C, de Brito J, Cimentada A, Sainz-Aja JA (2020) Macro- and micro properties of multi-recycled aggregate concrete. J Cleaner Prod 245:118843

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Kou SC, Poon CS, Agrela F (2011) Comparisons of natural and RACs prepared with the addition of different mineral admixtures. Cem Concr Compos 33:788–795

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Li X (2008) Recycling and reuse of waste concrete in China: part I. Material behaviour of recycled aggregate concrete. Resour Conserv Recycl 53(1–2):36–44

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Mansor AM, Hamed A, Borg RP (2016) Effect of silica fume on high performance concrete strength. In: Conference paper (PDF available) March 2016 with 243 reads conference: SBE

    Google Scholar 

  45. Kou SC, Poon CS (2010) Properties of concrete prepared with PVA-impregnated recycled concrete aggregates. Cem Concr Compos 32:649–654

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Xuan D, Zhan B, Poon CS (2016) Assessment of mechanical properties of concrete incorporating carbonated recycled concrete aggregates. Cem Concr Compos 65:67–74

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Martirena F, Castaño T, Alujas A, Orozco-morales R, Martinez L, Linsel S (2016) Improving quality of coarse recycled aggregates through cement coating. J Sustain Cem Mater 6(1):69–84

    Google Scholar 

  48. Grabiec AM, Klama J, Zawal D, Krupa D (2012) Modification of recycled concrete aggregate by calcium carbonate biodeposition. Constr Build Mater 34:145–150

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Charpe AU, Latkar MV (2020) Effect of biocementation using soil bacteria to augment the mechanical properties of cementitious materials. Mater Today Proc 21:1218–1222

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Yue Y, Zhou Y, Xing F, Gong G, Hu B, Guo M (2020) An industrial applicable method to improve the properties of recycled aggregate concrete by incorporating nano-silica and micro-CaCO3. J Cl Prod 259:120920

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Pandurangan K, Dayanithy A, Om Prakash S (2016) Influence of treatment methods on the bond strength of recycled aggregate concrete. Constr Build Mater 120:212–221

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Ismail S, Ramli M (2013) Engineering properties of treated recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) for structural applications. Constr Build Mater 44:464–476

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Wang L, Wang J, Qian X, Chen P, Xu Y, Guo J (2017) An environmentally friendly method to improve the quality of recycled concrete aggregates. Constr Build Mater 144:432–441

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. Al-bayati HKA, Das PK, Tighe SL, Baaj H (2016) Evaluation of various treatment methods for enhancing the physical and morphological properties of coarse recycled concrete aggregate. Constr Build Mater 112:284–298

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Kumar GS, Minocha AK (2017) Studies on thermo-chemical treatment of recycled concrete fine aggregates for use in concrete. J Mater Cycles Waste Manage 20(1):469–480

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. Tam VW, Tam CM (2008) Diversifying two-stage mixing approach (TSMA) for RAC: TSMAs and TSMAsc. Constr Build Mater 22(10):2068–2077

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. Nili M, Sasanipour H, Aslani F (2019) The effect of fine and coarse recycled aggregates on fresh and mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete. Materials (Basel) 12:1–14

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. Berredjem L, Arabi N, Molez L (2020) Mechanical and durability properties of concrete based on recycled coarse and fine aggregates produced from demolished concrete. Constr Build Mater 246:118421

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. Gómez-Soberón JMV (2002) Porosity of recycled concrete with substitution of recycled concrete aggregate: an experimental study. Cem Concr Res 32(8):1301–1311

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. Corinaldesi V, Moriconi G (2009) Influence of mineral additions on the performance of 100% RAC. Constr Build Mater 23(8):2869–2876

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. Lotfy A, Al-Fayez M (2015) Performance evaluation of structural concrete using controlled quality coarse and fine recycled concrete aggregate. Cem Concr Compos 61:36–43

    Article  Google Scholar 

  62. Djelloul OK, Menadi B, Wardeh G, Kenai S (2018) Performance of self-compacting concrete made with coarse and fine recycled concrete aggregates and ground granulated blast-furnace slag. Adv Concr Constr 6(2):103–121

    Google Scholar 

  63. Kumar BMV, Ananthan H, Balaji KVA (2017) Experimental studies on utilization of coarse and finer fractions of recycled concrete aggregates in self compacting concrete mixes. J Build Eng 9:100–108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  64. Güneyisi E, Gesoglu M, Algın Z, Yazıcı H (2016) Rheological and fresh properties of self-compacting concretes containing coarse and fine recycled concrete aggregates. Const Build Mater 113:622–630

    Article  Google Scholar 

  65. Sri Ravindrarajah R, Loo YH, Tam CT (1987) Recycled concrete as fine and coarse aggregates in concrete. Mag Concr Res 39(141):214–220

    Article  Google Scholar 

  66. Puthussery JV, Kumar R, Garg A (2016) Evaluation of recycled concrete aggregates for their suitability in construction activities: an experimental study. Waste Manage 60:270–276

    Article  Google Scholar 

  67. Vinay Kumar BM, Ananthan H, Balaji KVA (2018) Experimental studies on utilization of recycled coarse and fine aggregates in high performance concrete mixes. Alexandria Engg J 57:1749–1759

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, 831014, India

    Anasuya Sahu, Sanjay Kumar & A. K. L. Srivastava

Authors
  1. Anasuya Sahu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Sanjay Kumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. A. K. L. Srivastava
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Anasuya Sahu .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode, Kerala, India

    Suman Saha

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode, Kerala, India

    A. S. Sajith

  3. Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India

    Dipti Ranjan Sahoo

  4. Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Sundargarh, Odisha, India

    Pradip Sarkar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Sahu, A., Kumar, S., Srivastava, A.K.L. (2023). Combined Use of Fine and Coarse Recycled Concrete Aggregates in Concrete for Sustainable Development: A Review. In: Saha, S., Sajith, A.S., Sahoo, D.R., Sarkar, P. (eds) Recent Advances in Materials, Mechanics and Structures. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol 269. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3371-4_43

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3371-4_43

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-19-3370-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-19-3371-4

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation